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利用常规观测、自动站逐时降水量、乌鲁木齐市风廓线雷达及ECMWF1°×1°再分析等资料,对2018年10月17—18日乌鲁木齐雨夹雪转大暴雪过程进行分析。结果表明,大暴雪是在低空西北气流与中高层西南急流叠加并维持的有利环流背景下,由700～850 hPa风切变、风速辐合、地面冷锋及地形强迫抬升等多尺度系统共同作用造成的。强降雪时雷达探测高度维持较高达7500 m,随着降雪结束探测高度明显降低。水平风场表明低空西北急流与中高层偏南急流形成的垂直风切变廓线的维持,是强降雪持续的动力条件。大气折射率结构常数C_n~2、垂直速度的大小与雨雪的开始、结束时间有较好的对应关系,且低层较强偏北风与C_n~2大值区相对应,降雪时低层垂直速度为0.8～1.2 m·s~(-1),雨或雨夹雪时垂直速度为1.8～2.5 m·s~(-1)。因此,水平风向风速、C_n~2和垂直速度的垂直变化对暴雪短临预报有很好的参考价值。 相似文献
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利用常规观测资料、NCEP FNL（1o×1o）再分析资料以及卫星、雷达资料,对乌鲁木齐2015年12月10日-12日的极端暴雪天气过程的环流演变及暴雪产生和维持的机制进行了初步分析。结果表明：此次暴雪过程是欧洲脊发展推动乌拉尔山地区长波槽东移南压,同时配合低层风场的辐合切变、地面冷锋及地形强迫抬升等共同作用造成此次过程。500hPa偏南气流,700hPa、850hPa的偏北气流在乌鲁木齐的交汇有利于加强冷暖空气的汇合和水汽的聚集,为乌鲁木齐强降雪提供了有利的动力条件。各物理量场的配合及地形作用使得此次乌鲁木齐大暴雪持续时间长,降雪强度大;降雪前期乌鲁木齐逆温使不稳定能量集中释放;散度辐合中心最强时段及上升运动均与降雪时段对应,乌鲁木齐地形引起的强迫抬升为暴雪提供有利的垂直环流;水汽的主要来源为阿拉伯海及孟加拉湾,且水汽在中低层的辐合上升明显,水汽通量散度辐合中心的出现时间对本次乌鲁木齐大暴雪的最强降水时段有很好的指示意义。 相似文献
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大兴安岭地区的一次暴雪天气诊断分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用常规观测资料、FY-2气象卫星水汽云图、多普勒雷达资料、NCEP(1°×1°)逐6h再分析资料对2016年11月13—14日东北冷涡背景下的大兴安岭地区暴雪天气过程进行分析。结果表明:高空冷涡后部横槽南摆,使干冷空气南下以及冷涡前部西南低空急流北上且辐合急剧加强为暴雪天气提供了非常有利的环流背景;≥20m·s-1的西南低空急流作为水汽输送带,为暴雪区提供了充足的水汽来源;垂直上升运动中心和散度辐合辐散中心基本耦合且加强,为暴雪提供了强有利的动力抬升条件,有利于上升运动的增强发展;暴雪是发生在条件对称不稳定的(湿位涡MPV2<0)的背景下,暴雪中心位于MPV2等值线密集带以及MPV2绝对值得到较大增长的区域。水汽图像上有表征干侵入特征的干缝、斧形暗区等;雷达回波显示低层东南风急流非常显著,低层强烈发展的东南暖湿气流与东北—西南走向的大兴安岭山脉相垂直时,地形强迫抬升不仅使迎风坡的垂直上升运动迅速加强,而且使低层水汽辐合得到加强和维持为暴雪提供了充足的水汽,这也是暴雪主要集中在大兴安岭东麓的重要因素。 相似文献
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以NCEP资料为初始场和侧边界条件,利用WRF模式对东、西天山地形对2015年12月9—12日大暴雪影响进行敏感性试验,从降水强度和分布等方面对比分析模拟结果,探讨地形在暴雪过程中的作用,对成因进行初步研究分析,结果表明:(1)此次强降雪发生是高空西南急流抽吸、低层风切变及风速辐合、偏北风与地形强迫抬升、地面冷锋移动缓慢等共同造成的。(2)此次暴雪天气过程,地形对强降雪的落区、强度影响很大,东、西天山高度与强降雪强度正相关,东、西天山高度降低、强降雪落区沿环流方向移动。(3)地形动力强迫整体上增强次级环流圈。近地面上升速度中心出现在迎风坡山脚至山腰区域,并向两侧递减,与此次大暴雪中心落区以及乌鲁木齐附近测站降雪量分布吻合,东、西天山地形高度降低50%,近地面上升速度中心值减少30%。地形强迫东、西天山峡谷近地面生成辐合中心和辐合线,辐合中心强度与地形高度正相关。(4)地形强迫抬升有加强水汽辐合汇聚的作用,东、西天山地形高度降低50%,水汽通量与水汽通量散度减少30%。 相似文献
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牟欢 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2017,11(6):26-33
摘要:利用常规气象观测资料、NCEP1°×1°再分析资料和GPS—PWV遥感大气水汽探测等资料,对2016年3月3日北疆沿天山一带暴雪天气的环流演变、水汽和热动力等方面进行分析。结果表明：此次暴雪天气主要是受西西伯利亚大槽、高空急流、低空急流、低层风切变等影响系统的共同作用。高空上冷下暖的形势使得大气层结热力不稳定,当强的低空西北急流将丰沛的水汽、能量带到暴雪区上空,通过天山地形的作用,在暴雪区上空产生了强烈的辐合抬升,有利于不稳定能量的释放。暴雪出现时,中高层辐散,低层辐合,使得上升运动旺盛,配合低空急流带来的充足的水汽,造成此次天气有降雪强度大、持续时间短等特点。通过对GPS—PWV大气水汽可降水量变化的分析,发现其对降雪的出现、结束时间和降雪量有较好的指示意义。 相似文献
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利用气象台站观测资料、赤峰市多普勒雷达（CINRAD/CA）观测资料、全球地形资料（水平分辨率1°×1°）以及NCEP的FNL（水平分辨率1°×1°）逐6 h再分析资料,对2019年3月20日内蒙古东南部春季暴雪天气进行分析。结果表明：这是一次典型回流降雪天气,低层925 hPa东北风急流与中层700 hPa西南急流形成明显的垂直风切变和温度差,产生强的动力锋生;低层辐合有利于垂直上升运动发展;850 hPa偏南风和偏东风水汽通道汇合于内蒙古东南部;850～700 hPa有强逆温层,冷暖空气剧烈交汇;南北向大兴安岭地形对东麓迎风坡东北风超低空急流有阻挡作用,有利于干冷空气长时间堆积,低层冷垫厚度加大,暖湿气流被迫抬升到更高层结,有利于水汽凝结和降雪加大;降雪最强时段,雷达基本径向速度图上低层为偏北风,中层有表征暖平流的“S”形回波,高层西南急流长时间维持,同时有西北风—西南风冷式切变线和西南风—东南风暖式切变线,雷达速度图上强降雪和西南暖湿急流在冷垫上爬升有很好的对应关系,这对短时预报预警有指导意义。 相似文献
