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1.
We investigated the bacterioplankton abundance, community composition and the associated Vibrio clades of natural seawater in Bohai Sea coastal waters. Seawater samples (10 L in triplicate) were collected at 0.5, 3, and 5 m depths near the coastal aquaculture zone of the Bohai Sea on May 12, 2016. Real-time PCR and 16S rRNA gene amplicon high-throughput sequencing methods were employed by which 485 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) at a 97% sequence similarity level were generated. Gammaproteobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes were the most abundant groups, accounting for 49.5%, 23.5%, and 18.9% of the total assemblage, respectively. Obvious variations in Pseudoalteromonas, Vibrio, and Octadecabacter , which were the most abundant genera, could be observed among diff erent samples. Notably, the results of Vibrio -specifi c real-time PCR indicated that Vibrio had extremely high 16S rRNA gene copy numbers. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing results across all the samples also indicated that they occupied a large proportion of the total assemblage. Both the alpha diversity and major bacterioplankton group Pseudoalteromonas had significant correlations with the concentration of PO4^3-. Overall, studies on bacterioplankton communities with highly abundant Vibrio clades can provide interesting insight into the microbial function and health assessment of the Bohai Sea coastal ecosystem.  相似文献   

2.
海州湾是南黄海赤潮高发区之一。为研究浮游细菌与赤潮及环境因子的关系,于2020年11月在海州湾赤潮期间进行了现场调查,采集了8个站位的浮游细菌、浮游植物样品,获取了温度、盐度、叶绿素a以及氮、磷、硅营养盐浓度等环境因子信息,分析了赤潮原因种及浮游细菌群落结构情况。结果显示,此次赤潮原因种为三叶原甲藻(Prorocentrum triestinum)、赤潮异弯藻(Heterosigma akashiwo)及塔胞藻(Pyramimonas sp.),发生赤潮时水温、盐度较低,盐度与赤潮异弯藻的分布有一定的联系。使用16SrRNA高通量测序方法分析调查海域的浮游细菌情况,结果显示赤潮发生站位的浮游细菌多样性略低于其他非赤潮发生站位,优势细菌与其他站位有明显不同,以假单胞菌目(Pseudomonadales)、红杆菌目(Rhodobacterales)和黄杆菌目(Flavobacteriales)为主。赤潮发生站位的浮游细菌群落结构也存在一定的差异,不同站位可能处于不同的赤潮阶段,对浮游细菌群落具有不同的影响。相关性分析显示,黄杆菌目与叶绿素a显著正相关,表明黄杆菌目与赤潮发生有一定的关系。  相似文献   

3.
琼东海域今生颗石藻群落研究   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  
刘海娇  孙军  冯媛媛 《海洋学报》2015,37(12):27-40
通过2012年7、8月在南海北部陆架琼东上升流区域的水文、化学和生物的现场综合采样调查,对采集过滤的今生颗石藻膜样在偏振光显微镜下鉴种并统计细胞丰度,分析了夏季该海域的颗石藻群落结构特征及分布规律。结果表明,夏季琼东上升流区共检出今生颗石藻34种,优势物种有赫氏艾密里藻(Emiliania huxleyi)、大洋桥石藻(Gephyrocapsa oceanica)、纤细伞球藻(Umbellosphaera tenuis)、卡特螺旋球藻(Helicosphaera carteri)、地中海花冠球藻(Coronosphaera mediterranea)等,颗石粒细胞丰度介于0~2 040.23×103粒/L,平均值8.10×103粒/L,颗石球丰度介于0~68.90×103cells/L,平均值5.01×103 cells/L。大多数颗石藻集中分布在上升流信号强的水体中。琼东中部水域的生物多样性指数H′较雷州半岛以东水域高,颗石粒群落的均匀度指数J分布与H′呈镶嵌模式。聚类Cluster和多维定标MDS结果,将颗石粒和颗石球群落各分成4个和5个组群,经相似性分析(ANOSIM)检验证明此种划分是显著的。将生物与海区环境因子进行冗余分析(Redundancy analysis,RDA)结果表明,N/P、PO3-4、NO-2和SiO2-3是影响本次调查的今生颗石藻生物群落的主控因子。  相似文献   

