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1.
2008年1月一次强降雪冰冻过程的数值模拟与分析 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
采用NCEP 1°×1°再分析资料和常规观测资料,利用中尺度数值模式WRF对2008年1月25-29日发生在长江中下游地区的强降雩冰冻过程进行数值模拟,模拟结果显示:WRF模式可以较好地模拟出此次强降雪冰冻过程高低空环流形势演变特征以及降水雨雪带的分布.诊断分析结果进一步表明,西南低空急流对水汽的输送使得长江中下游地区成为很强的湿度区,为强雨雪冰冻的发生提供了充足的水汽条件.对降雪及冻雨的云微物理过程特征分析表明,中低空-600-900 hPa逆温层的存在与降雪及冻雨的发生密切相关,固态降水粒子经0℃以上逆温层融化后形成过冷却水降落至冷的地面形成冻雨,而雪的形成过程中逆温层的温度小于0℃. 相似文献
2.
根据NECP1°×1°客观再分析资料和常规观测资料,利用中尺度数值模式WRF对2008年1月25—29日长江中下游暴雪冻雨过程进行了数值模拟,结果表明：WRF模式可以很好地模拟出此次强降雪过程高低空环流形势演变特征以及降水带的分布。分析表明,中层西南急流对暖湿空气的输送以及低层冷空气的持续扩散为暴雪和冻雨的发生提供了很好的温度层结条件。云微物理过程特征分析表明,此次暴雪冻雨过程存在多种云系共同降水,中低空600—850 hpa强逆温层尤其是0 ℃层的存在使得雪、冰晶等冰相粒子融化形成过冷却水,是大范围冻雨形成的必要条件,同时也是区分大范围冻雨暴雪形成的重要条件。 相似文献
3.
基于WRF数值模式,采用Lin微物理方案,对中国南方地区一次冷锋降水过程进行模拟试验,并用CloudSat观测数据对模式模拟的云量、云液态水和云冰水含量的垂直分布特征进行检验。结果表明:模式模拟云量的垂直分布范围小于CloudSat观测到的分布范围,模拟的云量在低空往往出现缺失,模式可以较好地模拟出CloudSat探测到的深对流云的分布,但对零散分布的小尺度云团模拟效果较差;模式模拟的云液态水分布范围也小于CloudSat观测到的分布范围,云液态水含量值略低于CloudSat观测值,对CloudSat观测的云液态水含量值较低的区域,模式往往不能模拟出云液态水的存在;模式模拟的云冰水垂直分布特征与CloudSat观测结果较为一致,特别是对冰水含量大值中心的位置模拟效果较好,但模式模拟的云冰水含量值远低于CloudSat观测值。整体来看,模式对云冰水垂直分布的模拟效果优于对云液态水的模拟,但Lin微物理方案对云液态水和云冰水的模拟还需进一步改进与完善。 相似文献
4.
使用WRF 模式对2010 年10 月4-6 日发生在海南岛的特大暴雨过程进行数值模拟和边界条件敏感性试验.敏感试验表明,使用0.5° ′ 0.5°分辨率的GFS 资料作为边界条件模拟效果最好.模拟结果表明,采用4 km 水平格距试验模拟的强降雨中心（1 200 mm）位置、量级与实况强中心（1 084 mm）基本接近,模拟的48 h 雨量在海南岛上呈东多西少的分布特点,与实况基本相符,但模拟的西部降雨较实况偏多.同时利用模拟结果对风场、水汽通量散度、假相当位温、低空急流和散度垂直通量等要素进行了诊断分析,结果表明在热带低压、冷空气和副热带高压的影响下,存在着强低空急流、强水汽辐合中心、大气对流不稳定结构及高低空配合较好的辐散辐合作用,使得本次过程上升运动异常强烈,从而产生特大暴雨. 相似文献
5.
