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1.
Underwater acoustic sensor networks (UASNs) can be employed in a vast range of applications, retrieving accurate and up-to-date information from underneath the ocean's surface. Although widely used by terrestrial sensor networks, radio frequencies (RFs) do not propagate well underwater. Therefore, acoustic channels are employed as an alternative to support long-distance and low-power communication in underwater sensor networks even though acoustic signals suffer from long propagation delay and have very limited bandwidth. In this paper, we introduce an adaptive propagation-delay-tolerant collision-avoidance protocol (APCAP) for the media access control (MAC) sublayer of UASN. The protocol includes an improved handshaking mechanism that improves efficiency and throughput in UASN where there is a large propagation delay. The mechanism guarantees nodes that can potentially interfere with a forthcoming transmission are properly informed. It also allows a node to utilize its idle time while waiting for messages to propagate, which is otherwise wasted by most existing MAC protocols. The simulation results indicate that where employed by UASN, APCAP exhibits good performance and outperforms the other MAC protocols examined in this paper.   相似文献   

2.
随着海洋强国战略的推进和实施,水下传感器网络广泛应用于海洋资源探测、污染监测、辅助导航和水下军事侦察等领域,具有十分重要的意义。由于水下传感器所携电池充电或更换困难,如何减小传输能耗、在传感器能量受限的情况下提升网络生存期是亟须解决的关键问题之一。据此,提出了一种动态蚁群路由算法,考虑了每次传输后的节点剩余能量,作为路径优化的条件之一,基于蚁群算法在每次传输中选择最优路径,并在每次传输完成后更新路由表,让更多的节点参与信息传输,以提高节点的利用率。仿真结果表明:动态蚁群路由算法同时兼顾了能耗平衡和最小传输能耗,大大提高了网络生存期。分析结果对水下传感器网络的路由协议设计有一定的参考意义。  相似文献   

3.
Lifetime Prolonging Algorithms for Underwater Sensor Networks   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
1.IntroductionRecent advances in acoustic communication,sensor networks and ad hoc networks have motivatedthe development of UASNs which are generallyformed by a surface station,autonomous underwater ve-hicles(AUVs)and sensor nodes that possess sensing,si…  相似文献   

4.
对当前典型的水下无线通信网进行分析,针对水声、光、射频3种通信模式在水下无线通信中的优缺点,提出基于软件无线电技术的多模式自适应水下无线通信网络的概念及其框架结构,并对其中的自适应调制解调方式展开研究.结合MAC层协议,提出一种跨层的自适应调制解调解决方案,即通过收发双方的握手信息携带当前信道状态,由发射方根据握手信息,判断双方通信距离,预计信道未来状态,结合需要传输的数据量,自适应选择合适的通信模式和调制方式,并利用握手信号通知接收方,从而实现在通信网络范围内数据或指令的快速可靠传输.  相似文献   

5.
从我国海洋信息观测需求入手,分析海上临时无线组网安全通信基本需要,提出一种基于AES和RSA算法与消息认证码(MAC)组合的一次性双向口令认证协议,并对RSA算法硬件加速评估,优化算法设计,减少资源消耗,解决海上信息采集临时组网通信安全问题。  相似文献   

6.
低功耗无线网络通信潜标设计应用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
介绍了基于802.15.4无线个人网络通信协议和嵌入式模数混合处理器AD 73460在低功耗无线通信潜标系统设计中的应用。内容包括AD 73460(AD I公司的218x系列处理器)和小硬盘在低功耗数据采集电路的设计和基于802.15.4的M AC层无线网络协议芯片(F reesca le公司的M C 13192)在组建无线通信潜标网络中的应用,组建网络的基本形式为星型网络和树型网络。  相似文献   

7.
总结目前已提出的基于地理位置信息的无线传感器网络路由协议存在的问题,着重讨论路由协议中的安全性能,分析GPSR和GEAR存在的能量消耗和安全性能问题,以改进GEAR路由协议。文中将新设计的路由协议的安全性能与GPSR和GEAR进行了比较,结果表明该路由协议不仅可以节省无线传感器节点的能量消耗,而且还可以抵抗一些针对无线传感器网络的特定方式的攻击。  相似文献   