4.
在三亚海域设置3个站位, 分别于各站位连续采集12个月表层水样。利用流式细胞仪进行浮游病毒及浮游细菌丰度的测定, 并对两者及其与环境因子之间的相关性进行研究, 同时对不同站位之间进行差异性分析。结果表明, 调查海域浮游病毒丰度(平均7.63×106viruses·mL-1)高于浮游细菌丰度(平均1.52×106cells·mL-1)。浮游病毒及浮游细菌丰度在三亚河口最高, 且有明显的季节变化, 冬春季高于夏秋季, 并且其与鹿回头半岛西侧、小东海之间均有极显著差异(P<0.01), 不同类群病毒代表的宿主类群也有所不同。调查海域总体水平浮游病毒丰度与浮游细菌丰度显著正相关(r=0.800, P<0.01); 叶绿素(Chl a)和氮盐(NO- 2、NO- 2+NO- 3、NH+ 4)是影响两者的关键因子。  相似文献   

5.
Uncovering the role of environmental factors and finding critical factors which harbor significant fractions in governing microbial communities remain key questions in coastal marine systems. To detect the interactions between environmental factors and distributions of virio-and bacterioplankton in trophic coastal areas, we used flow cytometry to investigate the abundance of virio-and bacterioplankton covering 31 stations in the Bohai Sea of China. Our results suggested that the average abundance of total virus(TV) in winter(～2.29×10~8 particles/mL)was slightly lower than in summer(～3.83×10~8 particles/mL). The mean total bacterial abundance(TB) was much lower in winter(～2.54×107 particles/mL) than in summer(～5.43×10~7 particles/mL). Correlation analysis via redundancy analysis(RDA) and network analysis among virioplankton, bacterioplankton and environmental factors revealed that the abundances of viral and bacterial subpopulations depend on environmental factors. In winter, only temperature significantly influenced the abundances of virio-and bacterioplankton. In summer, in addition to temperature, both salinity and nutrient(SiO_2) had a remarkable impact on the distribution of virioand bacterioplankton. Our results showed a clear seasonal and trophic pattern throughout the whole water system, which revealed that temperature and eutrophication may play crucial roles in microbial distribution pattern.  相似文献   

6.
This study investigated differences in the community structure and environmental responses of the bacterial community in sediments of the Bohai Sea.Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology and real-time PCR were used to assay the bacterial 16S rRNA genes in the surface sediments of 13 sampling stations in the Bohai Sea.The results showed that sediments at the majority of the 13 sampling stations were contaminated by heavy metal mercury.The main phyla of bacteria recorded included Proteobacteria(52.92%),Bacteroidetes(11.76%),Planctomycetes(7.39%),Acidobacteria(6.53%)and Chloroflexi(4.97%).The genus with the highest relative abundance was Desulfobulbus(4.99%),which was the dominant genus at most sampling stations,followed by Lutimonas and Halioglobus.The main factors influencing bacterial community structure were total organic carbon,followed by depth and total phosphorus.The content of lead,cadmium,chromium,copper and zinc had a consistent effect on community structure.Arsenic showed a negative correlation with bacterial community structure in most samples,while the impact of mercury on community structure was not significant.The bacterial community in sediment samples from the Bohai Sea was rich in diversity and displayed an increase in diversity from high to low latitudes.The data indicated that the Bohai Sea had abundant microbial resources and was rich in bacteria with the potential to metabolize many types of pollutants.  相似文献   

7.
黄海西北近岸沉积物中细菌群落空间分布特征   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
采用16S rDNA文库和变性梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE)技术,对黄海西北部3个近岸站位沉积物中细菌群落多样性及空间分布特征进行了调查和解析。对表层沉积物16S rDNA序列统计表明,各站位细菌群落多样性很高,γ-和δ-变形菌纲分别占克隆序列总数的20%~32%,是沉积物中的绝对优势类群。DGGE图谱分析表明,同一站位中不同深度的细菌群落结构相似性较高,而不同站位间群落结构相差较远。研究表明在黄海西北近岸沉积物中细菌群落多样性较高,优势类群明显,在较小尺度范围内群落结构的垂直变化不明显。  相似文献   

