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1.
1311号强台风“尤特”登陆后给广东带来持续性大范围强降水,对流降水特征显著.分析了“尤特”影响期间大尺度环流背景,重点讨论了此次持续性强降水过程中大气层结问题.发现低空急流向广东输送强的暖平流,是广东大气层结不稳定得以持续维持的根本原因.进一步分析发现,低空急流本身并不是“暖”的,当“尤特”趋向陆地时,陆地上的暖气团在“尤特”环流强迫下向南传播扩散,低空急流穿越这一暖区时温度升高才具备“暖”的特性.这一事实在以前并未被关注到.通过个例反查,在许多登陆后造成连续强降水的台风过程中均发现了这一特征.因此,台风登陆引起环境温度场的演变以及与低空急流的配置需引起重视. 相似文献
2.
强西南季风背景下1311号台风“尤特”的暴雨特征分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对比多年5—9月逐日平均和1311号台风"尤特"登陆期间逐日平均的西南风分量,分析了"尤特"登陆期间的西南季风强度变化特征,同时还分析了"尤特"登陆期间的环流特征和强西南季风背景下暴雨区的水汽条件、热力条件和动力条件。结果表明:(1)此次持续性暴雨过程的逐日西南风分量明显大于多年平均值且维持时间长;(2)"尤特"东南部有低空急流长时间存在,使得水汽源源不断地输入到"尤特"环流中,同时该次过程强降水区域的850 h Pa假相当位温长时间维持在350K以上;(3)此次过程中同一个降水中心在台风外围环流影响和西南季风辐合影响下,其强上升速度区高度明显不同。 相似文献
3.
基于ECMWF的ERA-Interim全球大气再分析资料、MICAPS实况数据和广东省气象观测资料,对比分析了广东惠东高潭1979年、2013年和2018年的三次极端强降水过程的成因。结果表明:造成高潭极端强降水的影响系统有台风本体环流、登陆后的台风残余环流、季风低压外围环流等,其中2018年季风低压影响过程降水量最大;不同过程对流层低层强迫暖湿气流辐合抬升方式不同,分别为冷暖气流相互作用、西南季风和偏南季风地交汇、季风涌、边界层急流等;各过程中伴随的低空西南气流和偏南气流的风速大小差异明显,2013年台风残余环流影响时低空西南(偏南)风风速最大。相同点有:影响天气系统移动缓慢,并长时间维持,为极端强降水的发生发展和维持提供有利的动力条件;西南(偏南)季风、边界层急流或西南气流源源不断的水汽输送,为极端强降水的发展和维持提供了充足的水汽条件,同时低空暖湿气流的输送使得暴雨区大气层结不稳定状态长时间维持,利于持续性强降水的发展。研究结论可为今后高潭及其附近地区极端强降水的预报和决策服务提供理论支撑。 相似文献
4.
0509号台风麦莎的结构与外围暴雨分布特征 总被引：11，自引：5，他引：11
利用地面加密观测资料、FY-2C卫星TBB资料和NCEP再分析资料，对2005年8月6～8日0509号台风麦莎登陆后环流结构及暴雨分布特征进行了综合分析。结果表明：台风麦莎具有明显不对称结构，台风东侧和北侧的积云对流较为旺盛；台风环流地面正涡度中心位于台风东侧，并随着台风北上移向台风东北象限并加强。地面强辐合区随着倒槽发展向偏北方向伸展；850hPa台风环流场表现为东侧和北侧的环流强盛，偏东风低空急流在台风北上过程中从东南风急流转为东北风急流；台风东侧暖，西侧冷，其东北侧有强暖平流输送。200hPa高空急流发展，急流入口区右侧强辐散有利于台风登陆后长时间维持。500hPa强上升运动区与台风外围暴雨区有较好对应关系。 相似文献
5.