北京延庆山区降雪云物理特征的垂直观测和数值模拟研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于风廓线雷达、云雷达、粒子谱仪、微波辐射计和自动站等垂直观测设备,结合中尺度数值模式WRF对2017年3月23~24日北京延庆海坨山地区的一次降雪过程进行了观测和数值模拟研究。研究结果表明:垂直探测仪器结合中尺度数值模式可以获得降雪的宏观结构和微物理信息,有助于对降雪的深入研究。此次降雪过程由中高层西南及偏南暖湿气流与低层东南偏冷空气交汇造成动力和水汽辐合抬升形成,4~5 km高度处的风切变有利于降雪的增强。上升气流有助于水汽的输送、冰雪转化以及雪晶凝华、聚合,冰晶数浓度中心对应着上升运动顶部。然而此次降雪云系低层过冷云水含量不足,降雪回波<20 dBZ,回波顶高<7 km,雪花垂直下落速度<2 m s-1,地面降水量大值与低层强回波区对应。降雪粒子谱分布范围较窄,以直径1 mm左右的小粒子为主,相态主要为干雪,基本不存在混合相态。 相似文献
6.
同化ATOVS不同类型资料对华北一次暴雪模拟的改进试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《干旱气象》2015,(6)
针对2007年3月2~5日发生在华北地区的一次降雪过程,采用WRF及其3DVAR同化系统,基于ATOVS卫星的红外和微波3类资料以及常规台站资料和TRMM降水资料进行不同循环同化模拟试验,探讨同化ATOVS资料后WRF模式对此次暴雪过程的模拟效果。结果表明:相对于同化常规资料对此次降水强度和中心位置模拟的正效应,AMSU-A、AMSU-B对降水的模拟改进较小,而HIRS对降水的模拟改进最为显著。同时同化AMSU-B、HIRS和常规资料的组合试验对此次降水模拟的效果改进最大,它有效地调整了风场和湿度场的分布,使得在降水中心及邻近地区对流层低层出现明显的水汽辐合区,显著地增强了降水的模拟效果。 相似文献
7.
基于观测资料和中尺度数值模式WRF对2019年2月14日发生在北京地区的一次典型低涡低槽型降雪系统进行了观测资料分析和数值模拟,研究了降雪产生的云微物理机制,探讨了雪的形成过程并进行了人工催化降雪的数值模拟分析。结果表明:低涡前部暖湿平流带来的水汽和低涡切变线附近强烈的上升运动造成了此次区域性大雪;雪的凝华增长、雪降落过程中凇附云水继续长大、云冰自动转换为雪、冰晶和雪碰并聚合是此次降雪的主要微物理过程。催化模拟显示,人工播撒碘化银催化剂之后,云中产生大量冰晶,增多的冰晶通过凝华增长、碰并、聚合、凇附等转换成雪的过程增加,进而造成地面降雪的增加。 相似文献
8.
卫星和雷达资料在暴雨数值预报中的应用研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用美国风暴分析预报中心开发的中尺度模式（Advanced Regional Prediction System,ARPS）的资料分析系统ADAS（ARPS Data Analysis System）,把中国CINRAD/SA、SB多普勒雷达反射率、风云-2E卫星的红外和可见光资料引入模式初始场,利用高分辨率中尺度模式WRF对2012年7月21日中国华北地区暴雨过程进行数值模拟。结果表明：加入雷达和卫星资料的WRF数值模拟,由于修正了中低层水汽,对降水系统预报有一定的调整,预报的降水落区位置和降水量中心值更接近实况;同时加入卫星和雷达资料同化后,明显改善了WRF降水系统预报偏慢的情况。雷达与卫星资料同化对WRF模式降水预报影响不同,雷达资料影响的时间短,只在6 h内预报起作用,而卫星资料影响时间较长,能够改善24 h内的预报。加入卫星和雷达资料,修正了水汽场,使降水预报在开始时间、量级和范围上均有改善,更接近实况。 相似文献
9.
利用常规观测资料、自动站资料及NCEP1°×1°再分析资料对2014年2月4—6日鲁南暴雪过程进行诊断分析。研究表明：（1）500hPa的短波槽,700hPa和850hPa暖式切变线及低空急流是造成这次暴雪的关键影响系统,同时位于华北700hPa的小高压对强降雪的形成也起到关键作用。（2）东南低空气流的移动跟雨区的移动具有很好的对应关系。第一阶段降雪的水汽辐合主要集中在700hPa,第二阶段的水汽辐合集中在对流层低层。（3）此次降雪过程降水相态的温度与厚度判据与经验统计预报指标一致。 相似文献
10.