8.
The Po River runoff strongly affects the oceanographic and ecological characteristics of the Northern Adriatic Sea. Catalysed reported deposition ‐ fluorescence in situ hybridization (CARD‐FISH) analysis was employed to assess how the composition of the coastal bacterioplankton community is influenced by the river runoff in two different seasons (spring and autumn). Samples were collected from the water column along a coastal–offshore transect in the Northern Adriatic Sea at different depths. Four clone libraries were then constructed from coastal (0 m) and offshore waters (?65 m). Higher abundances of bacteria were recorded in coastal waters as compared with the offshore samples. This result was mainly due to the trophic state of the water column, and it was related to salinity. Particularly, Actinobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria were affected by the riverine inputs, whereas Bacteroidetes and Alphaproteobacteria showed only minor responses. This was particularly clear in the autumn sample, in which a clear difference between the coastal and the offshore samples was found due to a strong influence of the less saline river water with high nutrient concentrations. Analysis of 205 partial length 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated a high diversity with the dominance of Alphaproteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Gammaproteobacteria mainly affiliated to coastal and marine bacterioplankton clades. Actinobacteria were also detected and, together with Gammaproteobacteria, strongly follow the freshwater intrusion. Overall, our results indicate that the seasonal difference in the Po River discharge greatly affects the bacterioplankton community. In spring we observed a smooth transition from coastal to open‐sea conditions owing to the more superficial freshwater plume. In autumn the deeper freshwater intrusion in the coastal site and thermal stratification offshore resulted in a marked difference between the coastal and offshore microbial communities.  相似文献   

9.
An investigation of surface phytoplankton communities was undertaken on the shelf of the northern Benguela upwelling ecosystem during austral autumn (May) and spring (September), along latitudinal transects at 20° S and 23° S, from 2 to 70 nautical miles offshore, as well as on a zigzag grid located between these transects. Microscopic identification of the phytoplankton and CHEMTAX analysis of pigment biomarkers were used to characterise the community composition. During May 2014, warmer, more-saline water with a shallower upper mixed layer corresponding to periods of less-intense offshore Ekman transport was encountered on the shelf. Satellite imagery indicated high phytoplankton biomass extending for a considerable distance from the coast, and CHEMTAX indicated diatoms as dominant at most of the stations (52–92%), although dinoflagellates were dominant at some inshore localities (57–74%). Species of Chaetoceros, Bacteriastrum and Cylindrotheca were the most abundant, with abundance of the Pseudo-nitzschia ‘seriata-group’ being particularly high at a number of stations. In September 2014, more-intense wind-forcing resulted in a deeper upper mixed layer and stronger upwelling of colder, less-saline water. Elevated phytoplankton biomass was confined close to the coast, where diatoms accounted for most of the population (54–87%), whereas small flagellates, such as prasinophytes, haptophytes and cryptophytes, as well as the cyanobacterium Synechococcus, dominated the communities (58–90%) farther from the coast. It is hypothesised that stronger upwelling and deeper vertical mixing in September of that year were not conducive for widespread diatom growth, and that small flagellates populated the water column by being entrained from offshore onto the shelf in the upwelled water that moved in towards the coast.  相似文献   

10.
A giant 800-m-diameter pockmark named REGAB was discovered on the Gabon continental margin actively emitting methane at a water depth of 3200 m. The microbial diversity in sediments from four different assemblages of chemosynthetic organisms, Mytilidae, Vesicomyidae, Siboglinidae and a bacterial mat, was investigated using comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Aggregates of anaerobic methanotrophic archaea (ANME-2) and bacteria of the Desulfosarcina/Desulfococcus cluster were found in all four chemosynthetic habitats. Fluorescence in situ hybridization targeting the ANME-2/Desulfosarcina/Desulfococcus aggregates showed their presence few centimeters (3–5 cm) below the surface of sediment. 16S rRNA gene sequences from all known marine ANME groups were detected in the pockmark sediments, as well as from both known bacterial partners. The archaeal diversity was limited to the ANME cluster for all investigated samples. The bacterial diversity included members of the Proteobacteria, Bacilliales, Cytophaga/Flavobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, JS1 and Actinobacteria clusters. Bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequences related to those of known sulphide-oxidizing symbionts were recovered from tissues of several invertebrates including vesicomyid clams and siboglinid tubeworms of REGAB.  相似文献   

