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本文利用三维变分同化系统（WRFDA）,设计了4个同化试验方案,将ATOVS卫星亮温资料直接同化到中尺度数值模式（WRF）中,研究同化ATOVS不同卫星亮温资料对2009年04号热带风暴“浪卡”数值模拟的影响。结果表明,直接同化卫星亮温资料能够改善初始场结构（大气流场、温度场）,尤其是对西太平洋反气旋系统,进而提高对热带气旋路径的模拟精度。同化不同类型的ATOVS卫星亮温资料对于热带气旋的移动路径有着不同程度的改善,其中以HIRS3和HIRS4资料同化对热带气旋移动路径改善效果最好。 相似文献
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热带西南季风对0214号热带气旋“黄蜂”的影响 总被引：13，自引：1，他引：12
采用中国数值预报创新基地最新开发的三维变分同化系统(Grapes 3DVAR)的分析场为模式初值场,利用广州热带海洋气象研究所开发的南海热带气旋业务预报模式,在模拟试验(控制试验)的基础上,对强、弱热带西南季风作对比试验(异常试验)研究.试验结果表明除环境引导气流外,"黄蜂"偏心结构变化引起的偏心运动变化对热带气旋移向、移速的变化起了一定的作用;西南季风对热带气旋"黄蜂"的动力结构、热力结构和移动路径都有一定的影响;热带西南季风通过改变热带气旋的不对称结构和削弱副热带高压西侧这两个途径,造成热带气旋路径右偏. 相似文献
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云迹风在热带气旋路径数值预报中的应用研究 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：10
通过一系列四维变分同化试验对GMS5卫星资料反演的云迹风资料在西北太平洋热带气旋的初始化及路径数值预报中的作用进行研究,同化资料为中国国家卫星气象中心提供的GMS5水汽和红外云迹风资料,其中70%在400hPa以上,50%集中在200～300hPa。应用美国NCAR/PSU中尺度模式MM5及其四维变分同化系统,同化窗口为6h,对初始时刻和6h后的云迹风进行同化。同化前对云迹风资料进行了简单的类似ECMWF初值检验方法的质量控制。对2002年8个西北太平洋热带气旋共进行了22组试验。结果表明,采用四维变分同化技术同化云迹风对热带气旋路径预报有一定改善,12,24,36和48h预报的平均距离误差分别降低5%,12%,10%和7%,但同化云迹风的作用与初始气旋强度有关。选择初始中心海平面气压960hPa作为强、弱气旋的分类标准,则11个较强气旋平均路径误差12h减小了13%,12h以后的预报误差减小率维持在20%以上。而对于11个较弱气旋,平均路径误差反而略有增加,说明同化云迹风资料对不同初始强度的气旋作用也有所不同。其主要原因是由于强度较强的热带气旋往往具有较为深厚的垂直结构,因此受高层大气流场的影响更明显;同时,较弱热带气旋的云迹风观测相对稀少且凌乱,并且更容易受环境气流的影响,因此对于较弱的热带气旋,当模式变量与模式或变量之间在同化后不够协调的话,就会产生负效应。 相似文献
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数值预报产品检验和评估 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
通过国家级数值预报T213模式、EC模式下发产品对影响海南的热带气旋主观性检验结果表明,T213模式不管是对稳定路径还是转折路径的热带气旋在生成、移动路径以及登陆点都与实况相差很大;而EC模式对不管是转折还是稳定路径的热带气旋,都能够对移动路径、登陆点以及转折点都能够做出准确的预报;而在客观性检验的结果中也可看出T213模式和EC模式的预报能力的优劣性。因此,总体来说,在热带气旋的数值预报产品中,EC模式的预报能力明显比T213模式强,具有很高的参考意义。另外在温度场的预报中,T213模式相对于MM5模式,其预报能力具有一定的可信度,在日常预报中具有参考价值。 相似文献
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非线性平衡方案在三维变分同化系统中的应用 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
文中考虑气流出现明显的弯曲和辐合时,资料变分同化方案中的风压场间动力学约束问题。在强涡旋、锋面等剧烈变化的系统中,地转平衡和线性平衡方程均不能很好地描述风压场关系,非线性平衡方程考虑了流场曲率的作用,能更恰当地反映风压场的关系。把非线性平衡方案应用于三维变分同化分析系统中,可以得到和天气形势相关联的模式变量背景误差协方差,对热带气旋进行同化试验后得到的分析场更协调。结果表明,非线性平衡方程的应用,可以提高强涡旋系统中三维变分同化分析场的质量,对热带气旋强度预报有一定的改善。 相似文献
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随着气旋内部资料(Inner core data)在热带气旋预报中的使用,其重要性逐渐受到人们越来越多的关注。为了研究该资料中尾部机载雷达(Tail Doppler Radar,TDR)资料在业务系统中的应用效果,本文利用2012年飓风等级热带气旋Isaac期间的TDR资料,采用业务HWRF(Weather Research and Forecasting model for Hurricane)数值模式与业务GSI(Grid-point Statistical Interpolation system)三维变分同化(Three-Dimensional Variational Data Assimilation, 3DVar)系统对TDR资料进行了同化,展开了一系列预报试验,并对其效果进行了分析和研究。结果表明与HWRF的业务预报相比,GSI系统同化TDR资料后对热带气旋的路径和强度预报有明显改进;但其同化效果同时也表明业务三维变分中的静态背景误差协方差在TDR资料的应用中仍需要进一步的改进。 相似文献
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对多时刻环境因子与热带气旋路径相关的统计分析表明，初始时刻环境场因子对热带气旋路径的预报能力随预报时效的增长而下降；未来时刻环境因子的预报能力高于初始时刻环境场因子；对于一定预报时效的热带气旋路径，具有较高预报能力环境场因子出现时刻大多不与预报时效同时刻；对于４８￣１２０小时的预报时效，初始时刻后４８－７２小时的环境场因子具有较高的预报能力。对ＮＷＰ产品进行统计释用的热带气旋路径预报模式优于用初如 相似文献
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1引言纵观近十多年来影响我国的热带气旋所造成的损失，分析各种客观预报模式中出现的大误差样本，主要是由一些为数不多，难度较大的热带气旋所引起的。在这方面，国内外曾做过不少研究，虽然在热带气旋路径的分析与预报方面取得了一定的进展[1-3]，但对路径异常，移速突变的热带气旋效果是不够理想的。众所周知，热带气旋的气候特征是热带气旋分析预报必不可少的参考依据，它本身可作为预报的第一近似值。在资料不足的低纬热带洋面和长期预报中，气候规律尤其重要。在预报热带气旋移动路径时，对当时的环境流场背景和各种影响因素的具体分… 相似文献
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Using the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set(ICOADS) and ERA-Interim data, spatial distributions of air-sea temperature difference(ASTD) in the South China Sea(SCS) for the past 35 years are compared,and variations of spatial and temporal distributions of ASTD in this region are addressed using empirical orthogonal function decomposition and wavelet analysis methods. The results indicate that both ICOADS and ERA-Interim data can reflect actual distribution characteristics of ASTD in the SCS, but values of ASTD from the ERA-Interim data are smaller than those of the ICOADS data in