基坑潜水疏干的简化计算在昊华水泥厂中的应用     

李务伦 《中国煤炭地质》2008,(9):28-31

以流线、流面、汇点的概念为基础,对稳定流双井干扰和直线隔水边界附近涌水量理论公式进行对比分析,提出了二个虚拟界面,其中虚拟界面Ⅰ,运用流线、流面的性质,流线方程等给出证明;虚拟界面Ⅱ则通过半无限条形降落漏斗的分析,应用元流和总流的能量方程得到流量为零,流线为零的平面。在同样条件下,条形无限涌水量是半无限潜含水层涌水量的二倍。应用总流能量方程对三种情况水头损失的分析,解释了这种关系存在的合理性,得出虚拟界面Ⅱ,并以此得出该界面内的最大残余水头计算公式。将基坑降水运用虚拟界面简化为扇形,条形半无限含水层,从而实现单井预测,该方法应用到昊华水泥厂基坑降水中,预测效果理想。  相似文献   

河南荥巩矿区岩溶水发育规律研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

吴雨顺李新云  郝林杰 《中国煤炭地质》2008,20(5):37-41

通过对矿区地层、构造以及水文地质条件的分析,认为寒武-奥陶系岩溶裂隙含水层是矿区的主要含水层。岩溶水受地层岩性、构造的作用明显,岩溶发育程度在矿区呈现出西弱东强,浅部强、深部弱的发育规律。岩溶水动态受大气降水和矿井排水的双重控制,大气降水是岩溶水的主要补给来源,矿井排水是主要排泄方式,水位动态属于降水-矿排型。在天然状态下,岩溶水主要接受南部露头区大气降水的补给,然后自南向北、自西向东径流,经过新中-三李一带的岩溶水强径流带,在三李一带以岩溶大泉的方式向外排泄。  相似文献   

"地下水科学与工程"学科形成的历史沿革及其发展前景   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

林学钰 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2007,37(2):209-215

人类由逐水而居到凿井取用地下水是人类文明史的一大转折。和地表水相比,地下水具有分布广泛、水质良好、变化稳定、便于利用、不容易受污染等优点,因此它是理想的供水水源。地下水本身既是人类生存不可或缺的重要资源,同时也是一种地质营力、信息载体、生态环境因子和灾害因子。因此开展地下水的形成、赋存、运动规律的研究,以及合理开发、利用的工程技术、布局设计和实施等水文地质研究是一门关系到人类生活、社会需求和发展的重要学科。笔者着重论述了“地下水科学与工程”学科形成的历史是和人类社会的诞生、繁衍和发展紧密相关的。随着科学进步和国民经济的发展,该学科已从原来的基础学科逐渐向应用基础学科和应用学科相结合的方向发展。因此,今后在加强水文地质基础研究的同时,还应该十分重视满足国民经济需求和面向市场应用的研究。最后,从世界面临严重缺水和水污染的现实、科学发展的必然和国际学术组织和学者对地下水学科的重视,以及当前人才市场对该学科人才需求等方面指出,21世纪“地下水科学与工程”学科的发展具有很大的空间和十分广阔的前景。  相似文献   

深层卤水自喷钻井若干特征的分析     

周训 《地球科学与环境学报》1992,(3)

本文以四川盆地中部的L_1井为例,讨论深层卤水自喷钻井卤水产出特征、水文地球化学特征和开采动态特征,并对钻井的测试资料进行分析,预测该钻井的卤水可采资源量。  相似文献   

可控源音频大地电磁测深法应用实例   总被引：8，自引：2，他引：8  

黄力军  陆桂福  刘瑞德 《物探化探计算技术》2006,28(4):337-341

目前对电法的探测深度要求越来越高,常规电法有时难以满足实际工作需要。与常规电法相比,可控源音频大地电磁测深法具有探测深度大、设备相对轻便和横向分辨率高等特点,已广泛应用于地热资源、水文地质、有色金属矿产和工程地质勘查工作之中,并取得了令人十分满意的实际应用效果。这里介绍的是一些具有代表性可控源音频大地电磁测深应用实例和应用成果,这些实例基本函概了目前电法的主要应用范畴,常规电法难以胜任的地质调查工作。实例中包括断陷盆地型地热资源和深部基岩裂隙水调查,危机矿山深部找矿和复杂地形条件下铁路隧道工程勘查。  相似文献   

