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许多大型能源项目的前期可行性论证工作都必须计算干湿球温度的设计参数,但从2001年开始,按照中国气象局的要求,安徽省各台站陆续将干湿球温度表更换为湿敏电容传感器,至2007年,所有台站的自动观测设备安装完毕.新的自动观测仪器对湿球温度不再进行观测.为了解决缺少资料的问题,设计了一种计算湿球温度的循环迭代算法,并把结果数据与查表计算的结果相比较,误差小于0.1℃的占92.52%,小于0.2℃的占99.49%,结果可靠,与传统查表方法相比,具有方便快捷的特点,适合作为补充历史湿球温度序列的方法,满足了气候应用服务的需要,可以在电站设计标准计算上得到广泛的应用,也可以作为地面历史资料审核程序的有益补充. 相似文献
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湿球温度计算方法及序列连续性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
湿球温度是许多大型工程设计的重要参数,是影响工程安全、投资成本和运营效益的关键因子。停止观测后,寻求合理的湿球温度计算方法及对其的连续性研究迫在眉睫。文章选取牛顿迭代法和最优逼近法,基于江苏省70台站1991—2001、2004年(及13站长年代——近40年)的观测数据检验两种方法的估算偏差及探讨资料的连续性应用。最优逼近法的计算精度高,离散度低,与湿球温度的观测记录吻合好(90.8%~100%),显著优于牛顿迭代法(12.7%~20.1%),且呈现出09—20时符合率较高,日出前后符合率较低的变化特征。近40年的长年代对比分析表明,最优逼近法的计算结果稳定性好,在一定程度上可替代湿球温度的观测值,估算效果在温度高时较好,温度低时相对较弱;并且基于最优逼近法,利用百叶箱柱状干湿表数据估算的时间序列,相对长年代数据的不均一性,对湿球温度数据的连续性研究更为可靠。 相似文献
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确定最终热阱系统的容量时,必须规定设计基准气象参数,首先确认了内陆核电站最终热阱关键气象参数之一为空气湿球温度.选取湖北大畈核电站拟选站址所在地通山县气象站的三种湿球温度数据序列--近10年最热月日最高值、历年最热月日最高值、历年最高值,分别用对数、Gumbel及多项式等3种曲线进行概率拟合,并分别计算了不同重现期的参数值.结果表明:日资料拟合的极值略高于历年最高值的拟合结果,历年最高值的拟合值更接近于实际情况;多项式拟合尽管拟合效果好,但有一个不可突破的最大值,显然具有局限性;选取近10年最热月日最高值进行拟合,可以弥补缺乏长期观测的不足;Gumbel曲线拟合概率误差比对数曲线的小.最终推荐采用Gumbel曲线对历年最高值进行拟合,湖北大畈核电站50年、100年、500年、1000年重现期湿球温度的极值分别为:30.3℃、30.5℃、31.1℃和31.3℃. 相似文献
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两种湿球温度估计方法比较及误差分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
由于我国地面气象观测系统的自动化,停止了湿球温度要素观测.为解决无湿球温度资料给工程设计带来的问题,分别设计了逼近法和多元回归法估计湿球温度.逼近法利用湿球温度与气压、温度、相对湿度的关系,并通过数值求解方法实现;多元回归法以气压、温度、相对湿度、水汽压等要素为因子,建立估计湿球温度回归方程.基于全国134个基准气象站... 相似文献
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利用黄山市屯溪气象站1987～2016年连续30a的降水观测资料,获得降水量统计样本;采用"年最大值法"进行资料选样,按照P—Ⅲ分布、耿贝尔分布和指数分布进行分布曲线拟合得到雨强—重现期—历时(i-P-t)三联表;采用最小二乘法、高斯牛顿法求解暴雨强度分公式和总公式参数,根据误差最小原则确定最优方法,得到黄山市暴雨强度公式。结果表明:耿贝尔分布和指数分布各降水历时下的相对均方根误差比P-Ⅲ分布较小;采用最小二乘法参数组合方法计算分公式和总公式误差比高斯牛顿法较小,精度满足国标要求,是目前较为合适的暴雨强度公式计算方法,推荐为最优的暴雨强度公式。 相似文献
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采用差值统计方法,对南宁市气象观测站、田东县气象观测站、邕宁县气象观测站、五合区域自动气象站2011年1到12月同期资料及南宁市气象观测站1991至2010年20年月平均值资料进行对比分析,以为南宁市气象观测站的观测资料序列延续和台站迁站提供参考. 相似文献
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GPRS支持因特网上广泛应用的TCP/IP协议和X.25协议,作为专业数据的无线网络传输技术,被广泛的应用于各种无人自动气象站。本文分析了GPRS无线网络在气象台站资料传输中应用的特点,并通过实验在OSSMO2004地面气象测报业务软件中利用移动GPRS实现了自动气象站实时资料及天气报文的传输。 相似文献
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利用湖北省荆门市气象站1974—2014年分钟降水数据,采用"年最大值法"进行资料选样,采用指数分布、耿贝尔分布和P-Ⅲ分布进行分布曲线拟合得到雨强一历时一重现期(i-t-T)三联表,采用最小二乘法、高斯牛顿法求解暴雨强度分公式和总公式参数,根据误差最小原则确定最优方法,并将新公式与现用公式计算所得雨强进行比较。结果指出:P-Ⅲ分布各降水历时下的相对均方根误差较小;采用P-Ⅲ分布、最小二乘法参数组合方法计算分公式和P-Ⅲ分布、高斯牛顿法参数组合方法计算总公式误差较小;新分公式和总公式较现用公式算出的对应雨强整体偏大。建议相关排水规划部门在设计地下管网时加大管径的设计。目前,该公式经荆门市政府同意已发布执行。 相似文献
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Using the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set(ICOADS) and ERA-Interim data, spatial distributions of air-sea temperature difference(ASTD) in the South China Sea(SCS) for the past 35 years are compared,and variations of spatial and temporal distributions of ASTD in this region are addressed using empirical orthogonal function decomposition and wavelet analysis methods. The results indicate that both ICOADS and ERA-Interim data can reflect actual distribution characteristics of ASTD in the SCS, but values of ASTD from the ERA-Interim data are smaller than those of the ICOADS data in the same region. In addition, the ASTD characteristics from the ERA-Interim data are not obvious inshore. A seesaw-type, north-south distribution of ASTD is dominant in the SCS; i.e., a positive peak in the south is associated with a negative peak in the north in November, and a negative peak in the south is accompanied by a positive peak in the north during April and May. Interannual ASTD variations in summer or autumn are decreasing. There is a seesaw-type distribution of ASTD between Beibu Bay and most of the SCS in summer, and the center of large values is in the Nansha Islands area in autumn. The ASTD in the SCS has a strong quasi-3a oscillation period in all seasons, and a quasi-11 a period in winter and spring. The ASTD is positively correlated with the Nio3.4 index in summer and autumn but negatively correlated in spring and winter. 相似文献
