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本文利用2013年1月1日~2015年6月30日贵阳市9个环境监测站的6种主要大气污染物(SO2、NO2、O3、PM10、CO、PM2.5)监测数据,分析了贵阳市主要大气污染物的年变化、日变化特征及降水对首要污染物浓度变化的影响。发现SO2、NO2、PM10、CO、PM2.5浓度为单谷型年变化,夏季浓度最低,冬季浓度最高;O3浓度为双峰型年变化,4、10月分别有两个极大值、11~2月与7月分别为两个极小值;SO2、NO2、PM10、CO、PM2.5浓度日变化呈双峰型特征;O3浓度日变化为单峰型特征;郊区SO2、NO2、PM10、CO、PM2.5日平均浓度低于市区,而郊区O3日平均浓度高于市区。降水对O3的湿清除效果不好,对其余大气污染物的湿清除效果较好,尤其夜间降水对颗粒污染物(PM2.5、PM10)的清除效果优于白天降水,但会使O3浓度明显上升。 相似文献
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《气象与环境学报》2016,(6)
本文基于CUACE系统,利用2015年4—5月沈阳市大气环境观测数据对沈阳地区春季空气质量的预报效果进行了校验和修正。结果表明:CUACE模式对6种污染物(PM10、PM2.5、NO2、O3、SO2和CO)质量浓度的预报值普遍小于观测值,对PM10浓度的预报存在严重低估。CUACE模式预报的沈阳地区春季日首要污染物多为PM2.5,而观测表明沈阳地区春季PM10和PM2.5为日首要污染物的日数相当。同时,CUACE模式预报的空气污染等级与实际观测的空气污染等级相比存在较高的等级偏差率。利用污染物观测浓度和预报浓度之间的线性拟合公式修正CUACE模式的预报结果,修正后首要污染物的预报结果与实际观测结果基本吻合,同时空气污染等级的预报准确率也明显提高,提高幅度为50.0%—80.0%。 相似文献
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利用南昌市环境空气质量监测数据,对比分析了WRF-Chem模式和国家级空气质量预报指导产品对6种污染物浓度的预报效果,并采用时序法、时刻法和标准化法3种训练样本构建方案,利用BP神经网络法对WRF-Chem模式和国家级空气质量预报指导产品6种污染物浓度的预报结果进行订正试验。结果表明:1)WRF-Chem模式预报的6种污染物浓度的预报误差整体比国家级空气质量预报指导产品的预报误差要小,即WRF-Chem模式的预报效果优于国家级空气质量预报指导产品。2)WRF-Chem模式6种污染物浓度预报值与观测值的均方根误差的日变化均呈波动形式,除了O3在10时开始升高到18时达到峰值以外,其余的污染物均是从10时开始下降到16时或18时达到谷值。国家级指导产品6种污染物浓度预报值与观测值的均方根误差日变化则略有不同,除了NO2和O3分别在08时和20时达到谷值以外,其他4种污染物均是在14时达到谷值。3)采用标准化法对CO、SO2、PM10、PM2.5集合订正后的误差比WRF-Chem模式的要小;时刻法、时序法对NO2、SO2、PM2.5集合订正后的误差比WRF-Chem模式的要小,预报效果对单一模式预报结果有一定改进作用。 相似文献
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CAPPS1和CAPPS2数值预报模式对比分析 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
对CAPPS1模式和CAPPS2模式预报广西污染物进行了对比分析。主要对比了其污染扩散原理、气象预报模式、操作系统、运行时间、预报时效及预报效果。分析表明：CAPPS1和CAPPS2模式对各种污染物预报的相关系数均在0．44以上，两种模式预报广西空气污染都是可行的；两种模式均对SO2的预报效果最好，NO2次之，PM10相对最差；CAPPS2模式对各种污染物的预报值与实测值相关系数均比CAPPS1高，其中NO2的相关系数提高幅度最大；CAPPS2模式对NO2和PM10的预报准确率比CAPPS1偏高，而对SO2的预报准确率比CAPPS1偏低；CAPPS2预报首要污染物正确率比CAPPS1高出11个百分点，而预报首要污染物等级正确率则高出9个百分点。 相似文献
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采用2007年8—9月空气质量数据,对CAPPS-3空气质量预报系统进行模拟预报检验。结果表明,从污染物浓度值的模拟预报结果看,SO2的模拟效果优于NO2和PM10;从API指数检验结果看,SO2的模拟效果较好,而PM10模拟效果略差于SO2;从API指数分级检验结果看,SO2的模拟效果最好,PM10次之,而NO2预报结果最差。如果将模拟预报的结果与提前两天的观测值进行对比,预报的准确率会显著提升。总体上看,CAPPS-3空气质量预报系统运行效果良好,经订正后,该模式在奥运期间空气质量预报中得以应用,并取得了较好效果。 相似文献
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CUACE系统在乌鲁木齐空气质量预报中的效果检验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用2013年12月1日—2014年2月28日空气质量观测数据,对CUACE系统在乌鲁木齐空气质量预报中的效果进行离线检验。结果表明,在污染物浓度和空气质量分指数方面,NO2的预报效果优于PM10和PM2.5,28 h预报时效的预报效果优于52 h预报时效;在首要污染物预报结果中,28 h预报时效的总体预报效果优于52 h,28 h预报时效中PM2.5预报正确率为65%;从空气质量等级的预报效果来看,28 h预报时效与52 h预报时效无明显差别,对NO2和PM10的预报准确率达到100%,对PM2.5三级预报准确率达到90%以上,对二、四级预报准确率在70%～80%之间,对五、六级重度污染预报值偏低两个级别或以上。 相似文献
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Using the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set(ICOADS) and ERA-Interim data, spatial distributions of air-sea temperature difference(ASTD) in the South China Sea(SCS) for the past 35 years are compared,and variations of spatial and temporal distributions of ASTD in this region are addressed using empirical orthogonal function decomposition and wavelet analysis methods. The results indicate that both ICOADS and ERA-Interim data can reflect actual distribution characteristics of ASTD in the SCS, but values of ASTD from the ERA-Interim data are smaller than those of the ICOADS data in the same region. In addition, the ASTD characteristics from the ERA-Interim data are not obvious inshore. A seesaw-type, north-south distribution of ASTD is dominant in the SCS; i.e., a positive peak in the south is associated with a negative peak in the north in November, and a negative peak in the south is accompanied by a positive peak in the north during April and May. Interannual ASTD variations in summer or autumn are decreasing. There is a seesaw-type distribution of ASTD between Beibu Bay and most of the SCS in summer, and the center of large values is in the Nansha Islands area in autumn. The ASTD in the SCS has a strong quasi-3a oscillation period in all seasons, and a quasi-11 a period in winter and spring. The ASTD is positively correlated with the Nio3.4 index in summer and autumn but negatively correlated in spring and winter. 相似文献