利用0.5°×0.5°的ECWMF再分析资料,常规气象资料以及西南区域数值预报模式模拟等资料,应用天气分析和诊断方法,对2016年2月21日川西高原中东部的极端暴雪天气过程进行系统分析。结果表明:500hPa贝加尔湖横槽旋转南下使得冷空气并入川西高原中部的低槽中,其与西南暖湿气流交汇产生的锋生以及西南急流存在是此次暴雪天气产生的重要原因;随着副高的北进,此次强降雪开始之前有来自于孟加拉湾和南海的两支水汽输送,西南低空急流稳定维持为此次暴雪提供了充足的水汽。MPV2在此次暴雪过程中起到了重要作用;强降雪主要发生在SVD(Slantwise Vorticity Development)强烈发展的时段内,暴雪落区与SVD发展最强烈的区域重合;西南区域数值预报模式提前6h对此次暴雪的形势场和物理量场都做出了较为准确的预报,其中垂直速度和水汽条件预报与实况最吻合,但降水预报的量级较实况偏弱一个量级,强降水落区比强度预报更准确。 相似文献
11.
Using the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set(ICOADS) and ERA-Interim data, spatial distributions of air-sea temperature difference(ASTD) in the South China Sea(SCS) for the past 35 years are compared,and variations of spatial and temporal distributions of ASTD in this region are addressed using empirical orthogonal function decomposition and wavelet analysis methods. The results indicate that both ICOADS and ERA-Interim data can reflect actual distribution characteristics of ASTD in the SCS, but values of ASTD from the ERA-Interim data are smaller than those of the ICOADS data in the same region. In addition, the ASTD characteristics from the ERA-Interim data are not obvious inshore. A seesaw-type, north-south distribution of ASTD is dominant in the SCS; i.e., a positive peak in the south is associated with a negative peak in the north in November, and a negative peak in the south is accompanied by a positive peak in the north during April and May. Interannual ASTD variations in summer or autumn are decreasing. There is a seesaw-type distribution of ASTD between Beibu Bay and most of the SCS in summer, and the center of large values is in the Nansha Islands area in autumn. The ASTD in the SCS has a strong quasi-3a oscillation period in all seasons, and a quasi-11 a period in winter and spring. The ASTD is positively correlated with the Nio3.4 index in summer and autumn but negatively correlated in spring and winter. 相似文献
12.
Fei LIU Chen XING Jinbao LI Bin WANG Jing CHAI Chaochao GAO Gang HUANG Jian LIU Deliang CHEN 《大气科学进展》2020,37(7):663-670
正The Taal Volcano in Luzon is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes of the Philippines. A recent eruption occurred on 12 January 2020(Fig. 1a), and this volcano is still active with the occurrence of volcanic earthquakes. The eruption has become a deep concern worldwide, not only for its damage on local society, but also for potential hazardous consequences on the Earth's climate and environment. 相似文献
13.
The moving-window correlation analysis was applied to investigate the relationship between autumn Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events and the synchronous autumn precipitation in Huaxi region, based on the daily precipitation, sea surface temperature (SST) and atmospheric circulation data from 1960 to 2012. The correlation curves of IOD and the early modulation of Huaxi region’s autumn precipitation indicated a mutational site appeared in the 1970s. During 1960 to 1979, when the IOD was in positive phase in autumn, the circulations changed from a “W” shape to an ”M” shape at 500 hPa in Asia middle-high latitude region. Cold flux got into the Sichuan province with Northwest flow, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Western Pacific to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation increase in east Huaxi region. During 1980 to 1999, when the IOD in autumn was positive phase, the atmospheric circulation presented a “W” shape at 500 hPa, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Bay of Bengal to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation ascend in west Huaxi region. In summary, the Indian Ocean changed from cold phase to warm phase since the 1970s, caused the instability of the inter-annual relationship between the IOD and the autumn rainfall in Huaxi region. 相似文献
14.
