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1.
两种再分析资料与RS92探空资料的比较分析   总被引:8,自引:1,他引:7  
利用2008年5~12月在安徽寿县获得的逐6小时RS92探空资料,与同期的NCEP/NCAR和ERA-Interim两种再分析资料(6h)进行比较分析,计算分析了标准气压层上探空与再分析资料的温度、纬向风、经向风和相对湿度的相关系数、偏差和平均绝对差。结果表明:在所有标准层高度,ERA-Interim再分析资料与探空资料的相关优于NCEP再分析资料的与探空资料的相关,温度和风速再分析资料与探空资料的相关优于相对湿度的相关;温度再分析资料与探空资料的相关系数在1000~250hPa接近1,在250hPa以上随高度减小,ERA-Interim与探空资料的偏差的绝对值基本小于0.3℃,而NCEP与探空资料的偏差绝对值在1000hPa上要大一倍;纬向风再分析资料与探空资料的相关系数在对流层中高层大于对流层低层和平流层低层,经向风的相关在对流层随高度增加,在平流层低层迅速减小;风速再分析资料与探空资料的偏差绝对值小于1m·s-1;相对湿度再分析资料与探空资料的相关随高度减小,偏差在400~100hPa层较大,达10%~20%,在更高层小于10%。  相似文献   

2.
用11年的全球无线电掩星数据(COSMIC),无线电探空数据(IGRA)以及欧洲中心再分析资料(ERA-Interim)对全球大气边界层高度(PBLH)进行估算比较.结果表明:(1)在1200 UTC和0000 UTC,由ERA-Interim和IGRA数据估算得到的全球PBLH空间分布较为一致,相关性较好,在白天正午时候太阳辐射能力较强,对流活动频繁,估算得到的大气边界层高度较高.(2)由COSMIC掩星数据估算得到的边界层高度比探空数据和再分析数据估算结果整体偏大.(3) COSMIC掩星数据,IGRA探空数据以及ERA-Interim再分析资料估算结果都表明边界层高度在低纬度地区偏大,高纬度地区偏小.(4)分析不同数据估算边界层高度纬向季节性差异表明,IGRA探空数据和COSMIC数据间差异为-1700m至-500m,IGRA与ERA-Interim之间的差异为-500m至250m.此外,对于大多数纬度而言,三个数据集之间的差异在冬季较大,在夏季较小.  相似文献   

3.
中国探空观测与第3代再分析大气湿度资料的对比研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
为评估中国探空观测与第3代再分析大气湿度资料的差异,基于ERA-Interim、JRA-55、MERRA和CFSR再分析和中国118探空站1979-2015年逐月850-300 hPa大气比湿和相对湿度的原始值及均一化序列,通过分析探空与再分析资料的相对偏差、相关系数、标准差比和变化趋势,研究了两者在多年平均值、年际变率、离散度及长期变化趋势等方面的差异。结果表明,中国探空原始湿度序列存在显著的非均一性问题,均一化提高了序列的连续性,但存在显著的低偏差,总体较原始湿度偏低5%-43%。再分析中国平均对流层大气比湿和相对湿度较探空观测偏高,相对湿度的偏差幅度(7%-48%)较比湿大(4%-13%),对流层高层较低层大,春秋季偏差较夏季显著。各再分析资料间的差别较小,JRA-55在对流层高层较其他再分析资料偏低,与探空观测较接近。再分析与均一化后中国探空比湿和相对湿度年际变率和离散度在对流层低层较为一致,对流层中高层再分析资料的离散度明显高于探空。再分析与均一化探空中国平均比湿在对流层低层一致呈上升趋势;对流层中层探空为上升趋势,再分析资料为下降趋势。再分析与均一化探空相对湿度变化趋势差异较大,探空为上升趋势且对流层中高层上升显著,对流层再分析为下降趋势。   相似文献   

4.
基于中国台湾地区主持的侵台台风之飞机侦察及下投式探空仪观测实验(Dropwindsonde Observations for Typhoon Surveillance near the Taiwan Region,DOTSTAR)获得的高分辨率下投式探空仪探测资料,分析了2003年9月—2012年8月所有发生在中国台湾地区附近海域的台风型大气波导事件,遴选出一次由0920号超强台风“卢碧”引起的强台风型海上大气波导过程作为研究对象。利用欧洲中期数值预报中心(ECMWF)再分析资料(水平分辨率0.125°×0.125°),对此次波导的生成原因进行了分析;基于WRF模式比较了不同初始化方法对台风强度、尺度和周围台风型大气波导的模拟能力。结果表明,此次强台风型大气波导发生在台风环流西北侧外围的弱下沉运动区,其形成与850 hPa高度附近北方强干空气平流导致湿度随高度锐减密切相关。在数值模拟中运用台风动力初始化方法,可以有效改进台风强度、路径和尺度的模拟效果,进而有利于改善台风型大气波导尤其是波导层所在高度的模拟效果。台风外围出现的大气波导通常以悬空波导为主,模拟效果与台风螺旋雨带和内核尺度的模拟关系密切,而与台风强度和眼墙结构关系不大。中尺度数值模式WRF具有模拟台风型大气波导的能力,是研究台风型大气波导的有力手段。   相似文献   

