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1.
0801号台风“浣熊”的路径和强度特征分析 总被引：14，自引：11，他引：3
利用一天四次的NECP格点再分析资料对台风的移动路径、强度突变进行分析。结果表明:台风"浣熊"的移动路径与副高位置的演变有关,而西风槽、脊的进退直接影响副高的演变。因此,副热带高压与西风槽、脊的相互作用是台风"浣熊"路径在北纬20度从西北偏北转向东北的原因;弱冷空气、东亚大槽槽前正涡度平流所产生的强辐散场是强度突变的重要原因;除此之外,越赤道气流与副热带高压的共同作用,不仅对台风"浣熊"强度突变有作用,同时也是其路径在南海从西北偏西转向西北偏北的原因。 相似文献
2.
全球气候变暖背景下登陆我国台风特征的分析 总被引：38，自引：4，他引：38
利用1949-2002年西北太平洋热带气旋、登陆我国台风和全球地面温度资料，对登陆我国台风的频数、强度以及登陆位置的年际变化，特别是趋势特征进行了分析，并与西北太平洋台风的变化特征作了对比。结果表明：在全球气候变暖背景下，我国登陆台风频数的减少趋势没有西北太平洋台风频数的减少趋势强；登陆台风的平均强度和极端强度均有减弱趋势，极端强度的减弱趋势尤为明显，但其强度弱于西北太平洋台风。在1968-2002年全球明显增暖时段，我国台风登陆位置偏向我国中部，西北太平洋台风在生命史中强度达最强时的位置有向北移动的趋势。 相似文献
3.
利用中央气象台台风实时业务定位资料和地面气象观测资料对2020年西北太平洋和南海的台风活动主要特征以及主要影响我国的台风路径、强度及风雨情况进行了统计分析。2020年西北太平洋和南海共有23个台风生成,较多年平均值（27.0个）偏少4.0个;有5个台风登陆我国,较多年平均值（7.0个）偏少2.0个。2020年台风活动的主要特征有：台风生成源地明显偏西;生成总数偏少,极值强度偏弱;7月“空台”,是1949年以来历史首次;8月台风活跃,出现多个近海快速增强的台风;8月下旬至9月上旬,3个台风连续北上影响我国东北地区,历史罕见;10月生成的台风个数较常年偏多,先后影响我国南海或中南半岛。 相似文献
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5.
Chen Shanmin 《大气科学进展》1987,4(1):113-118
Typhoon eye, one of the most outstanding features in the evolution of typhoon, has various complex configurations: circular,
elliptic, oval, square, polygonal, or irregular shapes. It is very interesting to note that some typhoons show the concentric
double-eyes encircled with two concentric cloud towers.
The concentric double-eye structure and intensity of typhoons are investigated and discussed by using reconnaissance aircraft
data, radar echo photos and satellite images. 76 double-eye typhoons were observed during 1949—1983. The results indicate
that the concentric double-eye structure, generally appearing in intense typhoons over the northwestern Pacific Ocean, is
closely related to typhoon—s intensity. This kind of structure has apparent characteristics in geographical and seasonal distributions.
Based on the observational data, an idealized structure model for the concentric double-eye typhoons is proposed. 相似文献
6.
广西北部湾地区台风暴雨的统计特征 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7
利用1970~2004年中央气象台编制的《台风年鉴》和广西北部湾各站日雨量实况,对影响广西北部湾地区台风暴雨的气候特征进行统计分析,结果表明:影响北部湾地区的台风主要出现在7~9月,与南海台风相比,西太平洋台风引发北部湾地区的大暴雨次数较多,从台风登陆路径分析,Ⅱ类和Ⅰ类在湛江到钦州登陆路径的台风造成北部湾地区区域性暴雨天气的机率最大;Ⅲ类路径登陆的南海台风几乎都不影响该地区,不管何种路径,造成北部湾沿海地区暴雨,台风低压中心必须进入或者靠近这一地区。 相似文献
7.
On the basis of NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data and yearbooks of CMA tropical cyclones, statistical analysis is performed for 1949—2013 offshore typhoons subjected to rapid decay(RD). This analysis indicates that RD typhoons are small-probability events, making up about 2.2% of the total offshore typhoons during this period. The RD events experience a decadal variation, mostly in the 1960 s and 1970 s(maximal in the 1970 s), rapidly decrease in the 1980 s and 1990 s and quickly increase from 2000. Also, RD typhoons show remarkable seasonal differences: they arise mainly in April and July-December, with the prime stage being in October-November. The offshore RD typhoons occur mostly in the South China Sea(SCS) and to a lesser extent in the East China Sea(ECS); however, none are observed over the Huang Sea and Bo Sea.Composite analysis and dynamic diagnosis of the RD typhoon-related large-scale circulations are performed.Physical quantities of the composite analysis consist of 500-h Pa height and temperature fields, vapor transfer, vertical wind shear(VWS), density of core convection(DCC), and high-level jet and upper-air outflow of the typhoon. The results suggest that(1) at the 500-h Pa height field, the typhoon is ahead of a westerly trough and under the effects of its passing trough;(2) at the temperature field, the typhoon is ahead of a temperature trough, with an invading cold tongue present;(3) at the vapor transfer field, water transfer into the RD typhoon is cut off; and(4) at higher levels, the related jet weakens and the outbreak of convection becomes attenuated in the typhoon core. In addition, VWS bears a relation to the RD typhoon; in particular, strong VWS favors RD occurrence.The differences in RD events between the SCS and ECS show that for the RD, the VWS of the ECS environmental winds is markedly stronger in comparison with its SCS counterpart. The cold advection invading into the typhoons is more intense in the SCS than in the ECS, and the low-level vapor transfer and high-level outflow are weaker in the SCS RD typhoons.Data analysis shows that sea surface temperature(SST), VWS, and DCC can be employed as efficient factors to predict RD occurrence. With appropriate SST, VWS, and DCC, a warning of RD occurrence can be given 36, 30-36,and 30 h, respectively, in advance. These values suggest that atmospheric SST responses lag. Owing to this time lag,the prediction of RD typhoons is possible. 相似文献
9.