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Fei LIU Chen XING Jinbao LI Bin WANG Jing CHAI Chaochao GAO Gang HUANG Jian LIU Deliang CHEN 《大气科学进展》2020,37(7):663-670
正The Taal Volcano in Luzon is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes of the Philippines. A recent eruption occurred on 12 January 2020(Fig. 1a), and this volcano is still active with the occurrence of volcanic earthquakes. The eruption has become a deep concern worldwide, not only for its damage on local society, but also for potential hazardous consequences on the Earth's climate and environment. 相似文献
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The moving-window correlation analysis was applied to investigate the relationship between autumn Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events and the synchronous autumn precipitation in Huaxi region, based on the daily precipitation, sea surface temperature (SST) and atmospheric circulation data from 1960 to 2012. The correlation curves of IOD and the early modulation of Huaxi region’s autumn precipitation indicated a mutational site appeared in the 1970s. During 1960 to 1979, when the IOD was in positive phase in autumn, the circulations changed from a “W” shape to an ”M” shape at 500 hPa in Asia middle-high latitude region. Cold flux got into the Sichuan province with Northwest flow, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Western Pacific to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation increase in east Huaxi region. During 1980 to 1999, when the IOD in autumn was positive phase, the atmospheric circulation presented a “W” shape at 500 hPa, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Bay of Bengal to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation ascend in west Huaxi region. In summary, the Indian Ocean changed from cold phase to warm phase since the 1970s, caused the instability of the inter-annual relationship between the IOD and the autumn rainfall in Huaxi region. 相似文献
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Various features of the atmospheric environment affect the number of migratory insects, besides their initial population. However, little is known about the impact of atmospheric low-frequency oscillation(10 to 90 days) on insect migration. A case study was conducted to ascertain the influence of low-frequency atmospheric oscillation on the immigration of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens(Stl), in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces. The results showed the following:(1) The number of immigrating N. lugens from April to June of 2007 through 2016 mainly exhibited a periodic oscillation of 10 to 20 days.(2) The 10-20 d low-frequency number of immigrating N. lugens was significantly correlated with a low-frequency wind field and a geopotential height field at 850 h Pa.(3) During the peak phase of immigration, southwest or south winds served as a driving force and carried N. lugens populations northward, and when in the back of the trough and the front of the ridge, the downward airflow created a favorable condition for N. lugens to land in the study area. In conclusion, the northward migration of N. lugens was influenced by a low-frequency atmospheric circulation based on the analysis of dynamics. This study was the first research connecting atmospheric low-frequency oscillation to insect migration. 相似文献
