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1.
闽南近海常见鲨鳐类肝油的四种理化常数和角鲨烯含量 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
本文分析测定了闽南近海常见鲨鳐类肝油的理化常数和角鲨烯含量。尖头斜齿鲨肝油的碘值特别高，说明其中脂肪酸的不饱和程度很高；非皂化物含量很低，约占肝油重的38×10－3（m／m）；角鲨烯含量极微，在肝油中仅占84×10－5（m／m）。闽南近海常见鲨鳐类肝油的角鲨烯含量均很低，变化在（31～116）×10－5（m／m）之间。在相同的气相色谱条件下，小孔沙条鲨和狭纹虎鲨肝油中没有检测到角鲨烯。 相似文献
2.
闽南近海尖头斜齿鲨Scoliodon sorrakowah肝油的脂肪酸组成中，主要的饱和脂肪酸包括C14：0，C16：0，C18：0；单不饱和脂肪酸包括C16：1，C18：1ω7，C20：1；多不饱和脂肪酸包括C20：4ω6，C20：5ω3，C22：5ω3和C22：6ω3。尖头斜齿鲨肝油总饱和脂肪酸和总单不饱和脂肪酸含量在6月份降至最低值，8-9月升至最高值，总饱和脂肪酸的季节变化规律主要由C16：0决定，总单不饱和脂肪酸的变化主要由C16：1和C18：1ω9决定，总多不饱和脂肪酸含量在6月份达到最高值，8-9用降到最低值，11月份又上升至一定水平，这种变化主要由C22：6ω3决定。 相似文献
3.
本研究采用冷冻 解冻的方法提取鳐鱼肝粗脂肪油,并利用响应面法优化了精炼过程中影响较大的脱酸工艺,分析了精炼后鳐鱼肝油的理化性质、脂肪酸组成及含量变化。结果表明：使用5%(质量分数)脱胶剂脱胶,20%(质量分数)氢氧化钠、75 ℃加热20 min进行脱酸,8%(质量分数)活性白土脱色,以及减压蒸馏(60 r/min,40 ℃)60 min脱臭的鳐鱼肝油精炼工艺为最优精炼工艺条件,所得精炼鳐鱼肝油呈色及各项理化性质均符合国家一级鱼油标准。脂肪酸组成与粗鳐鱼肝油、鳕鱼肝油以及鲨鱼肝油无明显差别,均含有C14~C22脂肪酸23种,但在含量上存在一定差别,其中精炼鳐鱼肝油中EPA含量为8.65%,低于粗鳐鱼肝油(10.17%),远高于鲨鱼肝油(2.74%),约等于鳕鱼肝油(8.78%)。精炼鳐鱼肝油中DHA含量则为最高,为15.04%。 相似文献
4.
温度、光照、pH值对后棘藻生长及脂肪酸含量的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
报道了环境因子对富含 EPA (2 0∶ 5ω3)的海洋微藻后棘藻 (Ellipsoidion sp.) 70 - 0 1的生长速度、总脂及脂肪酸含量的影响。结果表明 ,后棘藻具有较快的生长速度和较高的脂肪酸含量 ,总脂含量为 31～ 36 % ,主要脂肪酸为 14∶ 0、16∶ 0、16∶ 1、18∶ 1ω9、18∶ 1ω7、18∶ 2 ω6、2 0∶ 4 ω6、2 0∶ 5ω3。生长的温度范围为 15～ 30℃ ,2 5℃时生长速度最快。温度对总脂含量影响很小 ,但对EPA和 PUFA含量影响较大。在 2 5℃时有最大的 EPA和 PUFA含量。适宜光强为 10 8.75μmolm-2 s-1～ 2 4 4 .15μmolm-2 s-1,在 145.54μmolm-2 s-1时 EPA产率较大。在起始 p H6 .5～ 9范围内 ,p H8.5时有最大的生长速率和总脂含量 ,而 EPA和 PUFA在起始 p H7.5时最大 ,分别占脂肪酸的 18.77%和 2 3.38%。实验条件下后棘藻 EPA产率最大的条件为温度 2 5℃ ,光强 145.54μmolm-2 s-1,p H为 7.5～ 8.5。 相似文献
5.
