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1.
对藏东地区浪拉山糜棱岩化二长花岗岩进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄测试,获得了该岩体的206Pb/238 U年龄加权平均值为470.5 Ma±3.7 Ma(MSWD=1.7,n=15),属于中奥陶世的产物。岩石地球化学特征表明,岩石具有高钾(Na2O/K2O=13.12~162.89)、铝(A/CNK值平均为1.30)、低钛的特征,岩石属于高钾钙碱性过铝质S型花岗岩。岩石具有明显Eu负异常,表现为Nb,Sr,P、Ti等高场强元素相对亏损,相对富集K,Rb,Th,U等大离子亲石元素,具有岛弧型花岗岩的特征。结合区域地质资料分析,该岩体与区内原特提斯洋的俯冲存在成因联系,藏东地区浪拉山糜棱岩化二长花岗岩的发现有助于进一步探索原特提斯洋演化过程。 相似文献
2.
红花尔基白钨矿矿床位于内蒙古自治区呼伦贝尔市海拉尔南120 km处,为大兴安岭中北段近年来新发现的规模有望达到大型的钨矿床,也是本地区到目前为止发现的唯一的白钨矿矿床。赋矿围岩是侵入奥陶系裸河组(O2-3lh)地层中的花岗岩体,岩性主要为二长花岗岩和石英二长岩。对赋矿花岗岩进行的LA_MC-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明:肉红色二长花岗岩的加权平均年龄为179.2±0.6 Ma(N=20,MSWD=1.3);灰白色二长花岗岩的加权平均年龄为179.0±0.6 Ma(N=20,MSWD=0.7);石英二长岩的加权平均年龄为178.6±0.7 Ma(N=20,MSWD=0.6)。这一结果表明上述花岗岩为燕山早期早侏罗世岩浆活动的产物。在3件花岗岩样品中均发现继承性锆石(年龄为779.1 Ma和463.2~486.0 Ma),说明本区可能具有新元古代和早中奥陶世的基底。岩石地球化学数据表明,与成矿密切相关的3种花岗岩具有相似的地球化学特征,即:均以高硅(Si O2=63.09%~73.53%)、富碱(ALK=7.60%~8.74%)和整体弱过铝质(A/CNK=0.97~1.08)为特征。轻稀土元素相对富集,重稀土元素相对亏损[(La/Yb)N=3.96~12.28],整体具中等铕负异常(δEu=0.55~1.01)。在微量元素原始地幔比值蛛网图上主要显示大离子亲石元素富集,高场强元素亏损的特点,Rb、Th、U、K、Pb等元素富集,Ba、Nb、Ta、Sr、P、Ti等元素明显亏损。岩石地球化学特征显示其为典型的I型花岗岩。经过分析认为,矿床的成矿物质主要来自于下地壳,岩浆上侵过程中也可能萃取含钨建造中的钨等元素。 相似文献
3.
石宝沟花岗岩体位于华北陆块南缘,主要由似斑状二长花岗岩和中细粒二长花岗岩组成,发育岩浆暗色包体。LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb定年结果显示,似斑状二长花岗岩和中细粒二长花岗岩的成岩年龄分别为(156±1)Ma(N=15,MSWD=0.34)和(157±1)Ma(N=17,MSWD=0.10)。这些花岗岩的A/CNK=0.82～1.02,Na2O+K2O=7.61%～8.91%,K2O/Na2O=1.02～1.48,属于高钾钙碱性、准铝质-弱过铝质I型花岗岩。稀土和微量元素特征显示其富集LREE、Rb、Ba、K、Pb等大离子亲石元素,亏损HREE、P、Ti等高场强元素,具有弱的负铕异常,个别样品具有正铕异常(δEu=0.81～1.12)。似斑状二长花岗岩的锆石εHf(t)为-22.6～-8.3,tDM2为2.64～1.73Ga;中细粒二长花岗岩εHf(t)为-26.9～-12.4,tDM2为2.91～1.99Ga。岩石地球化学和锆石Hf同位素组成特征表明,石宝沟花岗岩体的源区物质以壳源物质为主,可能为太古宙太华群,但也有年轻幔源组分的参与。 相似文献
4.