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利用自动站小时监测资料、常规与加密观测资料、NCEP/NCAR再分析资料（0.25°×0.25°）、FY-2G卫星相当黑体亮温（TBB）资料，分析2017年2月19日至20日天山两麓的极端暴雪天气过程。结果表明: （1）此次过程发生在500 hPa南欧脊衰退、乌拉尔低槽与中亚偏南低槽先结合、后分段东移进入的环流背景下，天山北麓暴雪高低空系统呈典型后倾结构，天山南麓暴雪形势为典型“东西夹攻”型。（2）影响天山北麓暴雪的低空西北急流和影响天山南麓暴雪的低空偏东急流均为冷湿气流，西北急流风速的增大比雪强的增强提早12h左右，偏东急流比降雪提前6h出现。（3）主要水汽通道在850～400 hPa，水汽通量进入新疆后，850～700 hPa偏西水汽输送强于600～400 hPa西南水汽输送，水汽辐合主要在850～700 hPa。（4）乌鲁木齐降雪前位势不稳定性加强，沙雅降雪前有明显对流不稳定，两暴雪中心均有地形强迫强化产生并维持的中尺度垂直上升支和次级环流圈，而沙雅系统性动力作用小于乌鲁木齐的。（6）中尺度云团是造成天山两麓暴雪产生的最直接的影响系统。 相似文献
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2015年12月10-12日新疆大面积暴雪是欧洲脊发展衰退、乌拉尔低槽东移南下环流形势下的极端强天气过程,环流形势、高低空系统配置与新疆强降水研究成果[1-3]吻合,高低空三支急流是大尺度上升运动维持和水汽输送、辐合的重要系统。暴雪过程中存在3条水汽输送路径,水汽长时间向暴雪区输送且输送厚度较厚,水汽辐合从低层发展、东移时层次抬升强度增强,水汽输送和辐合主要出现在低层700-850hPa,当水汽输送层和辐合层降低、强度减弱后最强降水开始。天山地形强迫抬升作用明显,低层水汽在天山北坡聚集抬升,低层冷垫有利于中层西南暖湿气流向北输送。环流经向度大和槽前偏南风强、天山地形的强迫抬升和上升运动维持以及水汽持续输送和3条中尺度云带的持续影响是此次新疆极端暴雪形成的重要机制。 相似文献
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利用常规气象资料、通辽市和赤峰市多普勒雷达资料、气候极端降雪以及NCEP的FNL(1°×1°)逐6 h再分析资料,对2020年11月17-19日内蒙古中东部极端回流大暴雪天气进行分析。研究表明：500 hPa东移高空槽前暖湿气流、 700 hPa西南急流以及暖式切变线为降雪提供了丰富的水汽和动力辐合抬升机制,地面至850 hPa均为偏东风冷垫,中高空西南暖湿空气沿低层冷垫爬升产生锋生,是造成此次大暴雪的主要原因。降雪最强时段,从低层到高层均为上升运动,中低层水汽几乎接近饱和状态,深厚湿层有利于产生高效率的强降雪;通辽探空图有冰相层、逆温层、融化层、中性层等多种特殊层结,并有明显表征冻雨的“象鼻”层结曲线;低层东北风急流与中高层西南急流形成强的垂直风切变和温度差,动力锋生在降雪期间一直维持,动力锋生最强阶段和降雪最强时刻相对应。雷达反射率有0℃层亮带,50～55 dBz带状强回波;基本径向速度低层长时间维持东北急流构成的冷垫,并有一对正负速度中心的风速核,形成“牛眼”结构,“牛眼”结构代表边界层出现急流核;雷达基本径向速度图低层东北风,中高层西南急流,很好地反映了西南暖湿急流在冷垫上爬升... 相似文献
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Using the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set(ICOADS) and ERA-Interim data, spatial distributions of air-sea temperature difference(ASTD) in the South China Sea(SCS) for the past 35 years are compared,and variations of spatial and temporal distributions of ASTD in this region are addressed using empirical orthogonal function decomposition and wavelet analysis methods. The results indicate that both ICOADS and ERA-Interim data can reflect actual distribution characteristics of ASTD in the SCS, but values of ASTD from the ERA-Interim data are smaller than those of the ICOADS data in the same region. In addition, the ASTD characteristics from the ERA-Interim data are not obvious inshore. A seesaw-type, north-south distribution of ASTD is dominant in the SCS; i.e., a positive peak in the south is associated with a negative peak in the north in November, and a negative peak in the south is accompanied by a positive peak in the north during April and May. Interannual ASTD variations in summer or autumn are decreasing. There is a seesaw-type distribution of ASTD between Beibu Bay and most of the SCS in summer, and the center of large values is in the Nansha Islands area in autumn. The ASTD in the SCS has a strong quasi-3a oscillation period in all seasons, and a quasi-11 a period in winter and spring. The ASTD is positively correlated with the Nio3.4 index in summer and autumn but negatively correlated in spring and winter. 相似文献
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Fei LIU Chen XING Jinbao LI Bin WANG Jing CHAI Chaochao GAO Gang HUANG Jian LIU Deliang CHEN 《大气科学进展》2020,37(7):663-670
正The Taal Volcano in Luzon is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes of the Philippines. A recent eruption occurred on 12 January 2020(Fig. 1a), and this volcano is still active with the occurrence of volcanic earthquakes. The eruption has become a deep concern worldwide, not only for its damage on local society, but also for potential hazardous consequences on the Earth's climate and environment. 相似文献