双台风“天秤”和“布拉万”相互作用诊断分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用常规观测资料和FNL资料,对1214号台风"天秤"和1215号台风"布拉万"的相互作用进行了诊断分析,结果表明:"天秤"的路径复杂多变,"布拉万"路径比较稳定,在"天秤"的回旋打转过程中,通过引入兰金涡理论模型,对"藤原效应"引起的双台风互旋角速度进行量化分析,可以看出,"天秤"和"布拉万"之间的"藤原效应"对"天秤"的转向起了决定性的作用,环境场的引导作用较小。通过对台风进行受力分析,可以发现总压力对"天秤"的回旋打转影响较小,而对"布拉万"的移动路径影响显著。"布拉万"强度更强、个头更大,是双台风发生"藤原效应"的主要因素。 相似文献
10.
利用中央气象台台风实时业务资料、自动气象站观测资料以及卫星云图等对2021年西北太平洋及南海台风活动的主要特征和影响我国台风的路径、强度及风雨影响进行分析和回顾。结果表明:2021年西北太平洋及南海台风生成个数偏少,生成源地整体偏西;台风强度偏弱,但有多个台风出现了快速增强,其中台风“烟花”“灿都”的24 h强度增幅达40 m·s-1,为近30 a少见;2021年先后有5个台风登陆我国,另有2个台风影响我国。在登陆台风中,4个登陆华南的台风强度均弱于历史平均值。所有登陆台风在登陆后的维持时间都明显高于历史均值,特别是台风“烟花”为历史上登陆华东后维持时间最长的台风,给我国带来了严重的灾害影响。 相似文献
11.
By using data of serially numbered typhoons in northwestern Pacific and NOAA OLR data and
NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data of wind field, based on the statistics and study of the relationship between the
calendar years with more (or fewer) summer typhoons and ENSO events, we compared the composites of OLR
eigenvectors and tropical summer wind fields during El Nino and La Nina events with more or fewer than
normal summer typhoons, respectively. The results show that, in summer, without remarkable systematic
anomalies of Mascarene High and Australia High in South Hemisphere, the anomaly of Walker circulation will
dominate and follow the rule of ENSO impacts to atmospheric circulation and typhoon frequency. Otherwise,
when systematic anomalies of Australia High appear during the El Nino events, circulation anomalies in the
South Hemisphere will dominate, and many more typhoons will occur. In 1999, which is a special year of La
Nina events, northward and eastward monsoon was induced by the stronger Mascarene High, and fewer
typhoons arose. The typhoon source are regions where weak vertical wind shear, warm pool in western Pacific
and the area with monsoon troughs are overlapping with each other. Finally, this paper analyzes and compares
the source locations and ranges of more (fewer) typhoons in the events of El Nino and La Nina, respectively. 相似文献
12.
Yi-Bing Xie Shou-Jun Chen I-Liang Chang Yin-Liang Huang 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2018,32(4):661-669
The relation between the basic currents of the low latitudes and the initiation of typhoons is investigated statistically and synoptically by means of recent aerological data. It is shown that about 80% of typhoons developed in the eastern part of the equatorial convergence zone between the equatorial westerlies and trade wind of West Pacific Ocean. The equatorial westerly is a large scale and quasi-steady phenomenon; therefore, it is probably reasonable to be called “basic current” and typhoons are considered as vortices of smaller scale. There is a quite definite relationship between the time, position, frequency of the initiation of typhoons and the position, strength of the basic currents in the low latitudes. There is a quasi-periodical variation of the strength and position of the basic currents with a period longer than one month. This fact may be helpful for the extended forecast the initiation and development of typhoons. 相似文献
13.
The wind data of four typhoons were obtained and analyzed. The wind speeds were measured by sonic anemometers at four observation
sites in Guangdong and Hainan provinces. Detailed analysis of the wind data was conducted to investigate the turbulence characteristics
of the typhoons. Characteristics of the gust factor and the turbulence integral scale of the typhoons were concluded with
high confidence. The relationships among the gust factor, gust duration time, mean wind speed, roughness length, and turbulence
intensity were described. The turbulence integral scale was found to be closely related to the segment length and turbulence
intensity. 相似文献
14.
