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以国土资源部探矿工程类研究所岩土钻掘技术创新、发展应用及存在问题为切入点，通过简要回顾我国岩土钻掘技术的发展，对我国岩土钻掘技术发展对策进行了研究，提出了我国岩土钻掘技术的发展对策与建议，主要提出了国土资源部探矿工程类研究所岩土钻掘技术既要为国家地质工作提供钻掘技术支撑，更要积极为国家经济建设服务，以及在此基础上建设国家钻掘技术支撑体系、适时进行专业学科结构调整等多条对策和建议。 相似文献
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21世纪初,我国地质钻探技术处于立轴钻机普遍使用、国产绳索取心钻杆只能满足1000 m以内孔深钻进要求、钻探器具相对落后、硬岩地层钻进效率低、复杂地层取心效果差的落后局面。近10多年来,在多个国家重大科学工程项目、国家科技支撑计划、“863”计划、地质大调查专项等科技项目支持下,通过产学研联合攻关,形成了硬岩深井科学钻探技术体系和2000 m以内地质岩心钻探技术体系,浅层取心（取样）钻探技术、新能源勘探开发钻探技术、地质灾害调查和防治钻探技术、定向钻探技术、基础工程施工钻掘技术等都取得了飞速的发展和进步。本文对21世纪我国地质钻探技术与装备、关键器具新进展进行了阐述,并对经济新常态下的发展方向进行了展望。 相似文献
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邱中建，1933年6月生于江苏省南京市，原籍四川省广安县。1953年毕业于重庆大学地质系石油地质专业。毕业后50年来一直从事全国油气勘探工作，早先在祁连山北麓、鄂尔多斯草原进行野外地质调查，后在松辽盆地进行综合研究，并继续在渤海湾盆地胜利油田、四川盆地、我国近海盆地、塔里木盆地等地区进行勘探、生产、研究及组织管理等活动。历任地质技术员、勘探队队长、研究队队长、地质师、室主任、副总地质师、总地质师、中国海洋石油总公司总地质师、石油部勘探司司长、塔里木石油勘探开发指挥部指挥、中国石油天然气总公司副总经理、北京石油勘探开发科学研究院院长、中国石油天然气集团公司咨询中心主任、中国石油学会理事长等职。他是1957年石油系统最早进入松辽盆地进行综合研究的地质工作者，是大庆油田发现者之一。1964年参加胜利油田会战，参与发现了胜坨大型油田。1979年他是首批参加海洋石油对外合作的地质工作者，对发现流花及惠州等大中型油田做出了贡献。1989年组织领导了塔里木石油会战，发现了我国巨大的天然气富集区及克拉2等大型气田，为“西气东输”项目奠定了基础。他曾获国家自然科学一等奖一项，国家科技进步特等奖、一等奖和二等奖各一项。1989年获人事部“中青年有突出贡献专家”称号。1991年获中国石油天然气总公司“有突出贡献科技专家”奖章。1999年当选为中国工程院院士。 相似文献
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《地球科学》1982,(3)
四月二十八日,我院召开科研成果授奖大会,对从全院一九八○——八一年两年所取得的科研成果中评选出的50项优秀科研成果颁发了奖状、奖励证书和奖金。其中有7项成果获一等奖,24项成果获二等奖,19项成果获三等奖。同时,对荣获湖北省一九八一年优秀科研成果三等奖的2项成果也给予了表彰.近年来,我院在努力提高教学质量的同时,紧密结合生产实际,认真执行科研为经济建设服务的方针,积极开展科学研究,取得了较大的成绩。此次授奖的科研成果均在地质普查、矿床勘探、水文地质、物化探及探矿工程等方面为解决当前生产中急需的关键技术和理论问题,或为建立一门新的学科做出了一定贡献。如钾盐地质研究室袁见齐教授等总结多年来从事钾盐地质研究的经验,突破国际上传统的盐类成矿理论——沙洲说,提出具有 相似文献
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通过灵新煤矿—采区北翼、羊场湾—矿南翼井巷工程实际揭露资料与地震勘探所获成果的对比分析,讨论了地震勘探技术所获主要地质成果的准确性以及对矿井建设、生产所起的作用, 并对应用地震勘探成果所获经济效益进行了分析。 相似文献
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分析了国务院《关于加强地质工作的决定》出台后,钻探技术面临的新形势;结合《国家中长期科学和技术发展规划纲要（2006～2020年）》对能源、水和矿产资源勘探开发、环境保护以及天然气水合物勘探开发技术的重视,分析了钻探技术面临的新机遇和新任务。最后提出了我国钻探技术研究发展的新目标。 相似文献
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跨世纪的煤矿勘探新技术 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
随着煤矿综合机械化开采、实行矿井集中生产、提高回采面单产效率的发展,对矿井地质工作提出了愈来愈高的要求。世界各主要产煤国家分别推出并大力研制适应"精细勘探"要求的跨世纪勘探新技术。本文就10项有望成为跨世纪的勘探新技术作了简要介绍。 相似文献
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新年伊始，国务院发布了《国务院关于加强地质工作的决定》和做出了建设创新型国家的决策，适逢今年又是国家“十一五”规划开始实施的第一年，各行各业及各级政府都在根据《国家中长期科学和技术发展纲要》并结合自身实际编制各自的十一五规划和2006～2020年发展规划。探矿工程（岩土钻掘工程）行业在“十五”期间取得了哪些成果？应如何贯彻《国务院关于加强地质工作的决定》？“十一五”有什么发展规划，到2020年能达到什么样的发展目标？这是广大同仁关心和关注的问题。为此，中国地质学会探矿工程专业委员会和《探矿工程（岩土钻掘工 相似文献
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Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
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Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
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Chronological analyses of correlations between certain global repeating events (mass extinctions of marine organisms, meteorite impacts, and flashes in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals) during the Phanerozoic Eon and the motion of the solar system in the Galaxy are presented for five rotationally symmetrical models for the regular Galactic gravitational field. Thirteen of sixteen mass-extinction events can be described by a repetition interval of 183±3 million years. This is in agreement with the anomalistic period (interval between two subsequent passages of the Sun through the apocenter of its Galactic orbit) in the model of Allen and Martos. The positions of the minima and maxima in Gaussian functions approximating the frequency distribution for geomagnetic reversals also agree with the times of passage of the Sun through the apocenter and pericenter, respectively, of its Galactic orbit in this