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The moving-window correlation analysis was applied to investigate the relationship between autumn Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events and the synchronous autumn precipitation in Huaxi region, based on the daily precipitation, sea surface temperature (SST) and atmospheric circulation data from 1960 to 2012. The correlation curves of IOD and the early modulation of Huaxi region’s autumn precipitation indicated a mutational site appeared in the 1970s. During 1960 to 1979, when the IOD was in positive phase in autumn, the circulations changed from a “W” shape to an ”M” shape at 500 hPa in Asia middle-high latitude region. Cold flux got into the Sichuan province with Northwest flow, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Western Pacific to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation increase in east Huaxi region. During 1980 to 1999, when the IOD in autumn was positive phase, the atmospheric circulation presented a “W” shape at 500 hPa, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Bay of Bengal to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation ascend in west Huaxi region. In summary, the Indian Ocean changed from cold phase to warm phase since the 1970s, caused the instability of the inter-annual relationship between the IOD and the autumn rainfall in Huaxi region. 相似文献
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Various features of the atmospheric environment affect the number of migratory insects, besides their initial population. However, little is known about the impact of atmospheric low-frequency oscillation(10 to 90 days) on insect migration. A case study was conducted to ascertain the influence of low-frequency atmospheric oscillation on the immigration of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens(Stl), in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces. The results showed the following:(1) The number of immigrating N. lugens from April to June of 2007 through 2016 mainly exhibited a periodic oscillation of 10 to 20 days.(2) The 10-20 d low-frequency number of immigrating N. lugens was significantly correlated with a low-frequency wind field and a geopotential height field at 850 h Pa.(3) During the peak phase of immigration, southwest or south winds served as a driving force and carried N. lugens populations northward, and when in the back of the trough and the front of the ridge, the downward airflow created a favorable condition for N. lugens to land in the study area. In conclusion, the northward migration of N. lugens was influenced by a low-frequency atmospheric circulation based on the analysis of dynamics. This study was the first research connecting atmospheric low-frequency oscillation to insect migration. 相似文献
