共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 109 毫秒
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翡翠贻贝足丝器的组织结构观察 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用光镜和电镜技术初步探讨了翡翠贻贝Ｐｅｒｎａ ｖｉｒｉｄｉｓ足丝器的三大组成部分之间的空间结构关系，着重观察足丝柄部发生器（ＢＳＧ）的片层结构，揭示小片具有黄型的胶原原纤维电镜特征。此外，通过足丝丝部的表面结构观察，发现可用众多的突起来解释足丝表面对放射性碘的强机械吸附作用；利用足丝丝部横切片，计算出其长径约１０５μｍ，短径约４０μｍ。 相似文献
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^125I在翡翠贻贝体内积累与分布 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
研究了翡贻贝Ｐｅｒｎａ ｖｉｒｉｄｉｓ的个体大小对放射性核素＾１２５Ｉ在其体内的积累与分布。实验结果表明，小个体对＾１２５Ｉ的浓集能力比大个体强。在贝体各部分组织中，足丝对＾１２５Ｉ浓缩因子比贝体其余部分高得多，为软体组织的３０－２００倍，足的２００－６００倍，贝壳的６００－１０００倍。足丝的重量虽不及整体湿重的１％，但积累的＾１２５Ｉ占贝体＾１２５Ｉ总重量的５０％－７５％；足丝的浓集因子与贻贝整 相似文献
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企鹅珍珠贝(Pteria penguin)是生产附壳珍珠的大型海水经济贝类,依靠强壮的足丝将自身固定在硬质基质上,抵抗水流的冲击和抵御被捕食。足丝分泌和形状易受环境影响,本实验研究了三种光-暗周期(全黑暗组、6h光-暗组、12h光-暗组)对企鹅珍珠贝足丝分泌、足丝直径和足丝拉力的影响。结果表明:光照条件下6h光-暗组和12h光-暗组企鹅珍珠贝足丝首次附着率和足丝分泌数量显著低于全黑暗组(P<0.05);光照条件下几乎不分泌足丝,光照严重抑制了足丝分泌,抑制率最高可达100%,恢复黑暗条件后企鹅珍珠贝重新分泌足丝,且分泌数量增加,最多每小时增加(1.94±1.00)根;不同光-暗周期条件下企鹅珍珠贝0~24h、24~48h、48~72h期间足丝首次附着率和足丝分泌数量无显著性差异(P>0.05)。全黑暗条件下足丝远端直径(0.45±0.09)mm和近端直径(0.38±0.09)mm存在显著性差异(P<0.05),足丝直径发生改变;但不同光-暗周期条件下,企鹅珍珠贝足丝远端、中端和近端直径无显著性差异(P>0.05)。全黑暗组、6h光-暗组、12h光-暗组中,企鹅珍珠贝单根足丝拉力分别为(3.40±2.76)N、(2.68±1.10)N、(3.86±2.05)N,三种光-暗周期条件下足丝的拉力无显著性差异(P>0.05)。综上,光照会显著抑制企鹅珍珠贝足丝的分泌,但一旦恢复黑暗条件,企鹅珍珠贝可重新分泌足丝,新足丝的拉力和直径不受影响;不同光-暗周期不会对企鹅珍珠贝的足丝附着、足丝直径和足丝拉力造成显著性影响。研究结果可以为企鹅珍珠贝的野外吊养和游离珠生产提供基础资料。 相似文献
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皱纹盘鲍(Haliotis discus hannai)精子的超微结构 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
皱纹盘鲍（Ｈａｌｉｏｔｉｓｄｉｓｃｕｓｈａｎｎａｉ）的精子属于“原始型”,由顶体（２．２μｍ×１．０μｍ）、细胞核（３．１μｍ×０．８３μｍ）、中段（０．７４μｍ×１．４μｍ）和鞭毛（５２μｍ×０．２２μｍ）组成。顶体弹头状,由两部分组成：（１）顶体的前端是一呈卵形的高电子密度的部分;（２）顶体的后端为一呈翼状的低电子密度的部分。细胞核呈长柱状。在顶体凹陷和细胞核凹陷之间为顶体下腔,内有微丝束结构。中段包括５或６个线粒体,一对中心粒及一些泡状结构。鞭毛为典型的“９＋２”结构。 相似文献
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在企鹅珍珠贝遗传育种研究中,为保证在贝类存活的条件下获得其DNA信息,采用企鹅珍珠贝(Pteria penguin)贝壳边缘和足丝研究非致死性DNA提取方法。不同于贝壳获取过程中会对实验贝体产生一定损伤,足丝是无生命的细胞外纤维束,其获取方法简单且属于非损伤性取样,对实验贝几乎无伤害,是潜在的获取具足丝贝类基因组DNA的优良材料。本研究采用脱钙与未脱钙两种处理方式,并结合海洋动物组织基因组DNA提取试剂盒法及有机溶剂萃取法(OSE)提取贝壳及足丝DNA,对获得的贝壳DNA及足丝DNA进行PCR扩增。结果显示,足丝有机溶剂法(OSE法)提取效率显著高于贝壳DNA提取方法,脱钙足丝与未脱钙足丝的DNA提取效率无显著差异,分别为(0.016 7±0.002 9)μg/mg和(0.016 1±0.003 1)μg/mg。未脱钙足丝的OSE法获得的DNA产物纯度最优, A260/280值为1.400 0±0.040 0,A260/230值显著高于贝壳DNA及足丝DNA的其他提取方法,为0.910 0±0.080 0。除脱钙贝壳OSE法外,其他所有DNA提取方法均可用于后续PCR扩增,测序结果表明... 相似文献
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篮子鱼两极虫，新种Ｍｙｘｉｄｉｕｍ ｓｉｇａｎｕｍ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．寄生于篮子鱼Ｓｉｇａｎｕｓ ｓｐ．胆囊。孢子缝面观菱形，正面观椭圆形。孢子表面具有６条条纹。孢子长１１．４μｍ，宽６．９μｍ；极囊直径３．３μｍ；囊间距２．８μｍ。尖吻鲈尾孢虫，新种Ｈｅｎｎｅｇｕｙａ ｌａｔｅｓａ ｓｐ． ｎｏｖ寄生于尖吻鲈Ｌａｔｅｓ ｃａｌｃａｒｉｆｅｒ鳃部。孢子呈倒梨形。孢子长８．９μｍ，宽５．７μｍ；极囊长２ 相似文献
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天津地区对虾暴发性流行病的病因、病理及传播途径的初步研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