头号岩体位于华北板块北缘,西拉木伦河缝合带以南,侵位于新太古代变质花岗岩中,被晚侏罗世钾长花岗岩所侵入。通过LA-ICP–MS锆石U-Pb测年获得了(236.2±9.6)Ma(MSWD=3.6)的206Pb/238U加权平均年龄,应代表其侵位年龄。岩石地球化学分析结果显示,ω(SiO2)为73.09%76.96%,ω(Na2O+K2O)为8.14%76.96%,ω(Na2O+K2O)为8.14%8.95%,A/CNK为1.03%8.95%,A/CNK为1.03%1.13,标准矿物计算中各样品均出现刚玉(C),σ值为1.951.13,标准矿物计算中各样品均出现刚玉(C),σ值为1.952.54,为过铝质岩石、高钾钙碱性岩石系列。稀土元素蛛网图中,轻重稀土元素分馏较强,Eu为明显的负异常,大离子亲石元素(LILE)富集,高场强元素亏损(HFSE),Zr/Hf比值偏离较大,为S型花岗岩,并且岩浆作用后期可能与高温含水流体发生了相互作用。头号岩体形成于造山晚期向造山期后转变的构造体制下。结合前人区域研究资料,认为华北板块与西伯利亚板块已沿西拉木伦河缝合带闭合。 相似文献
5.
碎石沟花岗岩体位于东昆仑造山带西段木孜塔格地区,是该地区几个主要花岗岩体之一。为了查明该岩体的成因类型、物质来源及形成时代,并在此基础上进一步探讨木孜塔格地区的区域构造演化过程及东昆仑造山带地球动力学背景,对该岩体进行了详细的岩石学、地球化学及锆石U- Pb年代学研究。岩石学特征表明,碎石沟花岗岩主要由灰白色中细粒二长花岗岩组成,在岩体边部可见少量灰白色花岗闪长岩。岩石地球化学研究表明,该岩体具有高硅（SiO2=67.54 %~71.56 %）、高碱（Na2O=3.08%~4.50%、K2O=3.05%~4.20%）、富铝的特点（Al2O3=14.26%~16.58%）,属于准铝质—弱过铝质高钾钙碱性系列;稀土元素含量较高（126.31×10-6~160.13×10-6）,总体表现出轻稀土富集,重稀土亏损的右倾式配分模式,具有Eu的弱负异常（δEu=0.68~0.85）;微量元素相对富集Rb、Th、K等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ta、Hf、Sr等高场强元素,显示出 I 型花岗岩的特征。本次研究获得碎石沟岩体二长花岗岩的锆石U- Pb年龄为208.0±1.1 Ma（MSWD=1.0）,属于晚三叠世岩浆活动产物。结合区域构造演化特征,碎石沟花岗岩来源于下地壳物质部分熔融,并且在形成过程中存在幔源岩浆底侵及壳幔岩浆混合作用,其构造背景为后碰撞环境。 相似文献
6.
浙东地区岩浆岩广泛分布,受区域构造控制较明显,总体沿北东向余姚-丽水断裂带分布。本文对东园花岗岩体开展了详细的年代学和岩石地球化学研究。东园岩体主要由二长花岗岩、石英二长岩和少量花岗岩组成,主岩体二长花岗岩的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为235.6±0.7 Ma(MSWD=0.97,2σ),花岗岩为238.1±0.8 Ma(MSWD=1.3,2σ),均属中三叠世产物。二长花岗岩和石英二长岩为准铝质-弱过铝质的钙碱性花岗岩,具高硅(62.94%~75.29%)、富碱(Na_2O+K_2O=8.17%~9.34%)且富钾(K_2O=4.54%~5.63%)的特征,轻重稀土分馏明显,具有较强的Eu正异常(δEu=0.94~2.43),明显亏损高场强元素(HFSE)Nb、P、Ti,而相对富集Th、Hf,富集轻稀土元素(LREE)和大离子亲石元素(LILE)Rb,相对贫Ba。岩体属高(-中等)分异I型花岗岩,岩浆来源于具弧属性的加厚地壳部分熔融,形成于同碰撞向后碰撞阶段转变的大地构造环境,可能与太平洋板块向华南板块俯冲作用事件有关。 相似文献
7.