model. The maximum in the distribution of the deviations of the dates of mass extinctions from the nearest dates of impacts of large, crater-forming bodies is close to zero, providing evidence that many such events are correlated. As a rule, extinctions follow impact events. The impacts of large bodies have occurred most often when the solar system passes through the Galactic plane, while mass extinctions occur more often at some distance from the Galactic plane (about 40 pc). As a rule, intervals of increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals coincide with dates of impacts of large bodies. At the same time, these intervals do not show a clear correlation with the dates of mass extinctions. The intensity of mass extinctions, like the energy released by impacts, is consistently higher in periods when the Sun is moving from the apocenter toward the pericenter of its orbit, than when it is moving from the pericenter toward the apocenter. Thus, there is evidence for a variety of relationships between repeating global events in the Phanerozoic and the motion of the Sun in the Galaxy. Long-period variations in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with the orbital motion of the Sun, and increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with impacts. Mass extinctions are correlated with the impacts of large bodies, whose motions may have been perturbed by clouds of interstellar material concentrated toward the Galactic plane and by the shock front associated with the Perseus spiral arm, through which the solar system passes. The velocity of the Sun relative to the spiral pattern is estimated. 相似文献
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摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值问题探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对广珠东线高速公路横沥大桥的试桩及土体的工程地质条件分析,总结出影响摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值的一般问题以及解决问题的方法和措施。 相似文献
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位于华北和扬子两板块碰撞带中的苏鲁榴辉岩形成的温压条件不但是超高压，而且是高温。榴辉岩的PTt轨迹表明其为陆-陆磁撞俯冲带的产物。榴辉岩的区域性围岩花岗质片麻岩为新元古代同碰撞期花岗岩，榴辉岩及其他直接围岩皆呈包体存在于其中，并见新元古代花岗岩呈脉状侵入榴辉岩包体中。区域性围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石中发现有柯石英、绿辉石等包裹体，表明新元古代花岗岩的组成物质也经受过超高压变质作用，且榴辉岩与围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石U-Pb体系同位素年龄基本相同。但新元古代花岗岩所记录的变质作用和变形作用期次（或阶段）却少于榴辉岩。椐上述可得如下推断：超高压榴辉岩与新元古代花岗岩岩浆是同时在碰撞带底部（俯冲板块前部）形成的；榴辉岩的第一折返阶段是由新元古代花岗岩岩浆携带上升的，其第二折返阶段是和新元古代花岗岩一起由逆冲及区域性隆起而上升，遭受剥蚀。 相似文献
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某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
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The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
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The structure of the eastern Pyrenees consists mainly of south-directed thrusts involving basement and cover rocks. An antiformal stack developed by the piling up of basement thrust sheets which outcrop in the Axial zone. These structures account for a thin-skinned thrust model rather than a vertical fault model in which the Axial zone would be essentially autochthonous, and the North-Pyrenean fault the axial plane of a fan thrust system. New data from the Eastern Pyrenees and the thin-skinned model suggest that(1) the structure east of the Pedraforca nappe is similar to that of the Central Pyrenees; (2) the cover rocks of the South-Pyrenean units and of the Axial zone-after restoration—built up a northwards-thickening prism consistent with the existence of a unique Pyrenean sedimentary basin during Mesozoic time; (3) the Axial zone is only a complex antiformal stack developed as a part of South-Pyrenean system related to the Paleogene thrusting-tectonics. The Axial zone palaeogeographic area had no special meaning during Mesozoic time. 相似文献