西北太平洋台风频数异常年的气候背景分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
利用中国气象局整编的热带气旋资料、NCEP再分析资料和Scripps海温资料,分析了台风季西北太平洋台风频数发生年代际和年际异常时的气候背景特征,并且比较分析了造成台风频数发生年代际和年际异常的影响因子的异同。结果表明:台风频数的年代际变化主要和副热带高压和赤道西太平洋的温跃层海温有非常显著的关系,而年际变化则与副高、季风槽、越赤道气流以及赤道中东太平洋的混合层海温都有着密切的联系。 相似文献
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16.
通过利用多普勒雷达图、OLR日平均场、环境场和比湿场等资料对7514(ELSIE)、7908(HOPE)、0313(Dujuan)号台风进行对比诊断分析。结果表明3个双重眼壁台风都有规则和紧凑的螺旋云带，外围的云带范围小、副高强盛、登陆前850hPa西南风没加强等等，都是造成台风风大而且影响范围广，降水量偏少的原因；OLR场分布与降水场分布的同时对应关系很好，OLR低中心最终没移至陆上，因此陆上降水偏少；台风OLR低中心移向陆地的地点与强降水中心基本相符；登陆时台风中心比湿值、等值线的梯度越大、移速的越慢，则降水时间越长、雨强越大。降水越集中。 相似文献
17.
夏季西太平洋台风频数异常与ENSO事件的关系及大气环流异常特征 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
根据西太平洋编号台风资料、NOAA卫星观测OLR资料和NCEP／NCAR风场再分析资料，在统计和探讨夏季西太平洋台风多（少）发年与ENSO事件的关系的基础上，分别对夏季台风异常偏多或偏少的E1Nifio、LaNifia年的OLR特征量和热带夏季风环流进行合成对比分析。分析表明：夏季当南半球马斯可林高压和澳大利亚高压无明显的系统性异常时，Walker环流异常的影响占主导作用，并遵循ENSO事件对大气环流及台风频数影响的基本规律。若E1Nifio期间澳大利亚高压环流出现系统性异常时，南半球环流异常的影响则占主导地位，台风反而异常偏多。对于1999年LaNifia特殊年份，马斯可林高压异常偏强引发的季风西风偏北偏东，台风反而异常偏少。弱风速垂直切变区、西太平洋暖池和季风槽的重叠部分是台风频发源地，本文分别对E1Nifio、LaNifia台风异常偏多（少）年台风频发源地的位詈和范围作了比较分析． 相似文献
18.
应用1949—2016年台风资料和中国地面逐日降水资料,针对中国内陆西部地区,通过对较长样本资料的统计分析,研究台风活动及其在台风登陆背景下,中国西部年、夏半年和盛夏平均降水特征。研究得到:①67年间登陆中国大陆的台风年平均9.09个,6—10月是台风活跃期,登陆台风最早在4月,最晚在12月,8月登陆台风频率最高。②台风活动对宁夏全省、陕西大部、四川盆地、甘肃中东部和青海大部降水影响明显,台风活动多寡与该地区降水多寡总体成正相关。新疆和西藏降水受台风影响极小,贵州、重庆降水与台风活动呈相反情况,台风活动对云南降水影响不明显。③台风活动与中国西部部分地区降水呈正相关特征,其年均降水最明显,其次是6—10月平均降水。此项研究首次聚焦在远距离台风与中国西部降水特征上,将有助于系统全面地认识台风活动特征、登陆台风与中国西部降水的关系以及中国西部降水机理。 相似文献
19.
费建芳 《热带气象学报(英文版)》1997,3(1):69-77
With conditions of approximately actual background wind field in typhoons and a barotropic nondivergent model in a cylindrical coordinate, the problem of instability of the perturbation in typhoons isdiscussed. The results show that the warm core structure of typhoons and the activity of fanly strongcold air in the periphery are advantageous to the perturbation development in typhoons,and the strongerthe typhoons, i. e. the lower the pressure, the caster the perturbation in typhoons would develop. 相似文献
20.
The formation of the Kuroshio large meander in summer 2004 was investigated by using the cruise data,Argo profiles data,and satellite remote sensing data.The authors validated the point that cyclonic eddies contrib-uted to the large meander.Besides,.the impacts of ty-phoons on Kuroshio meanders were also studied.From 29 July to 4 August,the typhoons stirred the ocean and up-welled the deep water,which enhanced the existed cyc-lonic eddy,and immediately made a drastic meander of the Kuroshio.Moreover,the unexpected typhoons in June 2004 also contributed to the initial meander at the Tokara Strait.The result suggests an alternative meander mecha-nism of the Kuroshio path via the typhoon-eddy-Kuroshio interactions.It is argued that typhoons accompanied with cyclonic eddies,might play crucial roles in meanders of the Kuroshio.This will provide a more comprehensive understanding of the dynamics of the western boundary flows,like the Kuroshio and the Gulf Stream,and will be useful in eddy-resolution models. 相似文献