大南湖煤田一井田水文地质条件分析     

王宝成  邵洪文  韦波 《新疆地质》2006,24(3):267-269

通过对大南湖煤田一井田含水层特征、水力联系、地下水补给、径流与排泄及地下水化学特征等因素的分析,确定该井田水文地质条件类型,为矿床开采提供依据.  相似文献   

地下水源热泵的水文地质设计     

王旭升  刘立才 《水文地质工程地质》2007,34(5):50-54

地下水源热泵是一种国内外正在迅速推广的新型节能环保型空调技术,但如果设计和运行管理不合理,会造成水资源的耗损和地质环境的破坏,因此需要加强其水文地质设计。地下水源热泵的水文地质设计包括水力学设计、热力学设计和地质环境保护设计。水力学设计的重点是维持地下水回灌能力,热力学设计的重点是防止回灌井导致的地下水过热和过冷,地质环境保护设计重点是防止水资源浪费和地下水污染。算例分析表明,抽灌井距的确定需要把水力学设计与热力学设计结合起来进行。  相似文献   

The changing role of hydrogeology in semi-arid southern and eastern Africa     

N. S. Robins  J. Davies  J. L. Farr  R. C. Calow 《Hydrogeology Journal》2006,14(8):1483-1492

Much of southern and eastern Africa is semi-arid and heavily groundwater dependent. Borehole drilling commenced over a hundred years ago with magnetic and electrical resistivity surveys for borehole siting being introduced from 1936. Formalised training of hydrogeologists led in the 1970s to an almost standard approach to hydrogeological investigation and a period of stability followed, during which some major investigations were carried out. A period of decentralisation and fragmentation has since taken place in many parts of southern and eastern Africa, and groundwater monitoring and management are inadequate in many countries. All but six of the 14 SADC (Southern African Development Community) member states reportedly have an adequate monitoring network in place. However, groundwater demand is increasing and hydrogeologists need to promote the use of appropriate methodologies as an essential part of tackling the severe issues now facing the water sector in the region.  相似文献   

Temperature dependence of large-scale water-retention curves: a case study     

Hui-Hai Liu  G. S. Bodvarsson  J. H. Dane 《Hydrogeology Journal》2006,14(8):1403-1408

A local-scale model for temperature-dependence of water-retention curves may be applicable to large scales. Consideration of this temperature dependence is important for modeling unsaturated flow and transport in the subsurface in numerous cases. Although significant progress has been made in understanding and modeling this temperature effect, almost all the previous studies have been limited to small scales (on the order of several centimeters). Numerical experiments were used to investigate the possibility of extending a local-scale model for the temperature-dependence of water retention curves to large scales (on the order of meters). Temperature effects on large-scale hydraulic properties are of interest in many practical applications. Numerical experiment results indicate that the local-scale model can indeed be applicable to large-scale problems for special porous media with high air entry values. A typical porous medium of this kind is the porous tuff matrix in the unsaturated zone of Yucca Mountain, Nevada, the proposed geologic disposal site for national high-level nuclear wastes. Whether this finding can approximately hold for general cases needs to be investigated in future studies.  相似文献   

Hydrology and hydrogeology of Sakaryabaşı Karstic springs, Çifteler, Turkey     

G. Günay 《Environmental Geology》2006,51(2):229-240

The Sakarya River is one of the largest rivers in Turkey and is fed mainly from Sakaryabaşı springs. The Sakaryabaşı springs are located in the Central Anatolia and issue from confined/semi-confined karst having a thermal component and therefore, having quite different hydrogeological characteristics as compared to the Taurus Karst region, a typical example of the Mediterranean type of karst. The karstic carbonate rocks that form the groundwater reservoir are overlain by a thick semi-pervious overburden of mainly clastics of Neogene age. Tectonics is the major factor controlling the occurrence of the karst springs in the area where topography is rather flat. This study aimed at explaining the occurrence and movement of the karst groundwater within the system by use of hydrogeological, chemical, and isotopic tools. Isotopic composition of the waters revealed that all waters in the region are of meteoric origin and the thermal component is due to deep circulation. The catchment area of the hydrogeological system extends to the south and groundwater movement is towards the outlets, which are in a depression along a major fault. The movement of the groundwater, based on analysis of remotely sensed images, is controlled mainly by structural elements.  相似文献