11.
Anammox is the anaerobic oxidation of ammonium by nitrite or nitrate to yield N2. This process, along with conventional denitrification, contributes to nitrogen loss in oxygen-deficient systems. Anammox is performed by a special group of bacteria belonging to the Planctomycetes phylum. However, information about the distribution, activity, and controlling factors of these anammox bacteria is still limited. Herein, we examine the phylogenetic diversity, vertical distribution, and activity of anammox bacteria in the coastal upwelling region and oxygen minimum zone off northern Chile. The phylogeny of anammox bacteria was studied using primers designed to specifically target 16S rRNA genes from Planctomycetes in samples taken during a cruise in 2004. Anammox bacteria-like sequences affiliated with Candidatus “Scalindua spp.” dominated the 16S rRNA gene clone library. However, 62% of the sequences subgrouped separately within this cluster and together with a single sequence retrieved from the suboxic zone of the freshwater Lake Tanganyika. The vertical distribution and activity of anammox bacteria were explored through CARD-FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization with catalyzed reporter deposition) and 15N labeling incubations, respectively, at two different open-ocean stations during a second cruise in 2005. Anammox bacterial CARD-FISH counts (up to 3000 cells ml−1) and activity (up to 5.75 nmol N2 L−1 d−1) were only detected at the station subjected directly to the upwelling influence. Anammox cell abundance and activity were highest at 50 m depth, which is the upper part of the OMZ. In this layer, a high abundance of cyanobacteria and a marked nitrogen deficit were also observed. Thus, our results show the presence of a new subcluster within the marine anammox phylogeny and indicate high vertical variability in the abundance and activity of anammox bacteria that could be related to an intensification of carbon and nitrogen cycling in the upper part of the OMZ.  相似文献   

12.
A better understanding of bacterioplankton community shifts following change in marine environments is critical to predict the marine ecosystem function. In order to get a snapshot of the microbial taxonomy profiling of a wide range marine area, a quick, convenient and low cost method would be favorable. In this study, we developed a 16S rRNA gene-based microarray using ARB software, which contained 447 probes targeting 160 families of marine bacteria. The specificity, sensitivity and quantitative capability of this microarray were assessed by single cloned16S rRNA genes. The reliability of this microarray was tested by eight environmental samples. The results showed that the microarray was specific, only 1.16% false results were detected in five single-clone hybridization tests. The microarray could detect DNA samples as few as 1 ng/μL and the signal intensity could reflect the relative abundance of the bacteria in the range of 1 ng/μL to 100 ng/μL of DNA concentration. Hybridization with environmental samples showed that it can discriminate bacterioplankton communities by sites and time. High throughput sequencing results from the eight samples confirmed the hybridization results. It indicated that this developed microarray could be used as a convenient tool to monitor the bacterioplankton community in marine environment.  相似文献   

13.
宁波北仑港冬季浮游细菌多样性研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
采用分子生物学方法对宁波北仑港冬季水体中的浮游细菌多样性进行了研究.提取水样中细菌基因组总DNA,以细菌16S rDNA通用引物进行PCR扩增,扩增产物经分子克隆、测序与序列分析,对水样中的细菌建立了16S rDNA克隆文库和系统发生树.结果表明,浮游细菌群落具有较高的多样性,34个克隆子分属2个不同的细菌类群,6个克隆子属于未知类群,优势细菌类群为Pro-teobacteria类群（变形菌类群）,占80%;细菌优势类群顺序为β-Proteobacteria类群（32.5%）、γ-Proteobacteria类群（25%）、α-Proteobacteria类群（15%）、ε-proteobacteria类群（7.5%）、Firmicutes类群（厚壁菌类群）（5%）.这一结果与近年来国内外有关港口微生物多样性的报道较为一致.用DNAStar中Clustalw程序从测序的40个克隆子中选出17个OTU进行系统发育分析,同样表明浮游细菌多样性较强.  相似文献   