本文对１９９３年天津地区对虾暴发性流行病的病因、病理及传播途径进行了初步研究。１材料和方法试验材料取自塘沽区、汉沽区、宁河县和大港区发病和未发病虾池的可疑濒死活虾（体长４～７ｃｍ），固定前快速将肝胰腺连同中肠取出，或将头胸甲剪开，将虾体切成背部相连的数段，浸入Ｄａｖｉｄｓｏｎ固定液中固定［２］，组织病理观察用石蜡切片，厚８μｍ，Ｈ－Ｅ染色。电镜材料是将肝胰腺切成小块浸入２．５％戊二醛液固定，放入冰桶中带回试验室，常规超切，透射电镜观察，细菌调查用无菌瓶采水，用异养菌培养基（ＰＧＹ）和ＴＣＢＳ选择… 相似文献
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中国常见的具足丝贝类主要为异柱目种类，涉及贻贝科，钳蛤科，珍珠贝科，江姚科，扇贝科和不等蛤科，此外，还包括列齿目及真瓣鳃目的少数种类。由于足丝对多种重金属元素和放射性核素具有极强的积累能力。故推荐在“具足丝贝类”中筛选指示生物这条可行的途径。 相似文献
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Rajagopal S Venugopalan VP van der Velde G Jenner HA 《Marine environmental research》2006,62(2):98-115
Water flow is an important characteristic determining the settlement and growth of macro-invertebrates in the marine environment. Intake systems of coastal power stations offer a unique opportunity to study the effect of water flow on benthic organisms under field conditions. The cooling water intake system of a tropical coastal power station is used as an experimental facility to study the effect of flow on the recruitment and growth of three mussel species, viz, Brachidontes variabilis, B. striatulus, and Modiolus philippinarum. The study was prompted by earlier observation that these mussels were numerically abundant in the biofouling community present inside the seawater intake tunnel of the power station, even though their occurrence in the benthic community in the coastal waters outside was only nominal. Recruitment data showed that the three mussel species very successfully colonised surfaces exposed to the intake mouth (characterised by relatively high flow) of the power station. Significant difference was observed in the recruitment recorded at the intake point and the ambient environment outside. Under high flow condition, the growth rates of all the three mussel species were uniformly enhanced. It is argued that recruitment of the different species is related to the number of byssus threads produced by each mussel and the strength of the byssus threads. The results indicate that byssus number and byssus strength of the mussels are important criteria that decide successful colonization and establishment in high flow environments. 相似文献
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Serenella Cabiddu Pierantonio Addis Francesco Palmas Antonio Pusceddu 《Marine Ecology》2023,44(1):e12738
The alien Asian date mussel Arcuatula senhousia inhabits several coastal environments worldwide. This species can form dense mats where individuals attach through byssus threads, thus altering the structure, functioning and biodiversity of the native communities. We investigated the feeding preference of different predators on this alien species in a Mediterranean coastal lagoon. To do this, a mesocosm experiment was conducted using two crab species (the Mediterranean green crab Carcinus aestuarii) and the Say mud crab Dyspanopeus sayi, and one gastropod, the banded dye-murex Hexaplex trunculus as predators of A. senhousia with or without byssus mats. Our data suggest that C. aestuarii is a more effective predator against A. senhousia than D. sayi, and that H. trunculus is almost ineffective. A possible implication of this result is the potential use of the native crab C. aestuarii for limit the formation of the byssus mats, thus mitigating their potential negative effects on the native communities. 相似文献