两种甲藻和两种硅藻脂肪酸组成的比较研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
研究了4种海洋微藻的脂肪酸组成。研究结果显示,锥状斯氏藻(Scrippsiella trochoidea)和海洋原甲藻(Prorocentrum micans)的主要脂肪酸有16:0、18:4ω3、18:5ω3、20:3ω6、22:6ω3,中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)和角毛藻(Chaetoceros sp.)的主要脂肪酸为14:0、16:0、16:1ω7、20:5ω3。两种甲藻和两种硅藻分别都表现出典型的甲藻门和硅藻门的脂肪酸特征。从总脂肪酸、PUFA、ω3和ω6脂肪酸的含量来看,单位干质量的两种甲藻能够比两种硅藻提供更多的脂肪酸类营养物质。但是某些动物生长发育所必需的脂肪酸(如20:5ω3)在硅藻中的含量却高于甲藻。因此实际应用中单种饵料往往不能提供足够的营养物质,通常需要将不同饵料混合以获得营养价值更高的饵料。对4种微藻的脂肪酸组成进行聚类分析和主成分分析,结果不仅反映了4种微藻在分类上亲缘关系的远近,也反映了几种微藻各自的脂肪酸组成特征。 相似文献
6.
基于脂肪酸标记的长江口海区浮游动物常见种食性分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
脂肪酸不仅是浮游动物的重要组分,也被作为生物标记来指示动物的食物组成及其之间的营养关系。本文运用脂肪酸标记法对长江口附近海区6个浮游动物常见种的食性进行了分析。研究结果表明,中华哲水蚤(Calanus sinicus)雌体和桡足幼体都表现出明显的植食性。但雌体中16:1ω7的含量要明显高于18:4ω3,表明雌体对硅藻的摄食较多;桡足幼体的18:4ω3要高于雌体,说明桡足幼体对甲藻的摄食较多。磷虾(Euphausia spp.)的多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)和ω3系列脂肪酸的含量很高,说明其作为饵料可以给摄食者提供较多的脂类营养物质。中华哲水蚤和磷虾较低的22:6ω3/20:5ω3比值说明他们的营养地位较低。箭虫(Sagitta spp.)的20:1和22:1脂肪酸含量很高,指示了其对植食性桡足类的摄食。蝶水母(Ocyropsis crystallina)、瓜水母(Bero cucumis)和四叶小舌水母(Liriopetetraphylla)的20:1+22:1脂肪酸所占比例较高,指示了其对植食性桡足类的摄食,但是水母类的总脂肪酸含量都很低。几种水母和箭虫的22:6ω3的含量要明显高于20:5ω3的含量,说明它们在浮游食物网中具有较高的营养地位。 相似文献
7.
野生中国对虾(Penaeus chinensis)脂肪酸的组成类似于其他的海洋动物,即雌、雄虾的肝胰脏和肌肉中,棕榈酸(16:0)和n-3族高不饱和脂肪酸(如20:5n-3和22:6n-3)占优势。野生虾体内含有的脂肪酸种类,尤其是高不饱和脂肪酸的种类多于养殖虾。野生虾肝胰脏中主要脂肪酸为16:0(20.0～22.5%),18:0(2.5～2.9%),18:1 n-9(12.3～14.0%),18:2 n-6(2.4～2.6%),20:5 n-3(6.1～6.6%)和22:6 n-3(7.1～7.5%)。肌肉中的主要脂肪酸种类大致与肝胰脏中相同。养殖虾中除了18:2 n-6(6.3～13.0%)高于和16:l(3.6～4.2%)低于野生虾外,其余的基本类似。野生虾比养殖虾有较高水平的n-3族和较低水平的n-6族不饱和脂肪酸,且野生虾n-3/n-6族脂肪酸的比率同样大于养殖虾。 相似文献
8.
在不同氮浓度条件下对红色赤潮藻(Akashiwosanguinea)进行了一次性培养,研究了其生长过程中脂肪酸含量及组成变化。结果表明:红色赤潮藻脂肪酸含量及组成受初始氮浓度及生长阶段的影响。低氮处理组(0—25μmol/L)脂肪酸含量[(150.02±54.84)—(166.83±46.46)mg/gdw]显著高于其他处理组(P0.05),883μmol/L组最低,约为(86.70±5.66)mg/gdw;各培养组脂肪酸含量随着培养时间的延长而增加,稳定期时脂肪酸含量最高,指数生长前期含量最低。红色赤潮藻含28种脂肪酸,以C16:0、C18:1、C20:5ω3(EPA)和C22:6ω3(DHA)为主,且DHA相对含量较高,最高可占总脂肪酸含量的30.46%。随着初始氮浓度的增加,红色赤潮藻饱和脂肪酸(SFA)和单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)在总脂肪酸中所占比例下降,而多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)所占比例升高。在红色赤潮藻生长过程中,MUFA相对含量在稳定期时较高,而PUFA相对含量在指数生长前期较高。研究结果可为进一步揭示红色赤潮藻赤潮应对环境胁迫的生理响应机制提供依据。 相似文献
9.