Various features of the atmospheric environment affect the number of migratory insects, besides their initial population. However, little is known about the impact of atmospheric low-frequency oscillation(10 to 90 days) on insect migration. A case study was conducted to ascertain the influence of low-frequency atmospheric oscillation on the immigration of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens(Stl), in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces. The results showed the following:(1) The number of immigrating N. lugens from April to June of 2007 through 2016 mainly exhibited a periodic oscillation of 10 to 20 days.(2) The 10-20 d low-frequency number of immigrating N. lugens was significantly correlated with a low-frequency wind field and a geopotential height field at 850 h Pa.(3) During the peak phase of immigration, southwest or south winds served as a driving force and carried N. lugens populations northward, and when in the back of the trough and the front of the ridge, the downward airflow created a favorable condition for N. lugens to land in the study area. In conclusion, the northward migration of N. lugens was influenced by a low-frequency atmospheric circulation based on the analysis of dynamics. This study was the first research connecting atmospheric low-frequency oscillation to insect migration. 相似文献
15.
The atmospheric and oceanic conditions before the onset of EP El Ni?o and CP El Ni?o in nearly 30 years are compared and analyzed by using 850 hPa wind, 20℃ isotherm depth, sea surface temperature and the Wheeler and Hendon index. The results are as follows: In the western equatorial Pacific, the occurrence of the anomalously strong westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Its intensity is far stronger than that of the CP El Ni?o. Two months before the El Ni?o, the anomaly westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o have extended to the eastern Pacific region, while the westerly wind anomaly of the CP El Ni?o can only extend to the west of the dateline three months before the El Ni?o and later stay there. Unlike the EP El Ni?o, the CP El Ni?o is always associated with easterly wind anomaly in the eastern equatorial Pacific before its onset. The thermocline depth anomaly of the EP El Ni?o can significantly move eastward and deepen. In addition, we also find that the evolution of thermocline is ahead of the development of the sea surface temperature for the EP El Ni?o. The strong MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o in the western and central Pacific is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Measured by the standard deviation of the zonal wind square, the intensity of MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o is significantly greater than that of the CP El Ni?o before the onset of El Ni?o. 相似文献
16.
基于最新的GTAP8 (Global Trade Analysis Project）数据库,使用投入产出法,分析了2004年到2007年全球贸易变化下南北集团贸易隐含碳变化及对全球碳排放的影响。结果显示,随着发展中国家进出口规模扩张,全球贸易隐含碳流向的重心逐渐向发展中国家转移。2004年到2007年,发达国家高端设备制造业和服务业出口以及发展中国家资源、能源密集型行业及中低端制造业出口的趋势加强,该过程的生产转移导致全球碳排放增长4.15亿t,占研究时段全球贸易隐含碳增量的63%。未来发展中国家的出口隐含碳比重还将进一步提高。贸易变化带来的南北集团隐含碳流动变化对全球应对气候变化行动的影响日益突出,发达国家对此负有重要责任。 相似文献
17.
Analysis of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height Characteristics over the Arctic Ocean Using the Aircraft and GPS Soundings 
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下载免费PDF全文 正ERRATUM to: Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, 4(2011), 124-130 On page 126 of the printed edition (Issue 2, Volume 4), Fig. 2 was a wrong figure because the contact author made mistake giving the wrong one. The corrected edition has been updated on our website. The editorial office is sincerely sorry for any 相似文献
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《大气科学进展》2014,(6)
正AN Junling;see LI Ying et al.;(5),1221—1232AN Junling;see QU Yu et al.;(4),787-800AN Junling;see WANG Feng et al.;(6),1331-1342Ania POLOMSKA-HARLICK;see Jieshun ZHU et al.;(4),743-754Baek-Min KIM;see Seong-Joong KIM et al.;(4),863-878BAI Tao;see LI Gang et al.;(1),66-84BAO Qing;see YANG Jing et al.;(5),1147—1156BEI Naifang; 相似文献
20.
《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2014,(6)
正Journal of Meteorological Research is an international academic journal in atmospheric sciences edited and published by Acta Meteorologica Sinica Press,sponsored by the Chinese Meteorological Society.It has been acting as a bridge of academic exchange between Chinese and foreign meteorologists and aiming at introduction of the current advancements in atmospheric sciences in China.The journal columns include Articles.Note and Correspondence,and research letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献