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在川东北地区下三叠统飞仙关组沉积相模式研究成果的基础上,详细研究了区内鲕粒白云岩、具残余鲕粒结构的粗粉晶-细晶白云岩、泥微晶白云岩、藻纹层白云岩、粗粉晶-细晶白云岩的岩石学特征,并结合碳氧同位素、微量元素、流体包裹体3种地球化学特征资料认为:鲕粒白云岩和具残余结晶鲕粒白云岩为混合水白云石化作用形成;泥微晶白云岩和藻纹层白云岩为回流渗透白云石化作用形成;粗粉晶-细晶白云岩为埋藏白云岩化作用形成。 相似文献
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塔里木盆地寒武系—奥陶系白云岩稀土元素特征及其成因意义 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
塔里木盆地寒武系—奥陶系白云岩是重要的油气储集层,按能反映成因的结构构造特征将其分为4类,即泥晶—粉晶白云岩、藻纹层白云岩、斑状白云岩及重结晶白云岩。通过分析各类白云岩的稀土元素组成特征,并结合岩石学研究,探讨了各类白云岩成岩流体性质及其水岩比的相对大小。4类白云岩的ΣREE差别较大,但稀土元素配分模式均具LREE轻微富集、HREE亏损、Eu负异常且与海相泥晶灰岩相似的特征,其稀土元素配分模式主要受海水的影响。4类白云岩经受的成岩作用差别明显,但REE迁移行为类似,无明显分馏。泥晶—粉晶白云岩中ΣREE平均值为51.55×10-6,与泥晶灰岩相近,其ΣREE主要受控于原岩,受后期成岩作用的影响相对较小,其成岩过程的水岩比较小。藻纹层白云岩的ΣREE平均值为21.37×10-6,不及海相泥晶灰岩的1/2;岩石学及地球化学资料反映其成因与藻类密切相关,其低ΣREE可能是由ΣREE极低的藻类参与白云岩化所致,后期成岩改造作用对其影响并不明显。斑状白云岩的ΣREE平均值为28.89×10-6,远低于泥晶灰岩及泥晶—粉晶白云岩,反映其白云岩化过程的水岩比远高于泥晶—粉晶白云岩。重结晶白云岩的ΣREE平均值为13.64×10-6,不及泥晶灰岩的1/4,在4类白云岩中最低,岩石学特征表明此类白云岩经受了白云岩化及后期强烈重结晶2期主要成岩作用,而这2期成岩作用均需极高的水岩比,此类白云岩的稀土元素组成特征主要是这2期成岩作用叠加的结果,其低ΣREE值可能是大量ΣREE含量极低的成岩流体改造的结果。 相似文献
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羌塘盆地隆鄂尼-鄂斯玛古油藏带中侏罗统布曲组含油白云岩带主要由潮坪相及潮下浅滩相颗粒灰岩和藻纹层白云岩、颗粒白云岩组成。藻纹层白云岩与颗粒灰岩组成旋回性沉积,发育藻纹层构造、鸟眼构造;含油白云岩带之间为潟湖相暗色微泥晶灰岩、泥质灰岩、介壳灰岩。采用优势相原则,横向对比分析编制隆起剥蚀区、潮坪相带、潟湖相带和潮下浅滩相带古地理展布,以及研究区生油岩与储集层及油气藏的空间分布,预测覆盖区可能存在残存油气藏分布区。 相似文献
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正研究区位于鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘岐山县北,构造上属于鄂尔多斯盆地渭北隆起西段。奥陶系马家沟组发育了一套典型的白云岩储层,是鄂尔多斯盆地主要的天然气勘探目标层。1岩相特征岐山东剖面马家沟组下部岩性以泥晶白云岩为主,次为粘结白云岩。剖面底部主要是见生物扰动构造,偶夹纹层构造,见成分单一的角砾状白云岩岩;中部见弯曲的藻纹层,中上部沉积构造主要 相似文献
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最新钻井和地震资料研究表明,四川盆地裂陷槽内大部分地区缺失震旦系(埃辿卡拉系)灯影组灯四段、灯三段及灯二段上部地层,灯二段仅残留富藻层及以下地层,震旦系地层具有环状剥蚀特征;残留的灯二段岩性主要为泥粉晶白云岩、藻纹层白云岩、藻格架白云岩、雪花状构造白云岩及砂砾屑白云岩,局部层段葡萄花边构造发育,沉积相属于典型的局限台地,沉积特征与盆地内其它地区灯影组沉积特征相同,表明在震旦纪四川盆地碳酸盐台地内部并没有明显的构造分异。本文从地层、沉积特征及构造动力机制方面提出了四川盆地裂陷槽成因的解释意见,认为震旦系内部的裂陷槽形成于震旦系沉积之后,其成因可能与地幔柱拱升—地层剥蚀—地幔柱塌陷再沉降有关。 相似文献
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最新钻井和地震资料研究表明,四川盆地裂陷槽内大部分地区缺失震旦系（埃辿卡拉系）灯影组灯四段、灯三段及灯二段上部地层,灯二段仅残留富藻层及以下地层,震旦系地层具有环状剥蚀特征;残留的灯二段岩性主要为泥粉晶白云岩、藻纹层白云岩、藻格架白云岩、雪花状构造白云岩及砂砾屑白云岩,局部层段葡萄花边构造发育,沉积相属于典型的局限台地,沉积特征与盆地内其它地区灯影组沉积特征相同,表明在震旦纪四川盆地碳酸盐台地内部并没有明显的构造分异。本文从地层、沉积特征及构造动力机制方面提出了四川盆地裂陷槽成因的解释意见,认为震旦系内部的裂陷槽形成于震旦系沉积之后,其成因可能与地幔柱拱升—地层剥蚀—地幔柱塌陷再沉降有关。 相似文献
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明确塔里木盆地肖尔布拉克组储层的品质、规模及分布规律对指导寒武系盐下领域的勘探具有重要意义。通过对柯坪地区苏盖特布拉克剖面的解剖,阐明了肖尔布拉克组主要发育与藻(蓝细菌)有关的微生物白云岩(层纹石白云岩、凝块石白云岩、叠层石白云岩和藻格架白云岩)、黏结藻屑白云岩、藻砂屑白云岩、泥—粉晶白云岩和含砂屑泥—粉晶白云岩,自下而上的岩相组合指示缓坡型台地沉积特征;孔隙类型主要为溶蚀孔洞,粒(晶)间溶孔和藻格架溶孔,总体具有中高孔—中低渗的特征,孔隙的发育与岩相具有明显的相关性,其中藻砂屑白云岩和具有格架结构的微生物白云岩储层物性最好;通过二维地质建模及基于数字露头的三维地质建模,揭示了肖尔布拉克组储层具有较好的层位性、相控性和规模性,古隆起围斜部位的中缓坡丘滩体是储层发育的有利相带。 相似文献