利用热带气旋业务资料、业务地面观测、探空观测以及NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,从对流降水分析角度分析了1011号热带气旋“凡亚比”登陆减弱后造成粤西的一次大范围大暴雨局部特大暴雨过程.研究发现,强降水爆发前,粤西上空大气处于强不稳定状态,经中南半岛北部和北部湾输向粤西的一支低空急流爆发性增强,进一步加剧粤西大气不稳定度.在此背景下,低空急流核前缘以及急流与“凡亚比”西侧的西北部在粤西的汇合提供了强对流系统的触发条件.同时讨论了不同大气层结条件下低层动力辐合可能造成的降水性质及降水强度差异,提出一种新的台风登陆减弱后的暴雨业务预报思路. 相似文献
6.
引起“碧利斯”强降水的MCS数值模拟研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
利用多种观测资料和数值模拟,对0604号强热带风暴碧利斯登陆后在湖南、广东等地引发强降水的中尺度对流系统活动特征进行了分析.结果表明,在"碧利斯"登陆后西行减弱过程中,由于西南季风的持续维持,"碧利斯"减弱后的低压环流中仍保持有强降水所需的充足水汽供应,造成局地强降水的MCS十分活跃.ARPS模式较好地模拟了7月15日发生在湖南南部的中尺度降雨过程,并揭示出"碧利斯"变性过程中,环境风场垂直切变结构强迫的次级环流决定了MCS活动特点,同时利用湿Q矢量诊断了低压次级环流的垂直运动特征.造成这次强降水过程的MCS在台风低压切变线以北的偏北潮湿气流中生成发展,低层偏北急流造成的动力辐合效应、对流不稳定性层结的建立是MCS在湖南南部迅速发展的重要原因. 相似文献
7.
应用多种常规观测资料、加密自动气象站资料和NCEP 1°×1°再分析资料,对2013年影响湖南的两次相似路径台风暴雨过程进行了对比分析。研究表明：“尤特”台风暴雨直接由台风环流引起,具有锋前暖区降水的特点;而“天兔”台风暴雨由台风低压倒槽与西风带天气系统相互作用引起的,其降水属于典型的锋面降水。“尤特”由东风带进入西风带,其与副高相对位置的变化是导致其登陆后路径北翘的主要原因。“尤特”低压环流与南海季风相互作用,充沛的水汽输送对台风低压环流的长时间维持以及湘东南暴雨的形成和发展起到了重要的组织和促进作用。而“天兔”登陆后南海季风位置偏南,不利于“天兔”的长时间维持以及向暴雨区的水汽输送。低层暖式切变线附近强辐合与高层强辐散耦合、低层强正涡度与高层负涡度的耦合为“尤特”台风暴雨的发生发展提供了动力条件。由中低层冷空气入侵导致的锋生强迫和高低空急流耦合形成的次级环流,加强了“天兔”低压倒槽内冷暖气流的辐合,是触发倒槽内中尺度对流发展和暴雨产生的重要动力机制。 相似文献
8.
台风“鹦鹉”登陆过程中肇庆降水显著偏弱的原因 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
主要从环流特征、动力条件等方面分析台风“鹦鹉”登陆过程中肇庆市降水显著偏弱的原因：华南沿海特定的环流背景使台风“鹦鹉”在登陆广东过程中形成“偏心”台风,台风降水云团偏向低层环流西南侧,使台风低层环流正面袭击肇庆所带来的降水显著偏弱。而形成“偏心”台风的主要环流背景是对流层高层强盛的南亚高压及其南侧强劲的偏东风急流;同时,台风前进方向上的副热带高压使台风登陆后迅速减弱,也是一方面的原因。此外,动力条件方面,台风登陆后,肇庆市低层为弱的上升运动,中高层是下沉运动,也不利于强降水的发生。 相似文献
9.
"北冕"和"黑格比"台风暴雨对比分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用多种物理量综合诊断分析方法,对路径相似的强热带风暴"北冕"和强台风"黑格比"在西进途中进行水汽来源、不稳定层结的维持等方面的研究,探讨台风及其减弱后的低压环流发生大暴雨的成因.结果表明:"北冕"和"黑格比"路径相似,两次台风大暴雨落区比较一致,而它们减弱后台风低压环流仍对桂西南造成强降水,低空急流的存在是台风低压环流维持并造成强降水的主要因素. 相似文献
10.