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R. Howell 《Marine environmental research》1984,11(3):153-161
The acute toxicity of seawater solutions of copper, zinc, lead, cadmium and mercury to two species of free-living marine nematodes was studied. Enoplus brevis (Bastian) is a euryhaline species inhabitating intertidal estuarinemud. The closely related Enoplus communis (Bastian) is stenohaline and may be found as a commensal in the byssus threads of seed mussels. Specimens of both species were collected from two sites on the Northeast coast of England showing different levels of pollution by heavy metals. Both species were more susceptible to copper, lead and mercury than to zinc and cadmium, but the order of toxicity of the metals changed with exposure concentration. The euryhaline species survived better than the strictly marine species and there is a suggestion that animals from a polluted site were more tolerant of elevated of heavy metals. 相似文献
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The effects of chronic hypoxia and low salinity on anti-predatory responses of the green-lipped mussel Perna viridis were investigated. Dissolved oxygen concentrations ranged from hypoxic to normoxic (1.5 ± 0.3 mg l−1, 3.0 ± 0.3 mg l−1 and 6.0 ± 0.3 mg l−1), and salinities were selected within the variation during the wet season in Hong Kong coastal waters (15‰, 20‰, 25‰ and 30‰). The dissolved oxygen and salinity significantly affected some anti-predatory responses of mussel, including byssus production, shell thickness and shell weight, and the adductor diameter was only significantly affected by salinity. Besides, interactive effects of dissolved oxygen and salinity on the byssus production and shell thickness were also observed. In hypoxic and low salinity conditions, P. viridis produced fewer byssal threads, thinner shell and adductor muscle, indicating that hypoxia and low salinity are severe environmental stressors for self-defence of mussel, and their interactive effects further increase the predation risk. 相似文献
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本文根据1984年3月至1985年2月在厦门港中挂放杉木、松木和柯木试板,研究该港船蛆Teredo navalis数量的时空变化,并讨论了不同污损生物、水温、盐度等对船蛆密度的影响。 相似文献
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结合细胞培养技术，用电子显微镜，从细胞生物学的角度研究了气功效应。对体外培养的ＨｅＬａ细胞经气功外气施功后的生物效应作了仔细的超微结构观察。 相似文献
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激光扫描共聚焦显微镜具有成像清晰、获得三维图像、进行多标记观察等优势。本文扼要介绍了激光扫描共聚焦显微镜的原理和特点,着重阐述了激光扫描共聚焦显微镜在海洋动物配子发生;受精过程中细胞内Ca~(2 )变化、肌动蛋白转移和蛋白激酶变化;胚胎和幼体发育的三维成像等研究领域中的应用。并对LSCM在DNA含量、RNA含量等领域的定量、定性前景进行展望。 相似文献