the same region. In addition, the ASTD characteristics from the ERA-Interim data are not obvious inshore. A seesaw-type, north-south distribution of ASTD is dominant in the SCS; i.e., a positive peak in the south is associated with a negative peak in the north in November, and a negative peak in the south is accompanied by a positive peak in the north during April and May. Interannual ASTD variations in summer or autumn are decreasing. There is a seesaw-type distribution of ASTD between Beibu Bay and most of the SCS in summer, and the center of large values is in the Nansha Islands area in autumn. The ASTD in the SCS has a strong quasi-3a oscillation period in all seasons, and a quasi-11 a period in winter and spring. The ASTD is positively correlated with the Nio3.4 index in summer and autumn but negatively correlated in spring and winter. 相似文献
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Fei LIU Chen XING Jinbao LI Bin WANG Jing CHAI Chaochao GAO Gang HUANG Jian LIU Deliang CHEN 《大气科学进展》2020,37(7):663-670
正The Taal Volcano in Luzon is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes of the Philippines. A recent eruption occurred on 12 January 2020(Fig. 1a), and this volcano is still active with the occurrence of volcanic earthquakes. The eruption has become a deep concern worldwide, not only for its damage on local society, but also for potential hazardous consequences on the Earth's climate and environment. 相似文献
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The moving-window correlation analysis was applied to investigate the relationship between autumn Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events and the synchronous autumn precipitation in Huaxi region, based on the daily precipitation, sea surface temperature (SST) and atmospheric circulation data from 1960 to 2012. The correlation curves of IOD and the early modulation of Huaxi region’s autumn precipitation indicated a mutational site appeared in the 1970s. During 1960 to 1979, when the IOD was in positive phase in autumn, the circulations changed from a “W” shape to an ”M” shape at 500 hPa in Asia middle-high latitude region. Cold flux got into the Sichuan province with Northwest flow, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Western Pacific to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation increase in east Huaxi region. During 1980 to 1999, when the IOD in autumn was positive phase, the atmospheric circulation presented a “W” shape at 500 hPa, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Bay of Bengal to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation ascend in west Huaxi region. In summary, the Indian Ocean changed from cold phase to warm phase since the 1970s, caused the instability of the inter-annual relationship between the IOD and the autumn rainfall in Huaxi region. 相似文献
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The atmospheric and oceanic conditions before the onset of EP El Ni?o and CP El Ni?o in nearly 30 years are compared and analyzed by using 850 hPa wind, 20℃ isotherm depth, sea surface temperature and the Wheeler and Hendon index. The results are as follows: In the western equatorial Pacific, the occurrence of the anomalously strong westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Its intensity is far stronger than that of the CP El Ni?o. Two months before the El Ni?o, the anomaly westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o have extended to the eastern Pacific region, while the westerly wind anomaly of the CP El Ni?o can only extend to the west of the dateline three months before the El Ni?o and later stay there. Unlike the EP El Ni?o, the CP El Ni?o is always associated with easterly wind anomaly in the eastern equatorial Pacific before its onset. The thermocline depth anomaly of the EP El Ni?o can significantly move eastward and deepen. In addition, we also find that the evolution of thermocline is ahead of the development of the sea surface temperature for the EP El Ni?o. The strong MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o in the western and central Pacific is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Measured by the standard deviation of the zonal wind square, the intensity of MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o is significantly greater than that of the CP El Ni?o before the onset of El Ni?o. 相似文献