5.
基于探空资料与空间分辨率为3°×3°、2.5°×2.5°、2°×2°、1.5°×1.5°、1.125°×1.125°、1°×1°、0.75°×0.75°、0.5°×0.5°的ERA-Interim再分析资料,运用气候倾向率和线性插补法,分析了1979—2012年高亚洲地区夏季自由大气0℃层高度的时空变化特征,并探讨了其与纬度、海拔的关系,以及不同空间分辨率的ERA-Interim再分析资料与探空实测资料之间的相关性。结果表明:不同空间分辨率的ERA-Interim再分析资料与探空实测资料得到的0℃层高度自20世纪70年代末以来普遍表现为上升趋势,并且分辨率为0.75°×0.75°的再分析资料所得的0℃层高度在4800~5000 m之间波动与探空实测资料所得的0℃层高度接近。不同空间分辨率的ERA-Interim再分析数据与探空实测数据得到的0℃层高度有相似的空间分布,并且其空间变化通常与纬度和海拔相关。高亚洲地区0℃层高度表现出了从北到南,从低海拔到高海拔增加的趋势。从1979—2012年将不同空间分辨率的ERA-Interim再分析数据插值到各个站点得到绝大部分站点的内插格点数据与实测资料偏差为负值,也就是说再分析资料得到的0℃层高度与探空实测结果存在冷偏差,并且分辨率相对较高的ERA-Interim再分析资料与探空实测结果的冷偏差较小的比例更大。  相似文献   

6.
王传辉  姚叶青  时刚 《气象》2018,44(9):1220-1228
通过对比江淮地区1992-2016年08和20时的ERA-Interim再分析资料与观测资料的温度要素,发现它们在垂直方向上的偏差存在从低层到高层先减小后增大的特点,对流层低层各站偏差的空间差异明显,到中高层各站偏差趋于一致。偏差存在明显年际变化,500 hPa及以上等压面在2000年前后再分析资料比观测资料存在由偏低向偏高的转折;除地面外,其他高度上两种资料的平均绝对偏差均呈显著减小趋势。在偏差的月际分布上,地面和500 hPa以上高度再分析资料普遍比观测资料偏高,各高度上平均绝对偏差在8-9月最小。进一步对各天气现象下两种资料比较发现,雪、雨夹雪、冰粒子和冻雨天气发生时,地面至1000 hPa和850 hPa上再分析资料比观测资料偏高;大雾天气发生时,再分析资料比观测资料在1000 hPa偏高幅度明显高于地面。可见,在江淮地区使用ERA-Interim再分析温度资料判别降水相态时,大气边界层和850 hPa温度需慎重使用,近地层虚假逆温对大雾判别会产生很大影响。  相似文献   

7.
利用中国西北地区2015年9月至2016年8月38个站点L波段探空观测、2016年7月加密探空观测和ERA-Interim边界层高度资料,对比分析了西北地区大气边界层高度变化特征。观测资料表明,在中国西北地区,08:00(北京时,下同)冬季边界层高度最高; 20:00春季边界层高度最高,边界层高度从西部到东部有显著降低的趋势。ERA-Interim资料基本能表现出边界层高度的区域分布,但相对于探空观测得到的边界层高度,除夏季20:00外,ERA-Interim再分析资料边界层高度均偏低。全年平均而言,08:00(20:00)偏低160 m(170 m),其中在08:00(20:00),冬季(春季)偏低最显著。08:00边界层高度与低层稳定度、近地层温度和风速相关更加显著; 20:00边界层高度与低层稳定度和相对湿度相关更加显著。2016年7月加密观测资料对比表明,ERA-Interim资料的对流(中性)边界层高度显著偏高;低层稳定度、相对湿度偏小,风速偏大可能是造成边界层高度偏高的原因; ERA-Interim资料的稳定边界层高度偏低,与低层稳定度和近地层温度偏低相关,但其影响因素相对更加复杂。  相似文献   