8.
随着对水下目标特性研究的深入和声学探测技术的发展,基于单模态的阵列式信息融合或基于空间信息的分布式信息融合的水下目标识别方法研究已有一定成果,但针对复杂海况导致单一物理场或单一融合层次的系统识别性能提高有限等方面影响的水下目标识别方法研究还有所不足,因此,开展基于多模态深度融合模型的水下目标识别方法研究可利用模态互补,共享信息而提升识别率。文中在国内外研究基础上,深入研究了基于到达时差法和多模态方法组合的检测方法,初步形成了基于水声环境空间中多模态深度融合模型的识别框架,开展了海洋中典型自然与人为事件的信号分析与特征提取,并在此基础上,设计新型基于海底基站的被动识别系统。该系统同步记录和由位置等组成的时间序列标记声、磁和压数据,可实现高精度、高分辨率的识别。本研究可满足未来海洋观测对高性能水下目标探测、定位和跟踪系统的迫切需要,为海洋安全监管、海洋突发事件应急响应等领域提供新的技术手段和科学参考。  相似文献   

9.
水下机器人神经网络滤波技术的研究   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2  
滤波技术能提高水下机器人传感器信息的可靠性和精度 ,以保障水下机器人智能作业的顺利完成。将水下机器人的动力学特性隐式地分布在网络权值上 ,构造BP神经网络 ,进行水下机器人的运动状态预报 ,并将预报值与平滑后的实测数据相结合进行滤波 ,有效去除信号的噪声。仿真结果表明该方法能达到很好的滤波效果  相似文献   

10.
基于LabVIEW的波浪驱动测量系统仿真设计   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
提出了一种通过虚拟仪器软件LabVIEW对水下测量系统进行仿真的方法,通过受力分析,可以近似地模拟出波浪驱动测量系统在水中的工作状态,为系统合理地布放提供有效的搭配方案。  相似文献   

11.
为解决多传感器水下目标纯方位跟踪中的传感器测量衰减问题,建立水下目标静态多传感器纯方位跟踪模型,将传感器测量衰减建模为统计特性已知的随机变量,基于融合中心接收到的各水声传感器的原始测量值,设计了一种集中式状态估计器结构,利用最小方差方法推导出最优的集中式目标状态估计增益。通过算例仿真可以得出,所提出的算法能够在水声传感器不做机动的前提下跟踪目标,弥补了单个水声传感器观测性不足的缺点,对比传统的集中式Kalman估计器,具有更高的精度,能够有效解决传感器测量衰减问题。  相似文献   

12.
模态试验中传感器优化配置的逐步削减法   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
刘娟  黄维平 《海洋工程》2004,22(1):32-36,45
讨论了模态实验中传感器的配置问题。以模态置信度MAC矩阵的最大非对角元为目标函数,利用逐步削减法得到传感器的配置,并保留结构振型矩阵的QR分解得到的自由度,提出了传感器配置必须结合优化效果和经济性两方面综合考虑。以一座具有74个可测自由度的海洋平台为算例,采用逐步削减法得到了12个最优传感器位置,并与逐步累积法进行了比较。  相似文献   

13.
基于时间反转理论的聚焦Lamb波结构损伤成像   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
从理论和实验上研究了时间反转法在频散和多模式的Lamb波结构健康检测方面的应用.当Lamb波在包含有损伤的板类结构中传播时,损伤的存在表现为一个被动波源.采用分布式传感器网络,基于传递函数的观点,通过推导由损伤这个被动波源产生的时间反转波场幅值的表达式,证实了当观察点位于损伤位置时,时间反转波场的幅值最大.为验证时间反转方法的聚焦效应,提出了一种适合于分布的激励/接收传感器网络的成像方法,该方法可以对损伤定位并近似确定损伤尺寸.结合有限元的实验结果显示了Lamb波检测信号的能量可在损伤处聚焦,表明时间反转  相似文献   

14.
Reflection of long sea waves from an underwater slope described by a power law is studied within the shallow water theory. The slope is connected with the flat bottom. This model allows us to estimate the roles of a pointwise reflection from the inflection point of the bottom profile and distributed reflection at the underwater slope. The case of the underwater slope described by the so-called nonreflecting beach (h(x) ∼ x 4/3, where h is the depth of the basin and x is the coordinate) when the wave is reflected only from the inflection point (pointwise reflection) is specially considered. The reflection and transmission coefficients over the bottom topography were calculated, and it was shown that the sum of the squared absolute values of these values differs from unity for all profiles except the nonreflecting one. This difference is related to the distributed re-reflections (resonances) over the underwater slope that lead to the deviations in the wave height from the known Green’s law.  相似文献   