碎石沟花岗岩体位于东昆仑造山带西段木孜塔格地区,是该地区几个主要花岗岩体之一。为了查明该岩体的成因类型、物质来源及形成时代,并在此基础上进一步探讨木孜塔格地区的区域构造演化过程及东昆仑造山带地球动力学背景,对该岩体进行了详细的岩石学、地球化学及锆石U-Pb年代学研究。岩石学特征表明,碎石沟花岗岩主要由灰白色中细粒二长花岗岩组成,在岩体边部可见少量灰白色花岗闪长岩。岩石地球化学研究表明,该岩体具有高硅（SiO2=67.54 %~71.56 %）、高碱（Na2O=3.08%~4.50%、K2O=3.05%~4.20%）、富铝的特点（Al2O3=14.26%~16.58%）,属于准铝质—弱过铝质高钾钙碱性系列;稀土元素含量较高（126.31×10-6~160.13×10-6）,总体表现出轻稀土富集,重稀土亏损的右倾式配分模式,具有Eu的弱负异常（δEu=0.68~0.85）;微量元素相对富集Rb、Th、K等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ta、Hf、Sr等高场强元素,显示出 I 型花岗岩的特征。本次研究获得碎石沟岩体二长花岗岩的锆石U- Pb年龄为208.0±1.1 Ma（MSWD=1.0）,属于晚三叠世岩浆活动产物。结合区域构造演化特征,碎石沟花岗岩来源于下地壳物质部分熔融,并且在形成过程中存在幔源岩浆底侵及壳幔岩浆混合作用,其构造背景为后碰撞环境。 相似文献
8.
狮吼山矿区是江西省内规模最大的矽卡岩型硫铁多金属矿床，伴生W、Cu、Au多种成矿元素，成矿作用与矿区出露的茶山迳复式花岗岩体有关。岩体主要包括茶山迳似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩和莲湖细粒二长花岗岩两期，为研究成矿岩体的侵位时代、岩石成因及与成矿的关系，本次工作进行了U-Pb锆石定年、岩相学和岩石地球化学等测试分析。结果表明：岩体具有高硅、高钾、富铝的特征，属高钾钙碱性系列花岗岩；轻重稀土元素分馏明显，均为右倾型，弱Eu负异常，以富集Cs、Rb、Th、U、Pb，亏损Ba、Nb、Sr、和Ti等元素为主要特征，属于低Ba-Sr壳源花岗岩类；锆石具较好晶形，具典型岩浆锆石特征，利用LA-ICP-MS进行U-Pb测年，获得谐和年龄为（162.4±0.6）Ma（MSWD=1.8），加权平均年龄为（162.4±1.4）Ma（MSWD=1.4），谐和年龄与加权平均年龄在误差范围内高度一致，表明茶山迳复式岩体侵位于燕山早期中侏罗世；综合考虑岩体矿物组合、主微量元素及高分异特征，认为其成因分类应属于S型花岗岩；对比中国花岗岩成矿元素平均含量，茶山迳两期花岗岩均具有较高的W、Mo、Bi、Pb等成矿元素含量，可同时为成矿作用提供热源、流体及物质。 相似文献
9.