8.
基于南极18个站点探空气象观测数据对欧洲中期天气预报中心的再分析数据(ERA-Interim)和美国国家环境预报中心的再分析数据(NECP)在南极地区高层大气的适用性进行验证。结果表明:在南极上空,随着高度抬升,探空气象观测数据与两套再分析数据中四个气象要素的差值均逐渐变大,再分析数据数值愈加偏离实际观测数值。两套再分析数据的位势高度和温度与探空观测数据偏差较小;风向则和探空观测数据相差甚远;两套再分析数据的风速与探空观测数据在300 hPa偏差较大。在季节变化中,南极的春季,再分析数据中的位势高度和温度与探空观测数据相差较大,在其他季节相差相对较小。再分析数据中的风速与探空观测数据在南极的夏季相差较小。再分析数据中的风向与探空观测数据存在较大偏差,且差值没有明显的季节变化。尽管两套再分析数据都存在很大偏差,但ERA-Interim数据整体上优于NCEP数据。对比分析也表明,采用这些再分析资料作为初始条件和边界条件驱动南极区域大气模式将带来较大的误差。未来需要加强南极探空观测,改进再分析资料同化和数值模拟系统。  相似文献   

9.
利用探空资料和地面观测资料,对1959—2008年发生在江西的典型冻雨天气过程的大气垂直结构进行了分析。结果表明:冻雨的形成与大气饱和层、冰晶层、暖层、逆温层、冷层及特征物理量等因素的关系密切。对流层中下层的大气呈饱和或准饱和的逆温状态,饱和层顶位于暖层之上是冻雨发生的主要层结特征。冰晶层底部的平均高度为675hPa,平均厚度为2309m;暖层底部的平均高度为834hPa,平均温度为4.1℃,平均厚度为1765m;逆温层的平均温差为7.5℃;冷层的平均厚度为1668m,平均最低温度为-3.9℃;平均地面最低温度为-1.2℃;冻雨发生时大气整层比湿积分指数须增大为1000以上,干暖盖强度指数须降到-5℃以下。  相似文献   

10.
NCEP再分析资料在强对流环境分析中的应用   总被引:11,自引:3,他引:8       下载免费PDF全文
为考察NCEP再分析资料在我国强对流天气产生环境分析中的适用性,选取2002—2009年多普勒天气雷达识别的60例超级单体风暴个例,对比分析常规探空资料和NCEP再分析资料提取的温、湿、风垂直廓线,结果表明:NCEP再分析资料计算的对流有效位能因对抬升气团湿度敏感而与观测间差异较大,宜用K指数、温度直减率分析大气层结稳定度;因对流层中高层风与探空差异不大,其中500~700 hPa的风与探空近乎一致,因此NCEP再分析资料计算的深层、中层风垂直切变参量可靠性较高;NCEP再分析资料水汽参数与探空资料差异大,特别是在大气边界层,需用观测资料订正;边界层物理量,特别是风向与探空差异显著,因此不宜用NCEP再分析资料讨论雷暴触发问题;平均而言,NCEP再分析资料湿度廓线低层偏干而中层偏湿,925 hPa以上风速偏小,降低了强对流发生概率。  相似文献   

11.
Using the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set(ICOADS) and ERA-Interim data, spatial distributions of air-sea temperature difference(ASTD) in the South China Sea(SCS) for the past 35 years are compared,and variations of spatial and temporal distributions of ASTD in this region are addressed using empirical orthogonal function decomposition and wavelet analysis methods. The results indicate that both ICOADS and ERA-Interim data can reflect actual distribution characteristics of ASTD in the SCS, but values of ASTD from the ERA-Interim data are smaller than those of the ICOADS data in the same region. In addition, the ASTD characteristics from the ERA-Interim data are not obvious inshore. A seesaw-type, north-south distribution of ASTD is dominant in the SCS; i.e., a positive peak in the south is associated with a negative peak in the north in November, and a negative peak in the south is accompanied by a positive peak in the north during April and May. Interannual ASTD variations in summer or autumn are decreasing. There is a seesaw-type distribution of ASTD between Beibu Bay and most of the SCS in summer, and the center of large values is in the Nansha Islands area in autumn. The ASTD in the SCS has a strong quasi-3a oscillation period in all seasons, and a quasi-11 a period in winter and spring. The ASTD is positively correlated with the Nio3.4 index in summer and autumn but negatively correlated in spring and winter.  相似文献   

12.
正The Taal Volcano in Luzon is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes of the Philippines. A recent eruption occurred on 12 January 2020(Fig. 1a), and this volcano is still active with the occurrence of volcanic earthquakes. The eruption has become a deep concern worldwide, not only for its damage on local society, but also for potential hazardous consequences on the Earth's climate and environment.  相似文献   

