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1.
对位于湘中EW向白马山-紫云山成矿带东端的秋旺冲金矿区中的脉岩进行了岩石学和地球化学研究。研究结果显示,这些脉岩主要为似斑状花岗岩、含电气石花岗岩和文象花岗岩属富硅、富碱的准铝-弱过铝质、钙碱性花岗岩,其地球化学特征表现为富集Rb、K、Th、U、Ce、Nd、Zr和Hf元素,强烈亏损Ra、Sr、P和Ti元素,稀土元素总量低,轻重稀土元素分馏均不明显,重稀土元素相对较富集,Eu负异常极为明显。通过岩石成因和构造环境判别图解结合区域上前人的研究成果,提出该区脉岩成因类型属于高分异的Ⅰ型花岗岩,是在碰撞造山后伸展构造环境中形成的。综合矿区及毗邻矿床的地质勘查资料分析,认为该区脉岩与金矿化存在空间对应关系,对金成矿有指示意义。 相似文献
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小西南岔金铜矿床岩石、矿石及矿物的稀土元素特征表明：成矿作用与海西期闪长岩和燕山期闪长玢岩脉密切相关；矿石及矿物稀土总量北山矿段明显高于南山矿段，显示出成矿作用的地质分带性；不同成矿阶段的石英稀土元素地球化学特征具有明显的差异和变化规律，从早期成矿阶段至主成矿阶段到晚期成矿阶段，稀土配分模式由重稀土富集型→轻稀土富集型→轻稀土明显富集型，铕异常由显著负异常→明显负异常→不明显负异常，ΣＲＥＥ及Ｓｍ／Ｎｄ比值由高到低，ΣＣｅ／ΣＹ及（Ｌａ／Ｓｍ）＿Ｎ比值由小到大。 相似文献
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那茶淌北铅锌矿床位于西藏冈底斯成矿带东段北部,主要由矽卡岩铅锌矿体组成,是一个典型的矽卡岩型矿床。笔者通过对矿床内的矽卡岩、大理岩(灰岩)、黑云母花岗岩的地球化学对比分析表明:在主量元素方面,显示Si、Al、Fe、Ti、Mg、Ca、Mn等元素在矽卡岩、大理岩、黑云母花岗岩之间发生明显的交换;在稀土元素方面,矽卡岩、大理岩和黑云母花岗岩均具有LREE富集,HREE亏损,并且发育Eu和Ce负异常和相似的REE配分模式,说明矽卡岩的成因与大理岩、黑云母花岗岩具有一定关系。结合三种不同岩性的地球化学特征,强烈的轻、重稀土分异,Eu、Ce负异常,推测矽卡岩由中高温还原热液交代碳酸盐而成,矽卡岩成岩过程中可能有少量海水加入。 相似文献
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广州从化区良口亚髻山霞石正长岩为典型岩石遗迹,在碱性岩体野外填图研究过程中,新发现东侧分布有黄田埔高分异花岗岩,形成时间约(146±13)Ma,为晚侏罗世岩浆活动产物。元素地球化学特征显示硅高、钾富、分异指数高、Rb/Sr比值高以及Rb/Ba、Nb/Ta、Zr/Hf、TFeO/MgO比值低;稀土元素ΣREE平均值为248 g/t,ΣCe/ΣYb平均值为2.34,δEu(0.16)负异常明显;Ga(×10~4)/Al比值较低(平均值为3.47),Zr+Nb+Ce+Y含量(平均值为264g/t)低于A型花岗岩(350 g/t);I(Sr)值为0.691 8~0.712 8,平均值为0.708 1;ε_(Nd)(t)值为-3.5~-10.0,平均值为-6.7。元素地球化学、同位素地球化学和同位素年代学综合研究结果表明,岩株的形成可能与上地幔岩浆分异有关,为高分异Ⅰ型花岗岩。 相似文献
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内蒙古扎鲁特旗三叠纪黑云母二长花岗岩特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
内蒙古扎鲁特旗北部黑云母二长花岗岩岩体位于兴蒙造山带东段,形成于晚三叠世.黑云母二长花岗岩岩石地球化学表现为富SiO2、Al2O3和碱质,Na2O/K2O比值小于1,A/CNK比值介于1.021~1.084之间,轻重稀土元素分馏明显,轻稀土元素富集,具明显负铕异常.微量元素中亏损Ba、Sr、Ti、P,稀土元素中亏损Eu、Yb,具有A型花岗岩的地球化学特征.结合区域地质资料和前人相关研究,推测黑云母二长花岗岩可能形成于板块内部造山后期地壳伸展减薄的环境. 相似文献
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内蒙古那仁乌拉地区具有较大的稀有金属找矿潜力,但与成矿有关的那仁乌拉花岗岩体在年代学和成因方面仍存在较多争论。为厘定该花岗岩体成岩年龄及成因类型,对其进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年和岩石地球化学分析。测年结果表明,中粗粒黑云母二长花岗岩和似斑状二长花岗岩成岩年龄分别为(142.1±1.0)Ma和(142.3±1.2)Ma,指示那仁乌拉花岗岩体为早白垩世岩浆活动的产物,与区域上晚侏罗世—早白垩世花岗岩大规模侵入时代基本吻合。岩石地球化学分析显示,岩体富硅(SiO2含量为73.69%~76.67%)、富碱(Na2O+K2O含量为8.40%~8.80%)和贫铁、镁、钙、磷等;Zr、Hf、Rb、Th等元素明显富集,Ba、Sr、P、Ti等元素强烈亏损,Nb元素相对亏损;稀土元素总量较低,显示较强烈的Eu负异常(δEu=0.20~0.36),轻、重稀土分馏明显(LREE/HREE=6.23~14.28),富集轻稀土;属于弱过铝质高钾钙碱性花岗岩。综合矿物学、岩石学和地球化学特征,判断那仁乌拉花岗岩成因类型应归为高分异I型花岗岩。结合区域构造和地质背景,认为位于华北板块北缘的那仁乌拉花岗岩体形成于早白垩世的板内伸展环境。 相似文献
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近年来,临沧花岗岩体风化壳内离子吸附型稀土(IREE)矿床的找矿勘查取得重要进展,岔河IREE矿床是该区新发现的中大型矿床之一,为IREE矿床成矿预测提供了研究实例.文章对岔河IREE矿床11个探矿工程风化剖面样品和1370件土壤地球化学样品的稀土元素,以及Ce异常分布、迁移及富集等表生地球化学特征和规律进行研究,结合前人研究成果总结出该区找矿模型,实施工程验证并取得了找矿发现.研究表明,风化花岗岩稀土元素配分模式与母岩相似,风化过程中REE发生淋滤、富集作用(全风化层富集程度最高),LREE和HREE发生了分异作用(LREE分异程度相对较高).在风化过程中,Ce异常与稀土元素氧化物总量(ΣREO)呈负相关,且Ce异常存在明显的分异作用,如风化剖面中黏土层Ce正异常(1.69)与全风化层上部Ce负异常(0.75)数值具有明显差异,为Ce异常用于IREE矿床成矿预测成为可能(见矿率达90％).该研究不仅能定位、定量的圈定IREE矿床成矿预测区,而且完善了IREE矿床找矿模型,具有重要的推广和应用价值. 相似文献
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茜坑锂矿床是近年来新探明的大型锂矿床。锂矿主要产出于白（锂）云母花岗岩中,云母为锂矿最主要的赋存矿物。对茜坑花岗岩进行了矿床地质、地球化学和40Ar/39Ar年代学硏究。研究表明,白（锂）云母花岗岩具有富硅、富碱、强过铝质、贫镁铁、富成矿元素、高挥发分、高分异的地球化学特征,稀土总量低(ΣREE平均值为3.41×10-6),Eu具强烈负异常,稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分曲线具有明显的M型四分组效应,属（高）分异S型花岗岩。锂云母40Ar/39Ar坪年龄为（139.09±0.56） Ma,等时线年龄为（138.45±1.11） Ma,成岩成矿时代为早白垩世,处于扬子板块与华夏板块碰撞后陆内造山挤压至伸展过渡初期。 相似文献