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Fei LIU Chen XING Jinbao LI Bin WANG Jing CHAI Chaochao GAO Gang HUANG Jian LIU Deliang CHEN 《大气科学进展》2020,37(7):663-670
正The Taal Volcano in Luzon is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes of the Philippines. A recent eruption occurred on 12 January 2020(Fig. 1a), and this volcano is still active with the occurrence of volcanic earthquakes. The eruption has become a deep concern worldwide, not only for its damage on local society, but also for potential hazardous consequences on the Earth's climate and environment. 相似文献
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The moving-window correlation analysis was applied to investigate the relationship between autumn Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events and the synchronous autumn precipitation in Huaxi region, based on the daily precipitation, sea surface temperature (SST) and atmospheric circulation data from 1960 to 2012. The correlation curves of IOD and the early modulation of Huaxi region’s autumn precipitation indicated a mutational site appeared in the 1970s. During 1960 to 1979, when the IOD was in positive phase in autumn, the circulations changed from a “W” shape to an ”M” shape at 500 hPa in Asia middle-high latitude region. Cold flux got into the Sichuan province with Northwest flow, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Western Pacific to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation increase in east Huaxi region. During 1980 to 1999, when the IOD in autumn was positive phase, the atmospheric circulation presented a “W” shape at 500 hPa, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Bay of Bengal to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation ascend in west Huaxi region. In summary, the Indian Ocean changed from cold phase to warm phase since the 1970s, caused the instability of the inter-annual relationship between the IOD and the autumn rainfall in Huaxi region. 相似文献
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The atmospheric and oceanic conditions before the onset of EP El Ni?o and CP El Ni?o in nearly 30 years are compared and analyzed by using 850 hPa wind, 20℃ isotherm depth, sea surface temperature and the Wheeler and Hendon index. The results are as follows: In the western equatorial Pacific, the occurrence of the anomalously strong westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Its intensity is far stronger than that of the CP El Ni?o. Two months before the El Ni?o, the anomaly westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o have extended to the eastern Pacific region, while the westerly wind anomaly of the CP El Ni?o can only extend to the west of the dateline three months before the El Ni?o and later stay there. Unlike the EP El Ni?o, the CP El Ni?o is always associated with easterly wind anomaly in the eastern equatorial Pacific before its onset. The thermocline depth anomaly of the EP El Ni?o can significantly move eastward and deepen. In addition, we also find that the evolution of thermocline is ahead of the development of the sea surface temperature for the EP El Ni?o. The strong MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o in the western and central Pacific is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Measured by the standard deviation of the zonal wind square, the intensity of MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o is significantly greater than that of the CP El Ni?o before the onset of El Ni?o. 相似文献