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The atmospheric and oceanic conditions before the onset of EP El Ni?o and CP El Ni?o in nearly 30 years are compared and analyzed by using 850 hPa wind, 20℃ isotherm depth, sea surface temperature and the Wheeler and Hendon index. The results are as follows: In the western equatorial Pacific, the occurrence of the anomalously strong westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Its intensity is far stronger than that of the CP El Ni?o. Two months before the El Ni?o, the anomaly westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o have extended to the eastern Pacific region, while the westerly wind anomaly of the CP El Ni?o can only extend to the west of the dateline three months before the El Ni?o and later stay there. Unlike the EP El Ni?o, the CP El Ni?o is always associated with easterly wind anomaly in the eastern equatorial Pacific before its onset. The thermocline depth anomaly of the EP El Ni?o can significantly move eastward and deepen. In addition, we also find that the evolution of thermocline is ahead of the development of the sea surface temperature for the EP El Ni?o. The strong MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o in the western and central Pacific is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Measured by the standard deviation of the zonal wind square, the intensity of MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o is significantly greater than that of the CP El Ni?o before the onset of El Ni?o. 相似文献
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基于最新的GTAP8 (Global Trade Analysis Project）数据库,使用投入产出法,分析了2004年到2007年全球贸易变化下南北集团贸易隐含碳变化及对全球碳排放的影响。结果显示,随着发展中国家进出口规模扩张,全球贸易隐含碳流向的重心逐渐向发展中国家转移。2004年到2007年,发达国家高端设备制造业和服务业出口以及发展中国家资源、能源密集型行业及中低端制造业出口的趋势加强,该过程的生产转移导致全球碳排放增长4.15亿t,占研究时段全球贸易隐含碳增量的63%。未来发展中国家的出口隐含碳比重还将进一步提高。贸易变化带来的南北集团隐含碳流动变化对全球应对气候变化行动的影响日益突出,发达国家对此负有重要责任。 相似文献
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Analysis of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height Characteristics over the Arctic Ocean Using the Aircraft and GPS Soundings 
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下载免费PDF全文 正ERRATUM to: Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, 4(2011), 124-130 On page 126 of the printed edition (Issue 2, Volume 4), Fig. 2 was a wrong figure because the contact author made mistake giving the wrong one. The corrected edition has been updated on our website. The editorial office is sincerely sorry for any 相似文献
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《大气科学进展》2014,(6)
正AN Junling;see LI Ying et al.;(5),1221—1232AN Junling;see QU Yu et al.;(4),787-800AN Junling;see WANG Feng et al.;(6),1331-1342Ania POLOMSKA-HARLICK;see Jieshun ZHU et al.;(4),743-754Baek-Min KIM;see Seong-Joong KIM et al.;(4),863-878BAI Tao;see LI Gang et al.;(1),66-84BAO Qing;see YANG Jing et al.;(5),1147—1156BEI Naifang; 相似文献
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《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2014,(6)
正Journal of Meteorological Research is an international academic journal in atmospheric sciences edited and published by Acta Meteorologica Sinica Press,sponsored by the Chinese Meteorological Society.It has been acting as a bridge of academic exchange between Chinese and foreign meteorologists and aiming at introduction of the current advancements in atmospheric sciences in China.The journal columns include Articles.Note and Correspondence,and research letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献