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卧龙泉岩体分布于辽宁南部盖州市卧龙泉镇,岩性主要为似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩,岩石锆石206Pb/238U年龄加权平均值为1888.4±5.3 Ma,形成时代为古元古代.卧龙泉似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩地球化学特征显示,Na2O/K2O均值为0.70,属高钾钙碱性系列;里特曼指数σ平均值为2.18,属钙碱系列;铝饱和指数A/CNK平均值为1.16,属过铝型;岩石中稀土元素总量平均值为299.04×10-6,稀土元素配分模式右倾,属具中负铕异常的轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损型,富集大离子亲石元素,亏损高场强元素,具有活动陆缘钙碱性岩系特征,属于同碰撞科迪勒拉型（I型）花岗岩,应与古元古代造山运动造成下地壳加厚熔融有关. 相似文献
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河棚岩体位于北淮阳东段河棚地区,为似斑状细粒黑云钾长花岗岩,具较高的SiO_2和碱质含量,属于偏铝质碱性系列岩石。稀土元素含量中等,LaN/YbN与LREE/HREE值均较大,HREE相对于LREE明显亏损,Eu弱负异常,具较弱的Ce负异常,轻稀土分馏较明显,重稀土较平坦,属轻稀土富集型。岩石富集大离子亲石元素Rb、Ba、K和高场强元素Th、U、Ce、Zr、Hf,亏损Nb、Ta、Sr、Ti、P。通过LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年,获得河棚岩体206Pb/238 U年龄为128.6±2.1 Ma,表明该岩体形成于燕山晚期,是早白垩世早期岩浆活动的产物,代表河棚岩体的成岩年龄。主、微量元素地球化学特征表明河棚岩体属于非造山A型花岗岩,形成于燕山晚期伸展构造环境。 相似文献
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S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
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E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
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《Applied Geochemistry》2001,16(2):137-159
Five hundred and ninety-eight samples of terrestrial moss (Hylocomium splendens and Pleurozium schreberi) collected from a 188,000 km2 area of the central Barents region (NE Norway, N Finland, NW Russia) were analysed by ICP-AES and ICP-MS. Analytical results for Al, B, Ba, Ca, K, La, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Rb, Si, Sr, Th, U and Y concentrations are reported here. Graphical methods of data analysis, such as geochemical maps, cumulative frequency diagrams, boxplots and scatterplots, are used to interpret the origin of the patterns for these elements. None of the elements reported here are emitted in significant amounts from the smelting industry on the Kola Peninsula. Despite the conventional view that moss chemistry reflects atmospheric element input, the nature of the underlying mineral substrate (regolith or bedrock) is found to have a considerable influence on moss composition for several elements. This influence of the chemistry of the mineral substrate can take place in a variety of ways. (1) It can be completely natural, reflecting the ability of higher plants to take up elements from deep soil horizons and shed them with litterfall onto the surface. (2) It can result from naturally increased soil dust input where vegetation is scarce due to harsh climatic conditions for instance. Alternatively, substrate influence can be enhanced by human activity, such as open-cast mining, creation of ‘technogenic deserts’, or handling, transport and storage of ore and ore products, all of which magnify the natural elemental flux from bedrock to ground vegetation. Seaspray is another natural process affecting moss composition in the area (Mg, Na), and this is most visible in the Norwegian part of the study area. Presence or absence of some plant species, e.g., lichens, seems to influence moss chemistry. This is shown by the low concentrations of B or K in moss on the Finnish and Norwegian side of the (fenced) border with Russia, contrasting with high concentrations on the other side (intensive reindeer husbandry west of the border has selectively depleted the lichen population). 相似文献