14.
孙向楠  胡晓珂  王慧 《海洋与湖沼》2015,46(6):1304-1311
应用分子生态学方法, 研究在不同芳香族化合物胁迫下海洋沉积物中细菌群落结构的演替 规律。在实验室建立驯化系统, 在海洋沉积物中分别添加芘和苯甲酸钠, 采用Illumina MiSeq 高通量 测序技术分析实验组和对照组细菌群落16S rRNA 基因V3-V4 可变区数量的组成及变化, 研究沉积物 中添加芘、苯甲酸钠后, 微生物群落多样性和群落结构的变化。实验结果表明: 芘、苯甲酸钠极大地 降低了海洋沉积物中菌群丰度和多样性; 在添加苯甲酸钠的实验组, 变形杆菌门中海杆菌属 (Marinobacter)、假海源菌属(Pseudidiomarina)的细菌显著富集; 在添加芘实验组中拟杆菌门中的 Balneola 属、碳酸噬胞菌属(Aequorivita)极大富集。初步分析了在海洋沉积物环境中不同多环芳烃胁迫 下细菌群落结构的演替特征, 实验结果为海洋环境中针对不同芳香烃的微生物修复提供理论依据。  相似文献   

15.
The response of Arctic microbial communities to a variety of natural organic matter substrates, including peat, ice algae and ice-rafted debris was examined using bacterial regrowth experiments and compared to unamended controls. Bacterial growth and production were followed together with the phylogenetic composition using length-heterogeneity polymerase chain reaction (LH-PCR), and 16S rRNA gene cloning and sequencing. Intact phospholipids (IPLs) and fatty acids evaluated the relationship between lipids and bacterial community structure and the impact of varied organic substrates on microbial lipid synthesis. Differential responses to organic matter sources were observed, with ice algae supporting both higher bacterial growth and production than terrestrial-derived peat. In spite of disparate growth kinetics, the community composition remained similar in all amended incubations as was confirmed by automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (ARISA). Gammaproteobacteria dominated the initial incubations, whereas in extended incubations with terrestrial peat Alphaproteobacteria dominated; in particular Sulfitobacter phylotypes closely related (>99%) to an Arctic sea-ice-associated member of the Roseobacter clade (ARK10278). Arctic bacterioplankton preferentially synthesized two phospholipids, phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylglygerol (PG), with 18:0n, 18:1Δ11, 16:0n and 16:1Δ9 as the primary fatty acids. Overall, results show that organic matter source plays an important role in structuring bacterioplankton community composition, with similar IPL and fatty acid lipid distributions observed among phylogenetically distinct bacteria.  相似文献   

16.
细菌性疾病对珊瑚的健康影响造成了很大影响,而致病菌与珊瑚疾病之间的对应性还不明朗。色素异常现象是野外澄黄滨珊瑚一种常见的不健康状态。我们采用Illumina 16s rRNA基因高通量测序技术比较分析了健康和色素异常澄黄滨珊瑚共生细菌的群落组成差异。色素异常澄黄滨珊瑚共生细菌的多样性明显高于健康澄黄滨珊瑚,同时两种珊瑚的共生细菌群落组成也有很大差异。一些特定的细菌类群在澄黄滨珊瑚共生细菌中的比例很高,推测这些细菌种类可能是导致澄黄滨珊瑚色素异常的“罪魁祸首”。  相似文献   

17.
We tested the idea that bacterial cells with high nucleic acid content (HNA cells) are the active component of marine bacterioplankton assemblages, while bacteria with low nucleic acid content (LNA cells) are inactive, with a large data set (>1700 discrete samples) based on flow cytometric analysis of bacterioplankton in the Northeast Pacific Ocean off the coast of Oregon and northern California, USA. Samples were collected in the upper 150 m of the water column from the coast to 250 km offshore during 14 cruises from March 2001 to September 2003. During this period, a wide range of trophic states was encountered, from dense diatom blooms (chlorophyll-a concentrations up to 43 μg l−1) at shelf stations during upwelling season (March–September) to lower chlorophyll-a concentrations (0.1–5 μg l−1) during winter (November–February) and at basin stations (>1700 m depth). We found only weakly positive relations of log total bacterial abundance to log chlorophyll-a concentration (as a proxy for availability of organic substrate), and of HNA bacteria as a fraction of total bacteria to log chlorophyll-a. Abundance of HNA and LNA bacteria co-varied positively in all regions, although HNA bacteria were more responsive to high phytoplankton biomass in shelf waters than in slope and basin waters. Since LNA cell abundance in general showed responses similar to those of HNA cell abundance to changes in phytoplankton biomass, our data do not support the hypothesis that HNA cells are the sole active component of marine bacterioplankton.  相似文献   