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The atmospheric and oceanic conditions before the onset of EP El Ni?o and CP El Ni?o in nearly 30 years are compared and analyzed by using 850 hPa wind, 20℃ isotherm depth, sea surface temperature and the Wheeler and Hendon index. The results are as follows: In the western equatorial Pacific, the occurrence of the anomalously strong westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Its intensity is far stronger than that of the CP El Ni?o. Two months before the El Ni?o, the anomaly westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o have extended to the eastern Pacific region, while the westerly wind anomaly of the CP El Ni?o can only extend to the west of the dateline three months before the El Ni?o and later stay there. Unlike the EP El Ni?o, the CP El Ni?o is always associated with easterly wind anomaly in the eastern equatorial Pacific before its onset. The thermocline depth anomaly of the EP El Ni?o can significantly move eastward and deepen. In addition, we also find that the evolution of thermocline is ahead of the development of the sea surface temperature for the EP El Ni?o. The strong MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o in the western and central Pacific is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Measured by the standard deviation of the zonal wind square, the intensity of MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o is significantly greater than that of the CP El Ni?o before the onset of El Ni?o. 相似文献
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基于最新的GTAP8 (Global Trade Analysis Project）数据库,使用投入产出法,分析了2004年到2007年全球贸易变化下南北集团贸易隐含碳变化及对全球碳排放的影响。结果显示,随着发展中国家进出口规模扩张,全球贸易隐含碳流向的重心逐渐向发展中国家转移。2004年到2007年,发达国家高端设备制造业和服务业出口以及发展中国家资源、能源密集型行业及中低端制造业出口的趋势加强,该过程的生产转移导致全球碳排放增长4.15亿t,占研究时段全球贸易隐含碳增量的63%。未来发展中国家的出口隐含碳比重还将进一步提高。贸易变化带来的南北集团隐含碳流动变化对全球应对气候变化行动的影响日益突出,发达国家对此负有重要责任。 相似文献
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Analysis of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height Characteristics over the Arctic Ocean Using the Aircraft and GPS Soundings 
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下载免费PDF全文 正ERRATUM to: Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, 4(2011), 124-130 On page 126 of the printed edition (Issue 2, Volume 4), Fig. 2 was a wrong figure because the contact author made mistake giving the wrong one. The corrected edition has been updated on our website. The editorial office is sincerely sorry for any 相似文献
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《大气科学进展》2014,(6)
正AN Junling;see LI Ying et al.;(5),1221—1232AN Junling;see QU Yu et al.;(4),787-800AN Junling;see WANG Feng et al.;(6),1331-1342Ania POLOMSKA-HARLICK;see Jieshun ZHU et al.;(4),743-754Baek-Min KIM;see Seong-Joong KIM et al.;(4),863-878BAI Tao;see LI Gang et al.;(1),66-84BAO Qing;see YANG Jing et al.;(5),1147—1156BEI Naifang; 相似文献
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《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2014,(6)
正Journal of Meteorological Research is an international academic journal in atmospheric sciences edited and published by Acta Meteorologica Sinica Press,sponsored by the Chinese Meteorological Society.It has been acting as a bridge of academic exchange between Chinese and foreign meteorologists and aiming at introduction of the current advancements in atmospheric sciences in China.The journal columns include Articles.Note and Correspondence,and research letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献