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Marta L. PATINO-DOUCE Alberto PATINO-DOUCE Mazhar QAYYUM Roger L. NIELSEN 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》1994,18(2):195-198
We have developed a set of four synthetic standards for the rare earth and high field strength elements designed for use in the determination of those elements in silicates. The base material is a glass nominally at the eutectic of the MgO-Al2 O3 -SiO2 ternary system. The nominal doping level was 2 wt% of the elements as oxides. To avoid problems associated with peak interference, the elements were doped in four separate glasses. 相似文献
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Alexander E. C. Broberg J. S. Kehren A. R. Graziani M. M. Turri W. L. 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(4):353-361
Bellechester, Minnesota, is a small community of approximately 155 residents located on the county line between Goodhue and Wabasha counties in southeast Minnesota's karst region. Bellechester is served by a 21-year-old wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) consisting of three waste-stabilization ponds. On 28 April 1992 six sinkholes were discovered to have drained cell 2 of the WWTF resulting in the loss of approximately 8.7×106 1 of partially treated effluent and about 600 m3 of soil into previously undetected subsurface voids of unknown dimensions. In the week following the collapse, approximately 200 water wells located within a 5-km radius of the WWTF were sampled in an after-the-fact, emergency sampling program. Twelve samples with elevated fecal coliform levels, 18 samples with nitrate-nitrogen greater than the 10 mg/1 standard, and no samples with elevated chlorides were found. However, the elevated levels could not be unambiguously attributed to the WWTF collapse. This is the third WWTF to fail by sinkhole collapse in southeast Minnesota since 1974. All three collapsed lagoons have been located in similar geomorphic and stratigraphic settings. However, at least two lagoons have collapsed in the adjacent area in northeast Iowa, and these lagoons are located at different stratigraphic positions. Twenty-two WWTFs constructed in southeast Minnesota's karst region in the last 25 years have been identified as subject to potential sinkhole collapse. An unknown but significant number of manure storage lagoons, flood control structures, etc., have also been constructed in the karst region and are at risk. Public agencies are beginning to develop plans to deal with the risk associated with existing and future waste lagoons in this environment. The critical hydrogeologic parameters that can be used to prioritize the risk of collapse at existing facilities include: (1) the lithology of the first bedrock beneath each lagoon, (2) the thickness of surficial materials between the lagoon and the bedrock surface, (3) the presence and construction of liners (seepage rate), and (4) the proximity to existing sinkholes. 相似文献