新疆西准噶尔接特布调A型花岗岩年代学、地球化学及岩石成因 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
西准噶尔乃至整个北疆地区广泛发育晚古生代后碰撞花岗岩类。接特布调岩体作为一个典型的代表, 岩石类型主要有中粗粒二长花岗岩和正长花岗岩, 是认识西准噶尔花岗岩岩石成因及构造-岩浆演化的关键。本文对接特布调岩体进行高精度锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb测年, 获得二长花岗岩和正长花岗岩的加权平均206Pb/238U年龄分别为(287±9) Ma(n=10, MSWD=0.92)和(278±3) Ma(n=14, MSWD=0.43), 确定其形成于早二叠世, 属于300 Ma前后准噶尔周边地区后碰撞岩浆活动的产物。岩石地球化学研究表明, 前人认为的接特布调I型花岗岩应归属于A型花岗岩。正长花岗岩具有高硅(SiO2: 76.11%~76.82%), 富碱(Na2O+K2O: 8.47%~8.49%), 低钛(TiO2: 0.04%~0.05%), 贫钙(CaO: 0.36%~0.42%)的特征。二长花岗岩与其类似, 高硅(SiO2: 68.35%~71.80%), 富碱(Na2O+K2O: 6.80%~7.86%), 低钛和钙(TiO2: 0.29%~0.82%, CaO: 1.76%~2.87%), 均属于准铝质或弱过铝质(ACNK: 0.98~1.09)高钾钙碱性系列。正长花岗岩相对于二长花岗岩具有相对较低的稀土元素总量(ΣREE)(分别为23.8×10-6~49.3×10-6, 95.23×10-6~222.2×10-6), 并具有明显的负Eu异常(Eu/Eu*分别为0.01~0.02, 0.57~0.72), 另外, 正长花岗岩相对二长花岗岩明显地富集大离子亲石元素(Rb、Th、K)及高场强元素(Zr、Hf、Nb), 而强烈亏损Ba、Sr、Eu、Ti等, 具有较高的10000Ga/Al比值(>2.44)。依据微量元素比值及相关判别图, 可将接特布调花岗岩体进一步细分为A1型和A2型。接特布调岩体就位于后碰撞环境, 来源于由年轻的地幔来源物质组成的下地壳。在后碰撞岩浆活动的初期, 年轻的下地壳部分熔融形成具有岛弧印迹的A2型二长花岗岩岩浆, 随着岩石圈进一步伸展, 可能在局部出现类似裂谷的环境, 即形成显示裂谷特征的A1型正长花岗岩岩浆。 相似文献
10.
湘东丫江桥岩体时代与成因:来自LA- ICP- MS锆石U- Pb年代学、地球化学和Lu- Hf同位素制约 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
丫江桥岩体是湘东地区重要的成矿花岗岩,为精确厘定丫江桥岩体侵位时代、查明岩石成因,本文对丫江桥岩体中粗粒和中细粒黑云母二长花岗岩进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年、全岩地球化学和原位锆石Lu-Hf同位素分析。获得LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为213.0±1.2Ma(n=12,MSWD=0.67)和212.1±1.2Ma(n=14,MSWD=0.09);岩石SiO_2含量为70.39%～72.88%和73.19%～74.85%;K_2O+Na_2O值为6.94%～7.95%和7.58%～7.96%;K_2O/Na_2O比值为1.25～1.70和1.45～1.58,A/CNK比值为1.05～1.07和1.07～1.09。稀土元素配分模式右倾,轻、重稀土分馏明显,(La/Yb)N值为13.76～24.52和7.12～11.01;负Eu异常,δEu值为0.34～0.61和0.26～0.33。富集Rb、K、Pb等大离子亲石元素,亏损Ba、Sr、Eu和高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti等。锆石ε_(Hf)(t)值为-7.01～-0.90和-6.38～+6.85,二阶段Hf模式年龄(t_(DM2))为13.1～16.9Ga和12.7～16.6Ga。上述结果表明黑云母二长花岗岩为印支晚期岩浆活动产物,属弱过铝质花岗岩,岩浆主要来源于中元古界地壳物质重熔,可能有少量地幔物质参与。结合前人研究成果认为,黑云母二长花岗岩形成于后碰撞伸展的构造背景下,地壳减薄和压力降低以及地幔物质上涌的共同作用,导致地壳部分熔融形成花岗质岩浆,岩浆侵位冷却结晶,形成花岗岩体。 相似文献
11.
S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
12.
E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
13.
奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
18.
