共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 571 毫秒
1.
产低温淀粉酶的海洋真菌筛选及研究 总被引：18，自引：1，他引：18
从黄、东海的近海海底泥样中分离到6株产淀粉酶活力较高的丝状真菌，对其中产淀粉酶活力最高的Penicillum sp.FS 010441号菌体产酶条件及酶学性质进行了初步研究。该菌最适生长温度为15℃，最高生长温度为40℃，在0℃也可生长，是典型的耐冷菌。对Penicillum sp.FS 010441进行固体培养每克干曲酶活达2622U.Penicillum sp.FS 010441所产低温淀粉酶最适作用pH值为6.0，最适反应温度为40℃，但在0℃也表现出一定酶活，而在15℃有较强的酶活。该低温淀粉酶在洗涤、食品、饲料、制药和酿酒等行业可望有广泛的应用前景。 相似文献
2.
冷活性纤维素酶性质研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对海洋嗜冷菌MB1所产冷活性纤维素酶的性质进行了研究。该酶最适反应温度为35℃,0℃时残余酶活约为20％,最适pH值为6．0,在pH5～7．5范围内酶活均较高。该酶对热敏感,50℃保温2h,残余酶活为15％;60℃时,酶完全失活。 相似文献
3.
产淀粉酶的海洋曲霉菌的分离及酶学特性初步研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
从乐清湾红树林中分离获得2株产淀粉酶的真菌,经初步鉴定为曲霉属菌株,暂命名为曲霉5#和曲霉34#。对它们的生长温度、固体发酵时的产酶条件以及淀粉酶特性进行了初步研究。该研究结果表明,曲霉5#和曲霉34#的最适生长温度分别为30~35℃和25~30℃,最高生长温度分别为40℃和35℃,在10℃下均能生长。对两株菌进行固体发酵时其最佳培养时间为96 h。两株菌所产淀粉酶的最适pH值为7.0,最适反应温度为40℃;淀粉酶在50℃下仍能保持活力,60℃下酶活力开始下降,80℃时酶几乎失活;离子对淀粉酶的激活或抑制作用也相似。 相似文献
4.
用CMC平板筛选方法,从青岛近海海域海水中分离出一株产碱性纤维素酶的海洋菌株QM11,经16S rDNA鉴定,该菌株为Cytophaga fucicola.对该菌的生物学特性研究表明,其最适生长温度为27℃,生长温度范围为4～48℃,为耐冷菌;在pH7.0～8.0、含3.0%NaC1的培养基条件下,最适宜菌株生长和产酶;QM11所产碱性纤维素酶最适反应温度为40℃,最适反应pH为9.0,在碱性条件下具有较高的酶活性和较好的稳定性.Mn2+、Fe3+对酶反应具有促进作用,Cu2+、Pb2+对酶反应具有抑制作用. 相似文献
5.
深海适冷菌SM9913产生的低温蛋白酶 总被引：14，自引：2，他引：14
从1855m深的深海泥样中分离纯化得到200多株分泌蛋白酶的适冷菌，其中3株产低温蛋白酶，本文对其中一株Pseudomonas sp.SM9913(P.SM9913)生长的适冷性和它产生的蛋白酶的适低温特性进行了研究。该菌株能够在0℃正常生长，其最适生长温度为15℃，最高生长温度为35℃。为一株适冷菌。该菌株所产蛋白酶的比合成速率在10℃时最高，催化酪蛋白水解的最适温度为35℃，在0℃仍具有3％的酶活力。最适pH为8．0。该蛋白酶的热稳定性很低，在40℃保温10min即丧失85％的活力，40℃时的半衰期为6min，为一典型的低温酶。抑制剂试验表明，该蛋白酶为金属蛋白酶。 相似文献
6.
7.
《海洋湖沼通报》2019,(6)
本文对从健康的凡纳滨对虾、日本囊对虾肠道中初步分离得到的58株菌进行产蛋白酶能力测试,筛选得到产酶能力较强的3株菌,经生理生化和16SrDNA序列分析,初步鉴定为蜡样芽孢杆菌(SDMG9)、沙福芽孢杆菌(SDVG4)及蜡样芽孢杆菌(SQVG9)。生长及产酶条件优化表明菌株SDMG9的最适生长温度为28-40℃、pH为5.5-6.5、盐度为0-20,最适产酶温度为28℃、pH为9.5、盐度为0;菌株SDVG4的最适生长温度为28-40℃、pH为5.5-8.5、盐度为10-20,最适产酶温度为40℃、pH为5.5、盐度为10;菌株SQVG9的最适生长温度为28-40℃、pH为6.5-8.5、盐度为0-20,最适产酶温度为28℃、pH为7.5、盐度为10。经溶血试验与药敏试验检测表明三株菌均无显著溶血圈且所含耐药因子较少,不具备潜在的致病性,为后续对虾肠道益生菌的筛选及应用提供了科学依据。 相似文献
8.