15.
混合驱动自主潜航器融合了自主潜航器机动灵活和水下滑翔机续航能力强的优点,针对自身携带能源有限的问题,对在两种工作模式下如何实现最大航行距离进行了研究.从航行过程中的能源消耗入手,得出航行距离与速度、电子设备功率等的关系,通过理论分析和仿真手段得出最大续航能力的实现方法.在螺旋桨驱动模式下,当以经济航速航行时,可以达到最大航行距离;在浮力驱动模式下,当以最大滑翔效率航行时,水平方向上的滑翔距离最大,并且水平方向上的滑翔距离随着剖面深度的增大而增大,当剖面深度大到一定程度之后,最大滑翔距离趋于恒定.该研究方法可为类似水下航行器电源管理系统的能源分配提供参考,也可为航行器外形的设计和传感器的选型提供理论指导.  相似文献   

16.
随着世界各国海洋开发步伐的加快,对水下传感器网络、水下监视系统、水声预警网络的需求愈来愈迫切,海洋水声通信网络的研究成了世界范围内的研究热点.水声通信网研究面临的主要困难是:海洋声信道的长延时、可用频带有限、严重的时变多途影响、功耗限制、网络安全性等.在分析水下无线通信的特殊环境后,针对水声通信网的多址接入技术进行了研究,选择适合的传输方式及相关协议构建基于OFDM与CDMA技术结合的水下通信网多载波CDMA系统;在matlab上实现多载波CDMA技术的水声通信网络节点对节点的数据传送,并得出了该系统的仿真结果:在帧长一定的情况下,随着信噪比的增大,系统的误码率会减小.在信噪比一定的情况下,子载波数目的进一步增大不会带来系统误码率的改善反而会使系统复杂性增加,降低系统的平均吞吐量,因此子载波数的选择应该在系统复杂性和效率之间折衷考虑.当水声信道上的信噪比一定时,可以通过控制数据帧的长度和子载波的个数来实现较高的网络平均吞吐量.  相似文献   

17.
This paper describes an underwater 3500 m electric manipulator (named Huahai-4E,stands for four functions deep ocean electric manipulator in China),which has been developed at underwater manipulation technology lab in Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) for a test bed of studying of deep ocean manipulation technologies.The manipulator features modular integration joints,and layered architecture control system.The oil-filled,pressure-compensated joint is compactly designed and integrated of a permanent magnet (PM) brushless motor,a drive circuit,a harmonic gear and an angular feedback potentiometer.The underwater control system is based on a network and consisted of three embedded PC/104 computers which are used for servo control,task plan and target sensor respectively.They communicate through User Datagram Protocol (UDP) multicast communication in Vxworks OS.A supervisor PC with a virtual 3D GUI is fiber linked to underwater control system.Furthermore,the manipulator is equipped with a sensor system including a unique ultra-sonic probe array and an underwater camera.Autonomous grasp strategy based multi-sensor is studied.The results of watertight test in 40 MPa,joint’s efficiency test and autonomous grasp experiments in tank are also presented.  相似文献   

18.
This paper describes a new framework for object detection and tracking of AUV including underwater acoustic data interpolation, underwater acoustic images segmentation and underwater objects tracking. This framework is applied to the design of vision-based method for AUV based on the forward looking sonar sensor. First, the real-time data flow (underwater acoustic images) is pre-processed to form the whole underwater acoustic image, and the relevant position information of objects is extracted and determined. An improved method of double threshold segmentation is proposed to resolve the problem that the threshold cannot be adjusted adaptively in the traditional method. Second, a representation of region information is created in light of the Gaussian particle filter. The weighted integration strategy combining the area and invariant moment is proposed to perfect the weight of particles and to enhance the tracking robustness. Results obtained on the real acoustic vision platform of AUV during sea trials are displayed and discussed. They show that the proposed method can detect and track the moving objects underwater online, and it is effective and robust.  相似文献   

19.
A theoretical model for the vertical directionality and depth dependence of high frequency (8 to 50 kHz) ambient noise in the deep ocean is developed. The anisotropic noise field at a variety of depths and frequencies is evaluated and displayed. It was found that at high frequencies and deep depths, a bottom-mounted hydrophone receives the maximum noise energy from overhead rather than from the horizontal. This leads to the consideration of an oblate hydrophone receiving response pattern for underwater tracking ranges that would provide a constant signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for an acoustic source located anywhere in a circular area centered above the hydrophone. Two of the desirable characteristics of this type of pattern are the increase in receiving range of a bottom-mounted sensor and the decrease of the dynamic range of signals that a signal processor must handle.  相似文献   

20.
单水滴击水致水下噪声平均能量密度谱是Medwin雨致噪声理论中的基本参量。基于人工神经网络算法,建立了利用一定粒度分布的水滴群及其击水后的噪声谱反演单水滴致水下噪声能量密度谱的模型。通过分析三种训练模式,得到反演值与真实值的对比及误差指标MSE的起伏性和收敛速度,验证了利用人工神经网络算法研究雨致噪声的有效性。  相似文献   

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