台风艾云尼（1804号）第2次登陆广东过程中降水表现出显著的非对称分布,强降水主要位于其路径前进方向的右侧（简称台风右侧）。利用欧洲中期天气预报中心ERA5再分析资料、广东风廓线雷达观测资料以及降水观测资料,对造成非对称降水的环流背景和动力、热力结构演变特征进行了分析。结果表明:艾云尼左右两侧水汽输送及动力、热力条件差异是造成降水非对称的主要原因。加强的低空急流以及台风马力斯（1805号）水汽的输送为台风右侧强降水的产生提供了更好的水汽背景,而低空急流的加强配合高空强的辐散抽吸使得右侧垂直上升运动也明显大于左侧。边界层内强盛的低空急流以及珠江三角洲地区下垫面强摩擦辐合作用导致艾云尼右前侧径向入流强度更强、强入流层厚度更厚、边界层高度更高,且由于距离台风眼墙越近风速越大,上述现象越明显,为强降水的产生提供的动力和水汽条件越好。强降水期间艾云尼右侧低层大气维持不稳定状态,分析表明强低空急流携带的θse平流及其随高度的减弱弥补了强降水造成的能量损耗,是不稳定能量维持的重要原因。 相似文献
11.
Using the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set(ICOADS) and ERA-Interim data, spatial distributions of air-sea temperature difference(ASTD) in the South China Sea(SCS) for the past 35 years are compared,and variations of spatial and temporal distributions of ASTD in this region are addressed using empirical orthogonal function decomposition and wavelet analysis methods. The results indicate that both ICOADS and ERA-Interim data can reflect actual distribution characteristics of ASTD in the SCS, but values of ASTD from the ERA-Interim data are smaller than those of the ICOADS data in the same region. In addition, the ASTD characteristics from the ERA-Interim data are not obvious inshore. A seesaw-type, north-south distribution of ASTD is dominant in the SCS; i.e., a positive peak in the south is associated with a negative peak in the north in November, and a negative peak in the south is accompanied by a positive peak in the north during April and May. Interannual ASTD variations in summer or autumn are decreasing. There is a seesaw-type distribution of ASTD between Beibu Bay and most of the SCS in summer, and the center of large values is in the Nansha Islands area in autumn. The ASTD in the SCS has a strong quasi-3a oscillation period in all seasons, and a quasi-11 a period in winter and spring. The ASTD is positively correlated with the Nio3.4 index in summer and autumn but negatively correlated in spring and winter. 相似文献
12.
Fei LIU Chen XING Jinbao LI Bin WANG Jing CHAI Chaochao GAO Gang HUANG Jian LIU Deliang CHEN 《大气科学进展》2020,37(7):663-670
正The Taal Volcano in Luzon is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes of the Philippines. A recent eruption occurred on 12 January 2020(Fig. 1a), and this volcano is still active with the occurrence of volcanic earthquakes. The eruption has become a deep concern worldwide, not only for its damage on local society, but also for potential hazardous consequences on the Earth's climate and environment. 相似文献
13.
The moving-window correlation analysis was applied to investigate the relationship between autumn Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events and the synchronous autumn precipitation in Huaxi region, based on the daily precipitation, sea surface temperature (SST) and atmospheric circulation data from 1960 to 2012. The correlation curves of IOD and the early modulation of Huaxi region’s autumn precipitation indicated a mutational site appeared in the 1970s. During 1960 to 1979, when the IOD was in positive phase in autumn, the circulations changed from a “W” shape to an ”M” shape at 500 hPa in Asia middle-high latitude region. Cold flux got into the Sichuan province with Northwest flow, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Western Pacific to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation increase in east Huaxi region. During 1980 to 1999, when the IOD in autumn was positive phase, the atmospheric circulation presented a “W” shape at 500 hPa, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Bay of Bengal to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation ascend in west Huaxi region. In summary, the Indian Ocean changed from cold phase to warm phase since the 1970s, caused the instability of the inter-annual relationship between the IOD and the autumn rainfall in Huaxi region. 相似文献
14.