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基于对中国塔里木盆地新元古界上震旦统奇格布拉克组、四川盆地新元古界上震旦统灯影组以及华北盆地中元古界蓟县系雾迷山组野外露头及钻井岩心白云岩的系统观察,发现中国典型台地区中新元古界中厚层至块状白云岩异常发育,其中泥(粉)晶白云岩占岩层总厚度86%～97%,且大多为厚层至块状。这些中厚层至块状泥(粉)晶白云岩,无论是否含藻类与菌类等微生物,次生交代作用基本都不发育。沉积古地理特征分析结果表明:(1)中新元古界的白云岩几乎覆盖整个海盆,广泛沉积于潮上带、潮间带以及潮下的开阔或局限台地环境;(2)白云岩的亚类在平面上受古基底隆凹格局控制,低凹部位以泥晶白云岩为主,高部位以颗粒泥晶白云岩或丘状叠层石泥晶白云岩为主;(3)白云岩台地中发育较深水台盆。地震剖面显示,这些台盆的形成受控于中新元古代的同生深大断裂活动,大断裂可将深部的Mg2+通过热液输入到碳酸盐岩台地中,使得海水中的Mg2+浓度增加。地球化学分析结果与古气候特征指示,不同晶粒结构的白云岩,即泥晶白云岩与少量的粉晶及细晶白云岩,其碳氧同位素比值没有明显分异,整体上与全球中新元古代海水背景值吻合,表明粉晶及粉细晶白云岩与泥晶白云岩同为沉积成因,其结构加粗乃原生泥晶白云石晶粒重结晶自生加大而成,并非次生交代成因,即这些少量发育的粉晶—细晶白云岩与主体的泥晶白云岩为同一成因机制。整合岩石学、沉积环境及地球化学等分析结果,认为中国典型台地区中新元古界的白云岩乃较典型的原生沉积成因。 相似文献
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Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
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Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
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Chronological analyses of correlations between certain global repeating events (mass extinctions of marine organisms, meteorite impacts, and flashes in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals) during the Phanerozoic Eon and the motion of the solar system in the Galaxy are presented for five rotationally symmetrical models for the regular Galactic gravitational field. Thirteen of sixteen mass-extinction events can be described by a repetition interval of 183±3 million years. This is in agreement with the anomalistic period (interval between two subsequent passages of the Sun through the apocenter of its Galactic orbit) in the model of Allen and Martos. The positions of the minima and maxima in Gaussian functions approximating the frequency distribution for geomagnetic reversals also agree with the times of passage of the Sun through the apocenter and pericenter, respectively, of its Galactic orbit in this model. The maximum in the distribution of the deviations of the dates of mass extinctions from the nearest dates of impacts of large, crater-forming bodies is close to zero, providing evidence that many such events are correlated. As a rule, extinctions follow impact events. The impacts of large bodies have occurred most often when the solar system passes through the Galactic plane, while mass extinctions occur more often at some distance from the Galactic plane (about 40 pc). As a rule, intervals of increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals coincide with dates of impacts of large bodies. At the same time, these intervals do not show a clear correlation with the dates of mass extinctions. The intensity of mass extinctions, like the energy released by impacts, is consistently higher in periods when the Sun is moving from the apocenter toward the pericenter of its orbit, than when it is moving from the pericenter toward the apocenter. Thus, there is evidence