18.
为探究雾、霾、沙尘等多种天气下生物气溶胶中细菌群落结构特征,于2017年12月—2018年4月采集了青岛晴天和多种特殊天气下的大气生物气溶胶样品,运用16S rRNA高通量测序方法分析了样品中细菌群落结构。结果表明,在雾、霾、沙尘天均检测到对人体健康存在潜在危害的条件致病菌,其中变形菌门(Proteobacteria)均是优势细菌门,不受天气条件变化影响;霾天时其相对丰度最大。除此以外,沙尘和霾发生时,细菌群落结构显著变化,丰富度和多样性高于晴天,但随霾污染程度的加剧,群落丰富度和多样性下降;雾天多样性下降,丰富度变化不显著。在霾天,不同气团来源中细菌群落结构也存在显著差异。属水平上,霾天不动杆菌(Acinetobacter)和鞘氨醇单胞菌(Sphingomonas)占主导地位;雾天微球菌(Micrococcus)、副球菌(Paracoccus)和假单胞菌(Pseudomonas)占主导地位;沙尘天的优势菌为芽孢杆菌(Bacillus)。RDA分析显示O3是影响菌群的主要环境因子。  相似文献   

19.
The identification of bacterial community structure has led, since the beginning of the 1990s, to the idea that bacterioplankton populations are stratified in the water column and that diverse lineages with mostly unknown phenotypes dominate marine microbial communities. The diversity of depth-related assemblages is also reflected in their patterns of activities, as bacteria affiliated to different groups can express different activities in a given ecosystem. We analysed bacterial assemblages (DGGE fingerprinting) and their activities (prokaryotic carbon production, protease, phosphatase, chitinase, beta-glucosidase and lipase activities) in two areas in the Ross Sea, differing mainly in their productivity regime: two stations are located in the Terra Nova Bay polynya area (highly productive during summer) and two close to Cape Adare (low phytoplankton biomass and activity). At every station a pronounced stratification of bacterial assemblages was identified, highlighting epipelagic communities differing substantially from the mesopelagic and the bathypelagic communities. Multivariate analysis suggested that pressure and indirectly light-affected variables (i.e. oxygen and fluorescence) had a great effect on the bacterial communities outcompeting the possible influences of temperature and dissolved organic carbon concentration. Generally activities decreased with depth even though a signal of the Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW) at one of the northern stations corresponded to an increase in some of the degradative activities, generating some ‘hot spots’ in the profile. We also found that similar assemblages express similar metabolic requirements reflected in analogous patterns of activity (similar degradative potential and leucine uptake rate). Furthermore, the presence of eukaryotic chloroplasts’ 16S rDNA in deep samples highlighted how in some cases the dense surface-water formation (in this case High Salinity Shelf Water—HSSW) and downwelling can affect, at least for some phylotypes, the bacterial (16S rDNA based) community structure of the dark ocean.  相似文献   

20.
A sediment core MD05-2902 was collected from the deep-sea basin of the Xisha Trough. The vertical distribution and diversity of bacteria in the core was investigated through ten sub-sampling with an interval of 1 m using bacterial 16 S rRNA gene as a phylogenetic bio-marker. Eighteen phylogenetic groups were identified from 16 S rRNA gene clone libraries. The dominant bacterial groups were JS1, Planctomycetes and Chloroflexi, which accounted for 30.6%, 16.6%, and 15.6% of bacterial clones in the libraries, respectively. In order to reveal the relationship between biotic and abiotic data, a nonmetric multidimensional scaling analysis was performed. The result revealed that the δ15N, δ13C, total organic carbon and total organic nitrogen possibly influenced the bacterial community structure. This study expanded our knowledge of the biogeochemical cycling in the Xisha Trough sediment.  相似文献   

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