对绿藻门和褐藻门8种大型海藻的脂肪酸组成进行了研究,发现两类海藻都有其特征脂肪酸或有几种特征脂肪酸组合做为其化学分类的标记。4种绿藻的主要脂肪酸是16:0、16:1ω7、18:4ω3、18:1ω7、18:2ω6、18:3ω3、18:1ω9,其中18:1ω7和18:3ω3的含量相对较高;4种褐藻中16:0、18:1ω9、18:2ω6、18:3ω3、18:4ω3、20:5ω3、20:4ω6的含量占绝对优势,十八碳和二十碳多不饱和脂肪酸是褐藻门脂肪酸的典型特征。另外,褐藻中含有较高含量的EPA,海带和裙带菜尤为明显。对2门类5属8株海藻所含脂肪酸进行聚类分析的结果显示海藻各门及种间的亲缘关系,表明利用静态条件下海藻脂肪酸的聚类分析结果,可在一定程度上判别海藻在分类上亲缘关系的远近,海藻脂肪酸组成的差异可以作为海藻分类的一个辅助技术手段。 相似文献
10.
采用气相色谱检测的方法,进行大西洋庸鲽精液脂肪酸组成分析及激素GnRHa诱导对其组成影响的研究。结果表明,大西洋庸鲽精液中含量最高的脂肪酸种类为22:6n-3(DHA,二十二碳六烯酸),占总脂肪酸比例25.67%±0.94%;其次为16:0(PA,棕榈酸)、20:5n-3(EPA,二十碳五烯酸);重要必需不饱和脂肪酸20:4n-6(AA,花生四烯酸)含量较低,为1.76%±0.01%。精液中高不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量较高,为44.25%±0.30%;饱和脂肪酸(SAT)含量为27.72%±0.22%。重要脂肪酸比例DHA/EPA为2.33±0.26;EPA/AA为6.30±0.51;n-3/n-6为9.22±0.60。激素诱导未对精液中脂肪酸组成产生显著影响。重要必需脂肪酸DHA、EPA、AA,以及n-3、n-6等重要种类的脂肪酸总量在激素诱导组与非诱导对照组样品间无显著差异;在激素诱导后的三个取样时间的样品间也无显著差异(P0.05)。 相似文献
11.
对不同季节刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)体壁的脂肪酸组成进行了分析.结果表明刺参体壁的脂肪酸组成和相对质量分数具有明显的季节变化.在秋季和冬季,多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)的相对质量分数最高,其次是单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA),饱和脂肪酸(SFA)的相对质量分数最低;春季MUFA的相对质量分数最高,其次是PUFA和SFA;夏季MUFA的相对质量分数最高,其次是SFA,PUFA的相对质量分数最低.在所有季节,相对质量分数最高的SFA和MUFA分别是16:0和16:1n-7,相对质量分数较高的PUFA是20:5n-3,20:4n-6和22:6n-3.n-3PUFA与n-6PUFA相对质量分数比值在1.87～2.42之间,冬季和春季显著高于夏季和秋季(P<0.05). 相似文献
12.