《Applied Geochemistry》2001,16(2):137-159
Five hundred and ninety-eight samples of terrestrial moss (Hylocomium splendens and Pleurozium schreberi) collected from a 188,000 km2 area of the central Barents region (NE Norway, N Finland, NW Russia) were analysed by ICP-AES and ICP-MS. Analytical results for Al, B, Ba, Ca, K, La, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Rb, Si, Sr, Th, U and Y concentrations are reported here. Graphical methods of data analysis, such as geochemical maps, cumulative frequency diagrams, boxplots and scatterplots, are used to interpret the origin of the patterns for these elements. None of the elements reported here are emitted in significant amounts from the smelting industry on the Kola Peninsula. Despite the conventional view that moss chemistry reflects atmospheric element input, the nature of the underlying mineral substrate (regolith or bedrock) is found to have a considerable influence on moss composition for several elements. This influence of the chemistry of the mineral substrate can take place in a variety of ways. (1) It can be completely natural, reflecting the ability of higher plants to take up elements from deep soil horizons and shed them with litterfall onto the surface. (2) It can result from naturally increased soil dust input where vegetation is scarce due to harsh climatic conditions for instance. Alternatively, substrate influence can be enhanced by human activity, such as open-cast mining, creation of ‘technogenic deserts’, or handling, transport and storage of ore and ore products, all of which magnify the natural elemental flux from bedrock to ground vegetation. Seaspray is another natural process affecting moss composition in the area (Mg, Na), and this is most visible in the Norwegian part of the study area. Presence or absence of some plant species, e.g., lichens, seems to influence moss chemistry. This is shown by the low concentrations of B or K in moss on the Finnish and Norwegian side of the (fenced) border with Russia, contrasting with high concentrations on the other side (intensive reindeer husbandry west of the border has selectively depleted the lichen population). 相似文献
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Marta L. PATINO-DOUCE Alberto PATINO-DOUCE Mazhar QAYYUM Roger L. NIELSEN 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》1994,18(2):195-198
We have developed a set of four synthetic standards for the rare earth and high field strength elements designed for use in the determination of those elements in silicates. The base material is a glass nominally at the eutectic of the MgO-Al2 O3 -SiO2 ternary system. The nominal doping level was 2 wt% of the elements as oxides. To avoid problems associated with peak interference, the elements were doped in four separate glasses. 相似文献
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Alexander E. C. Broberg J. S. Kehren A. R. Graziani M. M. Turri W. L. 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(4):353-361
Bellechester, Minnesota, is a small community of approximately 155 residents located on the county line between Goodhue and Wabasha counties in southeast Minnesota's karst region. Bellechester is served by a 21-year-old wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) consisting of three waste-stabilization ponds. On 28 April 1992 six sinkholes were discovered to have drained cell 2 of the WWTF resulting in the loss of approximately 8.7×106 1 of partially treated effluent and about 600 m3 of soil into previously undetected subsurface voids of unknown dimensions. In the week following the collapse, approximately 200 water wells located within a 5-km radius of the WWTF were sampled in an after-the-fact, emergency sampling program. Twelve samples with elevated fecal coliform levels, 18 samples with nitrate-nitrogen greater than the 10 mg/1 standard, and no samples with elevated chlorides were found. However, the elevated levels could not be unambiguously attributed to the WWTF collapse. This is the third WWTF to fail by sinkhole collapse in southeast Minnesota since 1974. All three collapsed lagoons have been located in similar geomorphic and stratigraphic settings. However, at least two lagoons have collapsed in the adjacent area in northeast Iowa, and these lagoons are located at different stratigraphic positions. Twenty-two WWTFs constructed in southeast Minnesota's karst region in the last 25 years have been identified as subject to potential sinkhole collapse. An unknown but significant number of manure storage lagoons, flood control structures, etc., have also been constructed in the karst region and are at risk. Public agencies are beginning to develop plans to deal with the risk associated with existing and future waste lagoons in this environment. The critical hydrogeologic parameters that can be used to prioritize the risk of collapse at existing facilities include: (1) the lithology of the first bedrock beneath each lagoon, (2) the thickness of surficial materials between the lagoon and the bedrock surface, (3) the presence and construction of liners (seepage rate), and (4) the proximity to existing sinkholes. 相似文献