13.
The moving-window correlation analysis was applied to investigate the relationship between autumn Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events and the synchronous autumn precipitation in Huaxi region, based on the daily precipitation, sea surface temperature (SST) and atmospheric circulation data from 1960 to 2012. The correlation curves of IOD and the early modulation of Huaxi region’s autumn precipitation indicated a mutational site appeared in the 1970s. During 1960 to 1979, when the IOD was in positive phase in autumn, the circulations changed from a “W” shape to an ”M” shape at 500 hPa in Asia middle-high latitude region. Cold flux got into the Sichuan province with Northwest flow, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Western Pacific to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation increase in east Huaxi region. During 1980 to 1999, when the IOD in autumn was positive phase, the atmospheric circulation presented a “W” shape at 500 hPa, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Bay of Bengal to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation ascend in west Huaxi region. In summary, the Indian Ocean changed from cold phase to warm phase since the 1970s, caused the instability of the inter-annual relationship between the IOD and the autumn rainfall in Huaxi region.  相似文献   

14.
The atmospheric and oceanic conditions before the onset of EP El Ni?o and CP El Ni?o in nearly 30 years are compared and analyzed by using 850 hPa wind, 20℃ isotherm depth, sea surface temperature and the Wheeler and Hendon index. The results are as follows: In the western equatorial Pacific, the occurrence of the anomalously strong westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Its intensity is far stronger than that of the CP El Ni?o. Two months before the El Ni?o, the anomaly westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o have extended to the eastern Pacific region, while the westerly wind anomaly of the CP El Ni?o can only extend to the west of the dateline three months before the El Ni?o and later stay there. Unlike the EP El Ni?o, the CP El Ni?o is always associated with easterly wind anomaly in the eastern equatorial Pacific before its onset. The thermocline depth anomaly of the EP El Ni?o can significantly move eastward and deepen. In addition, we also find that the evolution of thermocline is ahead of the development of the sea surface temperature for the EP El Ni?o. The strong MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o in the western and central Pacific is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Measured by the standard deviation of the zonal wind square, the intensity of MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o is significantly greater than that of the CP El Ni?o before the onset of El Ni?o.  相似文献   

15.
Various features of the atmospheric environment affect the number of migratory insects, besides their initial population. However, little is known about the impact of atmospheric low-frequency oscillation(10 to 90 days) on insect migration. A case study was conducted to ascertain the influence of low-frequency atmospheric oscillation on the immigration of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens(Stl), in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces. The results showed the following:(1) The number of immigrating N. lugens from April to June of 2007 through 2016 mainly exhibited a periodic oscillation of 10 to 20 days.(2) The 10-20 d low-frequency number of immigrating N. lugens was significantly correlated with a low-frequency wind field and a geopotential height field at 850 h Pa.(3) During the peak phase of immigration, southwest or south winds served as a driving force and carried N. lugens populations northward, and when in the back of the trough and the front of the ridge, the downward airflow created a favorable condition for N. lugens to land in the study area. In conclusion, the northward migration of N. lugens was influenced by a low-frequency atmospheric circulation based on the analysis of dynamics. This study was the first research connecting atmospheric low-frequency oscillation to insect migration.  相似文献   

16.
基于最新的GTAP8 (Global Trade Analysis Project)数据库,使用投入产出法,分析了2004年到2007年全球贸易变化下南北集团贸易隐含碳变化及对全球碳排放的影响。结果显示,随着发展中国家进出口规模扩张,全球贸易隐含碳流向的重心逐渐向发展中国家转移。2004年到2007年,发达国家高端设备制造业和服务业出口以及发展中国家资源、能源密集型行业及中低端制造业出口的趋势加强,该过程的生产转移导致全球碳排放增长4.15亿t,占研究时段全球贸易隐含碳增量的63%。未来发展中国家的出口隐含碳比重还将进一步提高。贸易变化带来的南北集团隐含碳流动变化对全球应对气候变化行动的影响日益突出,发达国家对此负有重要责任。  相似文献   

17.
正ERRATUM to: Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, 4(2011), 124-130 On page 126 of the printed edition (Issue 2, Volume 4), Fig. 2 was a wrong figure because the contact author made mistake giving the wrong one. The corrected edition has been updated on our website. The editorial office is sincerely sorry for any  相似文献   

18.
19.
Index to Vol.31     
正AN Junling;see LI Ying et al.;(5),1221—1232AN Junling;see QU Yu et al.;(4),787-800AN Junling;see WANG Feng et al.;(6),1331-1342Ania POLOMSKA-HARLICK;see Jieshun ZHU et al.;(4),743-754Baek-Min KIM;see Seong-Joong KIM et al.;(4),863-878BAI Tao;see LI Gang et al.;(1),66-84BAO Qing;see YANG Jing et al.;(5),1147—1156BEI Naifang;  相似文献   

20.
正Journal of Meteorological Research is an international academic journal in atmospheric sciences edited and published by Acta Meteorologica Sinica Press,sponsored by the Chinese Meteorological Society.It has been acting as a bridge of academic exchange between Chinese and foreign meteorologists and aiming at introduction of the current advancements in atmospheric sciences in China.The journal columns include Articles.Note and Correspondence,and research letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome.  相似文献   

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