Charles F. Phleger Matthew M. Nelson Ami K. Groce S. Craig Cary Kathryn Coyne John A.E. Gibson Peter D. Nichols 《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2005,52(12):2333-2352
The lipid composition was determined for 5 species of polychaete annelids collected by the Deep Submergence Vehicle ALVIN from high temperature chimneys at the 2500 m depth hydrothermal vent field of the East Pacific Rise. These are the first lipid biomarker analyses reported for these hydrothermal vent polychaetes. Lipid content was low in all samples (1.6–35.9 mg g–1 wet mass) and was dominated by polar lipid (78–90% of total lipid) with 8–19% sterol (ST), and very low storage lipid (triacylglycerol and wax ester). Total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were moderately high (22–31% of total fatty acids (FA)) with extremely low or no docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6(n-3)). Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5(n-3)) levels were 5–6% in Alvinella pompejana and A. caudata and 10.3–13.7% in an errantiate polychaete (likely Hesionidae) and Hesiolyra bergii. There were greater PUFA and a greater EPA/AA (AA is arachidonic acid, 20:4(n-6)) ratio in the anterior versus the posterior half of A. pompejana, which may correlate to the strong temperature gradient reported in its tube. Total nonmethylene interrupted diunsaturated fatty acids (NMID) were 4–9% of total FA for most polychaete species and included several 20:2 and 22:2 components. The principal monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) included 18:1(n-7)c (14–19%), 16:1(n-7)c (2.6–10%) and 20:1(n-11)c (3–7% of total FA). These polychaete species may desaturate and elongate the bacterial-derived 18:1(n-7)c to obtain the essential FA EPA and AA. The major ST in the polychaetes is cholesterol (89–98% of total ST) with less cholesterol in the gut contents of A. pompejana. Other ST included 24-ethylcholesterol (1.5–5% of total ST) with lesser amounts of 24-methylenecholesterol, desmosterol, lathosterol, 24-methylcholesterol, 24-ethylcholesterol, and the stanols dehydrocholestanol and cholestanol. The high ST levels could play a role in thermal adaptation of membranes at the hydrothermal vent environment. Differences in the FA profiles separated the closely related species A. pompejana and A. caudata from Paralvinella grasslei, H. bergii, and the errantiate polychaete (likely Hesionidae). 相似文献
13.
《Marine Chemistry》2002,78(1):9-28
In Euphausia pacifica specimens, phospholipids (PL, 44.1–81.2%) such as phosphatidylethanolamine (PE, mean±standard error, 26.1±2.1%) and phosphatidylcholine (PC, 29.0±2.3%) were found to be the dominant lipids. Compared to many other marine organisms, the level of PL was markedly high. The major fatty acids in the TAG of E. pacifica were saturated fatty acids (SFA, 14:0 and 16:0), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA, 16:1 and 18:1), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA, 18:4 n−3 and 20:5 n−3, icosapentaenoic acid: EPA). The only fatty acids found in the tissue PL were SFA (16:0), MUFA (18:1), and PUFA (20:4 n−6, arachidonic acid: AA, EPA, and 22:6 n−3, docosahexaenoic acids: DHA). The comparatively high levels of 14:0, 16:0, 16:1 n−7, 16:2 n−4, 16:4 n−1, 18:1 n−7, 18:1 n−9, 18:4 n−3, and EPA in the TAG may be affected by the lipid composition of its phytoplankton prey, such as diatoms, which generally contain high amounts of these fatty acids. The levels of short chain 14:0, 16:1 n−7, 16:2 n−4, 16:4 n−1, 18:1 n−9, and 18:4 n−3 decreased in PL, while AA, EPA, and DHA increased. In particular, the levels of n−3 PUFA in PL were markedly high in all specimens. The mean proportion of EPA plus DHA accounted for more than 45% (55.0% in PE and 47.7% in PC) of the total fatty acids. These results suggest that E. pacifica, which contains markedly high levels of EPA and DHA, may biosynthesize these PUFA by carbon chain elongation and desaturation or selectively accumulate n−3 PUFA. In addition, their lipids may be an important source of n−3 PUFA for higher marine animals, such as the pelagic marine fishes (sardines, anchovies, and other small fishes), which mainly prey on these euphausiids. Marine fish accumulate high levels of these n−3 PUFA because they are unable to synthesize DHA. 相似文献
14.
《African Journal of Marine Science》2013,35(2):313-320
The bearded goby Sufflogobius bibarbatus has come to replace sardine Sardinops sagax in the diets of many top predators within the marine environment off Namibia, and it is playing a key role within the region's foodweb. Previously published information on the diet of the bearded goby has been derived from small samples and has been contradictory. We investigated the gut contents of over 3 500 specimens of S. bibarbatus from two separate studies. The results indicate that the species has a fairly generalised diet, feeding mostly on benthic and pelagic animals (phytoplankton was rare), in a way that reflects ontogeny, habitat and likely prey availability. Smaller, more pelagic individuals included a substantial number of pelagic organisms in their diet and the proportion of benthic organisms increased with the size of the goby. Given the importance of this species in recycling benthic carbon through the foodweb of the northern Benguela ecosystem, there is a need to describe and quantify the benthic food environment. 相似文献
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16.
