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1.
大亚湾海水微表层生物—化学研究：Ⅱ.（二）生物—化学特性的周日变化 … 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
１９９８年１１月对大亚湾大鹏澳东山港网箱养殖区进行定点２６h连续观测。结果表明： 海水微表层对Ｃｈｌ－ａ,ＰＯ４－Ｐ无富集作用,对浊度,ＢＯＤ,ＣＯＤ和ＳｉＯ３－Ｓｉ富集,营养盐中氮富集因数的复杂性反映了微表层在调节该养殖区内氮分布上的重要作用;海水微、次表层中部分要素分布和周日变化的差异受生物活动的影响较大。 相似文献
2.
大亚湾微表层和次表层海水营养盐的研究 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
根据1998年秋季（10、11月）、1999年春、秋季（4、5、10月）5个航次对大亚湾海区微、次表层的调查结果，分析了微表层海水对氮、磷、硅营养盐的富集概况，讨论了营养盐与环境因子的关系。结果表明：大亚湾海区微表层海水对氮、磷、硅营养盐均有富集作用，因海况及季节不同，富集因数（EF）与其他海区的有所差别；无论夏季或秋季，大亚湾海区微表层海水中无机氮都以NH4－N为主要存在形态；其余水层则以NO3－N为主要存在形态。结果还表明，微表层、次表层海水中NH4－N与BOD5、COD测值都呈高度显著正相关，与PO4－P和SiO3-Si含量均无相关，说明大亚湾海区水中含氮有机物较含磷有机物丰富。 相似文献
3.
胶州湾海水中DMS和DMSP的分布及其影响因素 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了解人为活动对二甲基硫(DMS)和二甲巯基丙酸(DMSP)生物生产的干扰,分别于2005年8月、11月对胶州湾海域进行采样。测定结果表明:胶州湾海水中8月DMS、DMSPd和DMSPp在次表层的平均含量分别为4.89,17.9和23.93nmol·L-1,在微表层中的平均含量分别为4.58,19.98和21.49nmol·L-1,11月DMS、DMSPd和DMSPp在次表层的平均含量分别为2.07,12.99和16.74nmol·L-1,在微表层中的平均含量分别为1.44,16.13和19.62nmol·L-1。DMS和DMSP的水平分布由于受到陆源输入的影响,呈现出自湾内向湾外递降的趋势。DMS和DMSP的含量夏季高于秋季。DMS和Chl-a在每个季节具有一定的相关性。DMS浓度的增加导致DMS通量增加。对海水微表层和次表层的研究表明,DMS和DMSPp并未在微表层中富集,而DMSPd有一定程度的富集。DMS,DMSP,Chl-a在海水微表层和次表层之间浓度分布的相关性体现了2层水体之间存在强烈的交换作用。 相似文献
4.
《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2017,(1)
于2014年5月15日—6月13日对东海海水营养盐(DIN(溶解无机氮)、SiO_3~(2-)-Si、PO_4~(3-)-P)的水平和垂直分布进行了调查分析,并讨论了其影响因素。结果表明,在研究区域,无论是微表层还是表层,海水营养盐受陆地径流的影响近岸浓度较高。受黑潮次表层水涌升的影响,远海部分站位营养盐出现高值;受陆地径流的影响,长江口断面表层营养盐浓度自西向东递减,底层可能受有机质分解及富含营养盐沉积岩的溶解影响导致营养盐浓度较高。不同营养盐在微表层的富集因子计算结果表明,除PO_4~(3-)-P外,微表层对SiO_3~(2-)-Si、NO_2~--N、NO_3~--N、NH_4~+-N和DIN都产生明显的富集作用,富集因子中位数介于1.05~1.19之间。DH2-1站位的营养盐周日变化结果表明,藻类通过光合作用使得NH_4~+-N、PO_4~(3-)-P、SiO_3~(2-)-Si浓度降低,NH_4~+-N的光化学氧化和硝化作用使NO_2~--N与NO_3~--N浓度变高;DIN中NH_4~+-N对控制藻类细胞丰度起着重要作用。 相似文献
5.
根据中国SOLAS计划2006年4月航次出海调查所得数据，系统地研究了春季黄海表面海水溶解无机碳（DIC）的分布规律，同时，与2005年3月、5月两个航次的DIC调查结果进行了对比。结果表明：（1）DIC浓度由近岸向外海逐渐降低；（2）DIC浓度在海水微表层中明显大于次表层和表层，呈现富集现象；（3）由于海水微表层的多层模型特征和海水微表层中Gibbs吸附异常的共同作用，使DIC含量在海水微表层、次表层和表层中变化趋势呈现非线性；（4）在连续站的周日变化研究中发现，DIC浓度在02：00～03：00时间范围内出现最大值，在13：00～15：00时间范围内出现最小值，呈“单峰”分布规律；（5）对比2005年研究结果，发现黄海春季表面海水中的DIC浓度在3，4，5月份依次降低；（6）DIC与温度和盐度均呈较明显的负相关性。 相似文献
6.