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Various features of the atmospheric environment affect the number of migratory insects, besides their initial population. However, little is known about the impact of atmospheric low-frequency oscillation(10 to 90 days) on insect migration. A case study was conducted to ascertain the influence of low-frequency atmospheric oscillation on the immigration of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens(Stl), in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces. The results showed the following:(1) The number of immigrating N. lugens from April to June of 2007 through 2016 mainly exhibited a periodic oscillation of 10 to 20 days.(2) The 10-20 d low-frequency number of immigrating N. lugens was significantly correlated with a low-frequency wind field and a geopotential height field at 850 h Pa.(3) During the peak phase of immigration, southwest or south winds served as a driving force and carried N. lugens populations northward, and when in the back of the trough and the front of the ridge, the downward airflow created a favorable condition for N. lugens to land in the study area. In conclusion, the northward migration of N. lugens was influenced by a low-frequency atmospheric circulation based on the analysis of dynamics. This study was the first research connecting atmospheric low-frequency oscillation to insect migration. 相似文献
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基于最新的GTAP8 (Global Trade Analysis Project）数据库,使用投入产出法,分析了2004年到2007年全球贸易变化下南北集团贸易隐含碳变化及对全球碳排放的影响。结果显示,随着发展中国家进出口规模扩张,全球贸易隐含碳流向的重心逐渐向发展中国家转移。2004年到2007年,发达国家高端设备制造业和服务业出口以及发展中国家资源、能源密集型行业及中低端制造业出口的趋势加强,该过程的生产转移导致全球碳排放增长4.15亿t,占研究时段全球贸易隐含碳增量的63%。未来发展中国家的出口隐含碳比重还将进一步提高。贸易变化带来的南北集团隐含碳流动变化对全球应对气候变化行动的影响日益突出,发达国家对此负有重要责任。 相似文献
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Analysis of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height Characteristics over the Arctic Ocean Using the Aircraft and GPS Soundings 
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下载免费PDF全文 正ERRATUM to: Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, 4(2011), 124-130 On page 126 of the printed edition (Issue 2, Volume 4), Fig. 2 was a wrong figure because the contact author made mistake giving the wrong one. The corrected edition has been updated on our website. The editorial office is sincerely sorry for any 相似文献
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《大气科学进展》2014,(6)
正AN Junling;see LI Ying et al.;(5),1221—1232AN Junling;see QU Yu et al.;(4),787-800AN Junling;see WANG Feng et al.;(6),1331-1342Ania POLOMSKA-HARLICK;see Jieshun ZHU et al.;(4),743-754Baek-Min KIM;see Seong-Joong KIM et al.;(4),863-878BAI Tao;see LI Gang et al.;(1),66-84BAO Qing;see YANG Jing et al.;(5),1147—1156BEI Naifang; 相似文献
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《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2014,(6)
正Journal of Meteorological Research is an international academic journal in atmospheric sciences edited and published by Acta Meteorologica Sinica Press,sponsored by the Chinese Meteorological Society.It has been acting as a bridge of academic exchange between Chinese and foreign meteorologists and aiming at introduction of the current advancements in atmospheric sciences in China.The journal columns include Articles.Note and Correspondence,and research letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献