Graham D. Sherwood Rick M. Rideout Susan B. Fudge George A. Rose 《Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography》2007,54(23-26):2794
Cod populations in Newfoundland and Labrador waters have shown differing growth, condition and recruitment since near-universal declines in these properties during the cold period of the late 1980s and early 1990s. To assess the influence of variable prey communities on these parameters, we compared cod energetics and diet in populations off Labrador and the northeast and south coasts of Newfoundland. Many properties were highest in the southern group(s) and lowest in the northern group(s), including growth, somatic condition, liver index and age-at-maturity. Most differences could be explained by variations in diet, as measured by stomach contents and stable carbon isotopes (δ13C). The diet of Labrador cod consisted almost entirely of northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis), and these cod displayed the most benthic δ13C signatures. Northeast cod had a more varied diet that included capelin and other fish, but still had mostly benthic δ13C signatures, suggesting the importance of benthic prey like shrimp in this population. South coast cod exhibited the most varied diet, including capelin (Mallotus villosus), zooplankton, crabs and other fish, and had the most pelagic δ13C signatures. Among and within populations, the benefits of a more pelagic diet in medium-sized (30–69 cm) cod included higher somatic condition, higher liver index (lipid stores) and greater spawning potential (decreased incidence of atresia). It is hypothesized that major rebuilding of Newfoundland and Labrador cod stocks will require a return to a system that supports mostly pelagic feeding (i.e. capelin) in cod. 相似文献
17.
Young Sound is a deep-sill fjord in NE Greenland (74°N). Sea ice usually begins to form in late September and gains a thickness of 1.5 m topped with 0–40 cm of snow before breaking up in mid-July the following year. Primary production starts in spring when sea ice algae begin to flourish at the ice–water interface. Most biomass accumulation occurs in the lower parts of the sea ice, but sea ice algae are observed throughout the sea ice matrix. However, sea ice algal primary production in the fjord is low and often contributes only a few percent of the annual phytoplankton production. Following the break-up of ice, the immediate increase in light penetration to the water column causes a steep increase in pelagic primary production. Usually, the bloom lasts until August–September when nutrients begin to limit production in surface waters and sea ice starts to form. The grazer community, dominated by copepods, soon takes advantage of the increased phytoplankton production, and on an annual basis their carbon demand (7–11 g C m−2) is similar to phytoplankton production (6–10 g C m−2). Furthermore, the carbon demand of pelagic bacteria amounts to 7–12 g C m−2 yr−1. Thus, the carbon demand of the heterotrophic plankton is approximately twice the estimated pelagic primary production, illustrating the importance of advected carbon from the Greenland Sea and from land in fuelling the ecosystem.In the shallow parts of the fjord (<40 m) benthic primary producers dominate primary production. As a minimum estimate, a total of 41 g C m−2 yr−1 is fixed by primary production, of which phytoplankton contributes 15%, sea ice algae <1%, benthic macrophytes 62% and benthic microphytes 22%. A high and diverse benthic infauna dominated by polychaetes and bivalves exists in these shallow-water sediments (<40 m), which are colonized by benthic primary producers and in direct contact with the pelagic phytoplankton bloom. The annual benthic mineralization is 32 g C m−2 yr−1 of which megafauna accounts for 17%. In deeper waters benthic mineralization is 40% lower than in shallow waters and megafauna, primarily brittle stars, accounts for 27% of the benthic mineralization. The carbon that escapes degradation is permanently accumulated in the sediment, and for the locality investigated a rate of 7 g C m−2 yr−1 was determined.A group of walruses (up to 50 adult males) feed in the area in shallow waters (<40 m) during the short, productive, ice-free period, and they have been shown to be able to consume <3% of the standing stock of bivalves (Hiatella arctica, Mya truncata and Serripes Groenlandicus), or half of the annual bivalve somatic production. Feeding at greater depths is negligible in comparison with their feeding in the bivalve-rich shallow waters. 相似文献
18.