《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2015,(12)
对长江口及邻近海域表层沉积物中的生物硅进行了测定,分析了生物硅的分布特征及影响生物硅保存与分布的因素。结果表明:在整个海域调查范围内,表层沉积物中BSi含量范围为0.14%~0.70%,平均值为0.41%,与世界其他近海沉积物中BSi含量相比,处于中等偏下水平。黏土矿物和粉砂较多的沉积物中富集着更多的BSi,而砂含量较高的沉积物中BSi的含量较低。表层沉积物颗粒比表面积越大,越有利于BSi的赋存和累积。BSi的分布特征和TOC、TN分布存在一定的关联,说明2011年8月长江口及邻近海域表层沉积物中有机物的来源之一可能为硅藻;相对于TOC,BSi有更高保存率。表层沉积物表面富集着丰富的底栖硅藻,这是表层沉积物中BSi比同时期悬浮颗粒物中BSi的平均百分含量高一个数量级的重要原因。调查区域内BSi的沉积通量显著高于沉积物-海水界面SiO2-3-Si的释放通量,说明沉积物-海水界面以BSi的沉积为主,长江口及邻近海域是BSi的汇。 相似文献
7.
为分析海洋微表层这一特殊生境中的细菌类群,于2010—2011年4个航次对北黄海微表层和次表层海水中的总菌丰度、可培养细菌丰度和群落结构进行了分析。采用流式细胞仪测定总菌丰度,平板计数法测定可培养细菌丰度,PCR-16SrDNA分析可培养细菌的群落结构。结果表明,调查海域微表层海水总菌均值为1.76×106 cell/mL,次表层海水总菌均值为1.07×106 cell/mL。可培养细菌丰度范围是1.00×102~1.70×106 CFU/mL,微表层和次表层可培养细菌所占总菌数量的百分比分别为13.05%和0.45%。微表层对总菌的富集因子(EF)均值为2.02,可培养细菌的EF均值为74.16。PCR-16SrDNA序列分析结果表明,该海域可培养细菌分属变形菌门(Proteobacteria)(94.34%)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)(1.89%)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)(1.89%)和放线菌门(Actinobacteria)(1.89%)4个类群。本研究初步发现,微表层对细菌具有较强的聚集作用,尤其对可培养细菌聚集作用更为明显。微表层中可培养细菌的群落结构与次表层有所不同,其种类丰富,来源和功能多样。由此可见,微表层独特的生境成就了其独特的微生物类群,其生态功能有待于进一步研究。 相似文献
8.
西太平洋深海盆地同时发育多金属结核和富稀土沉积物，但针对多金属结核及其表层沉积物之间关系的研究较少。通过多金属结核-表层沉积物地球化学分析，揭示关键金属元素在结核、沉积物中的富集和分馏过程，探讨沉积过程与环境对多金属结核生长的影响。研究区多金属结核具有相对高的Co、REY含量，低的Mn/Fe比值，显示为典型的水成成因。主成分分析及相关性分析结果指示结核的成矿过程是在水成作用、成岩作用以及陆地碎屑、生物碎屑输入的作用下，Fe-Mn氧化物对海水及孔隙水中各类金属元素的选择性富集。研究区表层沉积物主要为深海黏土，相较于多金属结核富集大部分金属元素，深海黏土更为富集Si、Al、Na、K等元素。沉积物中Co、Ni、Cu等金属元素的富集与Fe-Mn微结核的含量相关，而REY与磷酸盐组分更为密切。Fe-Mn氧化物组分对海水中金属元素选择性吸附形成多元素的富集及显著的Ce正异常、Y负异常，而磷酸盐组分主要继承海水的稀土特征，它们的含量决定了沉积物中金属元素及稀土元素的含量和模式。结核及沉积物在关键元素富集的过程中有相似的过程，Fe-Mn氧化物组分是二者元素富集过程的载体。研究区的低生物生产力和低沉积速... 相似文献
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10.
本研究表明,在厦门港、九龙江口海区海-气界面微表层中营养盐(NO2-、NO3-、PO43-)、悬浮颗粒、有机物(POC、PON、DOC)、微量金属(Cu、Ni.Cd)发生富集,平均富集系数([Xt]微表层)/[Xt]15cm深度)大多数在1.0—2.0范围之内.所测定组分主要以溶解态富集为主.溶解有机物和悬浮颗粒的富集可引起其他组分总量和形态分布的变化,各组分的浓度、形态分布及其在微表层的富集系数与站位分布不呈规律性变化,而和采样现场海况密切相关,表明海区微表层的复杂和初态变化的特征. 相似文献
11.
Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
12.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
13.
The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
14.
Coastal inundation associated with extreme sea levels is the main factor which leads to the loss of life and property whenever a severe tropical cyclonic storm hits the Indian coasts. The Andhra and Orissa coasts are most vulnerable for coastal inundation due to extreme rise in sea levels associated with tropical cyclones. Loss of life may be minimized if extreme sea levels and associated coastal flooding is predicted well in advance. Keeping this in view, location specific coastal inundation models are developed and applied for the Andhra and Orissa coasts of India. Several numerical experiments are carried out using the data of past severe cyclones that struck these regions. The simulated inland inundation distances are found to be in general agreement with the reported flooding. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
17.
Hoi-Soo Jung Kap-Sik Jeong Yong-Shik Chu Sung-Hyun Park Ki-Hyune Kim 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(3):181-195
Grain size and water content in box-core sediments from the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone (C-C zone) in the northeast equatorial Pacific were analyzed in detail to understand the downcore variations across a hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Grain-size distributions in the topmost core sediments show two modes: a coarse mode (peaked at 50 μm) and a fine mode (at 2-25 μm). The coarse mode disappears gradually with depth accompanied by the dissolution of siliceous fossil tests, whereas the fine mode coarsens due to the formation of authigenic minerals. Water content increases abruptly across a color boundary between an upper pale brown layer and a lower dark brown layer that is the hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Abundant smectites and microvoid molds, which are created by the prolonged fossil dissolution in the underlying sediment, are attributed for the abrupt downcore variation of water content. Overall variations in grain size and water content in the topmost core sediments in the western C-C zone are possibly constrained by the dissolution of biogenic siliceous fossils. Variations in geotechnical properties related to these changes must be considered in the design of nodule collectors. 相似文献
18.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2001,24(1):27-33
This article concerns an interrelation between the sea levels and the western boundary flow near a tectonic boundary in a local zone in the Northwestern Pacific. In this zone, sea level variations at stations located on the coast facing the Pacific are studied to find the interrelation between variations of the Kurosio flow as an index of the distance of the flow axis off a specific coast. The result is discussed after data processing of the monthly means of the sea levels, and a notice is taken of variations caused by active crustal upheavals during a seismic event, a local earthquake. 相似文献
19.
This study tests the hypothesis that the in situ void ratio of surficial marine sediments may be predicted from shear wave velocity-depth data with a reliability equal to that of other methods currently available. Shear wave velocity is fundamentally controlled by the number of grain-to-grain contacts per unit volume of material and by the effective stress across those contacts. In this study, three previously established empirical formulae are used to predict void ratio from velocity-depth data. Field data were acquired along a transect off the northern Californian coast across which water depth increased from 35 to 70 m and seafloor sediment type varied from sand to silty-sand, respectively. A towed seafloor sled device was used to collect shear wave refraction data, and a marked, systematic decrease in velocity was observed along the line, ranging from 35-70 m/s for the coarse, near-shore material to 25-40 m/s for the finer, offshore deposits. Void ratios predicted from these velocities were compared with data measured directly from box-core samples. Of the formulae used for prediction, two agree remarkably well with the control data. Both predicted and control values increase from 0.6-0.8 for the sandy material to 1.1-1.5 for the silty-sand. Thus, this study does not disprove the hypothesis set and demonstrates the potential of field shear wave velocity-depth data as a means of delineating spatial variation in void ratio for surficial marine sediments in a remote, nondestructive manner. 相似文献
20.
Particulate samples were collected from the Changjiang river system during a flood period, in May 1997, and POC, stable isotope and lipids associated with particles were examined. Results showed the decrease (0.84% ～ 1.88%) of organic carbon content from the upper reaches to the estuary.δ13C values of particulate organic carbon was in the range of -24.9×10-3 to -26.6×10-3, which were close to the isotopic signature of continental C3 vegetation. Total particulate n-alkanes concentrations varied from 1.4 to 10.1μg/dm3,or from 23.7 to 107μg/g of total suspended matter. Fatty acids were present in all the samples, from 1.4 to 5.4μg/dm3, with saturated and unsaturated straight-chain and branched compounds in the carbon number range from C12 to C30. Both δ13C and the ratio of carbon content to nitrogen content indicate the predominance of terrestrial inputs (soil organic matter) among the particles. The biomarker approach has been used to identify the relative portion of terrigenous and autochthonous fraction in the particulate samples. The distribution of fatty acids suggests a striking phytoplanktonic and microbial signal in most particle samples. The terrestrial alkanes are used to estimate the contribution of terrestrial inputs along the mainstream. 相似文献