for a variety of relationships between repeating global events in the Phanerozoic and the motion of the Sun in the Galaxy. Long-period variations in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with the orbital motion of the Sun, and increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with impacts. Mass extinctions are correlated with the impacts of large bodies, whose motions may have been perturbed by clouds of interstellar material concentrated toward the Galactic plane and by the shock front associated with the Perseus spiral arm, through which the solar system passes. The velocity of the Sun relative to the spiral pattern is estimated. 相似文献
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位于华北和扬子两板块碰撞带中的苏鲁榴辉岩形成的温压条件不但是超高压，而且是高温。榴辉岩的PTt轨迹表明其为陆-陆磁撞俯冲带的产物。榴辉岩的区域性围岩花岗质片麻岩为新元古代同碰撞期花岗岩，榴辉岩及其他直接围岩皆呈包体存在于其中，并见新元古代花岗岩呈脉状侵入榴辉岩包体中。区域性围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石中发现有柯石英、绿辉石等包裹体，表明新元古代花岗岩的组成物质也经受过超高压变质作用，且榴辉岩与围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石U-Pb体系同位素年龄基本相同。但新元古代花岗岩所记录的变质作用和变形作用期次（或阶段）却少于榴辉岩。椐上述可得如下推断：超高压榴辉岩与新元古代花岗岩岩浆是同时在碰撞带底部（俯冲板块前部）形成的；榴辉岩的第一折返阶段是由新元古代花岗岩岩浆携带上升的，其第二折返阶段是和新元古代花岗岩一起由逆冲及区域性隆起而上升，遭受剥蚀。 相似文献
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某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
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摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值问题探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对广珠东线高速公路横沥大桥的试桩及土体的工程地质条件分析,总结出影响摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值的一般问题以及解决问题的方法和措施。 相似文献
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The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
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The structure of the eastern Pyrenees consists mainly of south-directed thrusts involving basement and cover rocks. An antiformal stack developed by the piling up of basement thrust sheets which outcrop in the Axial zone. These structures account for a thin-skinned thrust model rather than a vertical fault model in which the Axial zone would be essentially autochthonous, and the North-Pyrenean fault the axial plane of a fan thrust system. New data from the Eastern Pyrenees and the thin-skinned model suggest that(1) the structure east of the Pedraforca nappe is similar to that of the Central Pyrenees; (2) the cover rocks of the South-Pyrenean units and of the Axial zone-after restoration—built up a northwards-thickening prism consistent with the existence of a unique Pyrenean sedimentary basin during Mesozoic time; (3) the Axial zone is only a complex antiformal stack developed as a part of South-Pyrenean system related to the Paleogene thrusting-tectonics. The Axial zone palaeogeographic area had no special meaning during Mesozoic time. 相似文献