The atmospheric and oceanic conditions before the onset of EP El Ni?o and CP El Ni?o in nearly 30 years are compared and analyzed by using 850 hPa wind, 20℃ isotherm depth, sea surface temperature and the Wheeler and Hendon index. The results are as follows: In the western equatorial Pacific, the occurrence of the anomalously strong westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Its intensity is far stronger than that of the CP El Ni?o. Two months before the El Ni?o, the anomaly westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o have extended to the eastern Pacific region, while the westerly wind anomaly of the CP El Ni?o can only extend to the west of the dateline three months before the El Ni?o and later stay there. Unlike the EP El Ni?o, the CP El Ni?o is always associated with easterly wind anomaly in the eastern equatorial Pacific before its onset. The thermocline depth anomaly of the EP El Ni?o can significantly move eastward and deepen. In addition, we also find that the evolution of thermocline is ahead of the development of the sea surface temperature for the EP El Ni?o. The strong MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o in the western and central Pacific is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Measured by the standard deviation of the zonal wind square, the intensity of MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o is significantly greater than that of the CP El Ni?o before the onset of El Ni?o. 相似文献
15.
Various features of the atmospheric environment affect the number of migratory insects, besides their initial population. However, little is known about the impact of atmospheric low-frequency oscillation(10 to 90 days) on insect migration. A case study was conducted to ascertain the influence of low-frequency atmospheric oscillation on the immigration of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens(Stl), in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces. The results showed the following:(1) The number of immigrating N. lugens from April to June of 2007 through 2016 mainly exhibited a periodic oscillation of 10 to 20 days.(2) The 10-20 d low-frequency number of immigrating N. lugens was significantly correlated with a low-frequency wind field and a geopotential height field at 850 h Pa.(3) During the peak phase of immigration, southwest or south winds served as a driving force and carried N. lugens populations northward, and when in the back of the trough and the front of the ridge, the downward airflow created a favorable condition for N. lugens to land in the study area. In conclusion, the northward migration of N. lugens was influenced by a low-frequency atmospheric circulation based on the analysis of dynamics. This study was the first research connecting atmospheric low-frequency oscillation to insect migration. 相似文献
16.
基于最新的GTAP8 (Global Trade Analysis Project）数据库,使用投入产出法,分析了2004年到2007年全球贸易变化下南北集团贸易隐含碳变化及对全球碳排放的影响。结果显示,随着发展中国家进出口规模扩张,全球贸易隐含碳流向的重心逐渐向发展中国家转移。2004年到2007年,发达国家高端设备制造业和服务业出口以及发展中国家资源、能源密集型行业及中低端制造业出口的趋势加强,该过程的生产转移导致全球碳排放增长4.15亿t,占研究时段全球贸易隐含碳增量的63%。未来发展中国家的出口隐含碳比重还将进一步提高。贸易变化带来的南北集团隐含碳流动变化对全球应对气候变化行动的影响日益突出,发达国家对此负有重要责任。 相似文献
17.
Analysis of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height Characteristics over the Arctic Ocean Using the Aircraft and GPS Soundings 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 正ERRATUM to: Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, 4(2011), 124-130 On page 126 of the printed edition (Issue 2, Volume 4), Fig. 2 was a wrong figure because the contact author made mistake giving the wrong one. The corrected edition has been updated on our website. The editorial office is sincerely sorry for any 相似文献
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《大气科学进展》2014,(6)
正AN Junling;see LI Ying et al.;(5),1221—1232AN Junling;see QU Yu et al.;(4),787-800AN Junling;see WANG Feng et al.;(6),1331-1342Ania POLOMSKA-HARLICK;see Jieshun ZHU et al.;(4),743-754Baek-Min KIM;see Seong-Joong KIM et al.;(4),863-878BAI Tao;see LI Gang et al.;(1),66-84BAO Qing;see YANG Jing et al.;(5),1147—1156BEI Naifang; 相似文献
20.
《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2014,(6)
正Journal of Meteorological Research is an international academic journal in atmospheric sciences edited and published by Acta Meteorologica Sinica Press,sponsored by the Chinese Meteorological Society.It has been acting as a bridge of academic exchange between Chinese and foreign meteorologists and aiming at introduction of the current advancements in atmospheric sciences in China.The journal columns include Articles.Note and Correspondence,and research letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献