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Various features of the atmospheric environment affect the number of migratory insects, besides their initial population. However, little is known about the impact of atmospheric low-frequency oscillation(10 to 90 days) on insect migration. A case study was conducted to ascertain the influence of low-frequency atmospheric oscillation on the immigration of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens(Stl), in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces. The results showed the following:(1) The number of immigrating N. lugens from April to June of 2007 through 2016 mainly exhibited a periodic oscillation of 10 to 20 days.(2) The 10-20 d low-frequency number of immigrating N. lugens was significantly correlated with a low-frequency wind field and a geopotential height field at 850 h Pa.(3) During the peak phase of immigration, southwest or south winds served as a driving force and carried N. lugens populations northward, and when in the back of the trough and the front of the ridge, the downward airflow created a favorable condition for N. lugens to land in the study area. In conclusion, the northward migration of N. lugens was influenced by a low-frequency atmospheric circulation based on the analysis of dynamics. This study was the first research connecting atmospheric low-frequency oscillation to insect migration. 相似文献
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基于最新的GTAP8 (Global Trade Analysis Project）数据库,使用投入产出法,分析了2004年到2007年全球贸易变化下南北集团贸易隐含碳变化及对全球碳排放的影响。结果显示,随着发展中国家进出口规模扩张,全球贸易隐含碳流向的重心逐渐向发展中国家转移。2004年到2007年,发达国家高端设备制造业和服务业出口以及发展中国家资源、能源密集型行业及中低端制造业出口的趋势加强,该过程的生产转移导致全球碳排放增长4.15亿t,占研究时段全球贸易隐含碳增量的63%。未来发展中国家的出口隐含碳比重还将进一步提高。贸易变化带来的南北集团隐含碳流动变化对全球应对气候变化行动的影响日益突出,发达国家对此负有重要责任。 相似文献
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Analysis of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height Characteristics over the Arctic Ocean Using the Aircraft and GPS Soundings 
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下载免费PDF全文 正ERRATUM to: Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, 4(2011), 124-130 On page 126 of the printed edition (Issue 2, Volume 4), Fig. 2 was a wrong figure because the contact author made mistake giving the wrong one. The corrected edition has been updated on our website. The editorial office is sincerely sorry for any 相似文献
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《大气科学进展》2014,(6)
正AN Junling;see LI Ying et al.;(5),1221—1232AN Junling;see QU Yu et al.;(4),787-800AN Junling;see WANG Feng et al.;(6),1331-1342Ania POLOMSKA-HARLICK;see Jieshun ZHU et al.;(4),743-754Baek-Min KIM;see Seong-Joong KIM et al.;(4),863-878BAI Tao;see LI Gang et al.;(1),66-84BAO Qing;see YANG Jing et al.;(5),1147—1156BEI Naifang; 相似文献
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《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2014,(6)
正Journal of Meteorological Research is an international academic journal in atmospheric sciences edited and published by Acta Meteorologica Sinica Press,sponsored by the Chinese Meteorological Society.It has been acting as a bridge of academic exchange between Chinese and foreign meteorologists and aiming at introduction of the current advancements in atmospheric sciences in China.The journal columns include Articles.Note and Correspondence,and research letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献