十四株海洋微藻脂肪酸组成的研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
对 4个门的 14株 (红藻门 8株 ,甲藻门 1株 ,隐藻门 2株 ,绿藻门 3株 )海洋微藻进行了脂肪酸含量测定 ,微藻在确定的条件下生长 ,指数生长末期收获。结果表明 ,各门的微藻都有其独特的脂肪酸特征 :红藻中含有大量的 2 0 :4 n- 6和 2 0 :5n- 3,其中紫球藻 R2 5含量最高 ,占总脂肪酸的4 9.8% (AA占总脂肪酸的 2 0 .5% ,EPA占总脂肪酸的 2 9.3% )。隐藻的主要脂肪酸是 16 :0、18:1n- 9、18:3n- 3、18:4 n- 3、2 0 :5n- 3、2 2 :5n- 3。与其它甲藻有别的虫黄藻 ,18:4 n- 3含量很少并且不含EPA,其主要合成的是 16 :0、18:1n- 9和 2 2 :6 n- 3。 C16和 C18的不饱和脂肪酸是本实验研究的 3株绿藻的主要脂肪酸 相似文献
19.
P. Mayzaud J. Laureillard D. Merien A. Brinis C. Godard S. Razouls J.–P. Labat 《Marine Chemistry》2007
Fecal pellets of zooplankton can be important carriers of organic matter from surface to deep waters of the oceans. The summer cruise ANTARES 4 gave us the opportunity to collect zooplankton from the frontal subantarctic zone (station 7 or s-ant) and adjacent subtropical waters (station 8 or s-trop). Triglyceride fatty acid profiles were used to assess the trophic position of two copepods (Metridia lucens and Pleuromamma spp.), three euphausiids (Euphausia spinifera, Nematoscelis megalops, and Thysanoessa sp) and a decapod Acanthephyra sp. The euphausiid E. spinifera was studied at the two sites and its reaction to contrasting trophic environments and hydrology was highlighted by variations in its lipid composition. Most species showed various degree of omnivory: E. spinifera from subantarctic showed the highest degree of herbivory on phytoplankton (high proportion of 16:4(n-1), 18:5(n-3), 16:1(n-7)), while the same species at the subtropical station, as well as Thysanoessa sp and M. lucens from the subantarctic station displayed more omnivorous feeding characteristics, partly linked to the abundance of microzooplankton cells. Acanthephirasp, N. megalops and Pleuromammasp from station 8 (s-trop) appear to be essentially carnivorous (high 18:1n-9/18:1n-7 ratio, high levels of 20:1(n-9) or 22:1(n-11)). The trophic position influenced the composition of feces, with higher PUFA percentages in fecal pellets from carnivorous species. Hence, the surface faunal assemblage and the season controlled not only the quantity but also the quality of the food supply as PUFA exported towards the benthic domain. 相似文献
20.
Thomas B. Stringell Wesley V. Clerveaux Brendan J. Godley Flora E. A. Kent Emma D. G. Lewis Jessica E. Marsh Quinton Phillips Peter B. Richardson Amdeep Sanghera Annette C. Broderick 《Marine Ecology》2016,37(5):1036-1049
Marine turtles are considered keystone consumers in tropical coastal ecosystems and their decline through overexploitation has been implicated in the deterioration of reefs and seagrass pastures in the Caribbean. In the present study, we analysed stomach contents of green (Chelonia mydas) and hawksbill turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata) harvested in the legal turtle fishery of the Turks and Caicos Islands (Caribbean) during 2008–2010. Small juveniles to adult‐sized turtles were sampled. Together with data from habitat surveys, we assessed diet composition and the taxonomic distinctness (and other species diversity measures) in the diets of these sympatric marine turtle species. The diet of green turtles (n = 92) consisted of a total of 47 taxa: including three species of seagrass (present in 99% of individuals), 29 species of algae and eight sponge species. Hawksbill turtles (n = 45) consumed 73 taxa and were largely spongivorous (16 species; sponges present in 100% of individuals) but also foraged on 50 species of algae (present in 73% of individuals) and three species of seagrass. Plastics were found in trace amounts in 4% of green turtle and 9% of hawksbill turtle stomach samples. We expected to find changes in diet that might reflect ontogenetic shifts from small (oceanic‐pelagic) turtles to larger (coastal‐benthic) turtles. Dietary composition (abundance and biomass), however, did not change significantly with turtle size, although average taxonomic distinctness was lower in larger green turtles. There was little overlap in prey between the two turtle species, suggesting niche separation. Taxonomic distinctness routines indicated that green turtles had the most selective diet, whereas hawksbill turtles were less selective than expected when compared with the relative frequency and biomass of diet items. We discuss these findings in relation to the likely important trophic roles that these sympatric turtle species play in reef and seagrass habitats. 相似文献