9.
褐藻酸降解菌A7的发酵及产酶条件研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以海藻废弃物堆肥中分离到的薄壁杆菌属（Gracillibacillus）的褐藻酸降解菌A7为研究对象，对该菌的生长及产酶条件进行了研究。结果表明，该菌的最适产酶条件为：温度30℃，海藻酸钠的质量分数0．5％，pH9．5，NaCl浓度0．5mol／L，以蛋白胨为主要氮源。在最佳条件下培养96h达到最高酶活力12．79U／mL。 相似文献
10.
从1855m深的海底泥样中分离到一株产适冷蛋白酶的适冷菌Pseudomonas sp.SM9915，经测定发现该菌株的最适生长温度为20℃，最适产酶温度为15℃，粗蛋白酶的最适酶温度为40℃。在此基础上，采用硫酸铵沉淀和分子筛层析方法对P.sp.SM9915分泌的蛋白酶进行了分离纯化。结果表明，P.sp.SM9915至少分泌三种适冷蛋白酶，并且三种蛋白酶的性质有所不同。这三种蛋白的最适pH分别为8．0、9．0、7．0。最适酶海温度分别为45℃、40℃、40℃；其热稳定性也有明显的差别，40℃下保温，酶活的半衰期分别为11min、5min和27min，表明这三种蛋白酶对低温的适应进化是不同步的。 相似文献
11.
Chandralata Raghukumar G. Sheelu P. A. Loka Bharathi Shanta Nair C. Mohandass 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(1):1-16
In order to assess the impact of deep-sea mining on the in situ benthic life, we measured the microbial standing stock and concentration of organic nutrients in the deep-sea sediments of the Central Indian Ocean Basin in the Indian pioneer area. Sediments were collected using box core and grab samples during September 1996. The total bacterial numbers ranged from 10 10 -10 11 cells per g -1 dry weight sediment. There was a marginal decrease in the number of bacteria from surface to 30 cm depth, though the subsurface section registered a higher number than did the surface. The highest numbers were encountered at depths of 4-8 cm. The retrievable number of bacteria were two orders less in comparison with the direct total counts of bacteria. An almost homogeneous distribution of bacteria, total organic carbon, living biomass, and lipids throughout the depth of cores indicates active microbial and benthic processes in the deep sea sediments. On the other hand, a uniform distribution of total counts of bacteria, carbohydrates, and total organic carbon in all the cores indicates their stable nature and suggests that they can serve as useful parameters for long-term monitoring of the area after the benthic disturbance. Further studies on temporal variability in this region would not only verify the observed norms of distribution of these variables but would also help to understand restabilization processes after the simulated benthic disturbance. 相似文献
12.
Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
13.
海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。 相似文献
14.
Geoacoustic Inversion via Genetic Algorithm and Its Application to Manganese Sediment Identification
An acoustic inversion method using a wide-band signal and two near field receivers is proposed and applied to multiple layered seabed models including a manganese sediment. The inversion problem can be formulated into a probabilistic model comprised of signals, a forward model, and additive noise. The forward model simulates wide-band signals, such as chirp signals, and is chosen to be the source-waveletconvolution plane wave modeling method. The wavelet matching technique, using weighted least-squares fitting, estimates the sediment sound-speed and thickness on which determination of the possible numerical ranges for a priori uniform distribution is based. The genetic algorithm is applied to a global optimization problem to find a maximum a posteriori solution for determined a priori search space. Here the object function is defined by an L 2 norm of the difference between measured and modeled signals. Not only the marginal pdf but also its statistics are calculated by numerical evaluation of integrals using the samples selected during importance sampling process of the genetic algorithm. 相似文献
15.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
16.
17.
Oedometer tests have been carried out on 70 undisturbed surficial clays (at approximately 250 mm below the mudline), mostly collected by free-fall corers from sites widely scattered throughout the deep-sea North Atlantic. Acoustic measurements were also made, initially on contiguous samples and ultimately on the same sample using a geophysically instrumented oedometer which also collected electrical resistivity data. Apart from those quiescent areas below the carbonate compensation depth, such as north of the West Indies where very fine clays exist, most of the samples are silty clays whose geotechnical-geophysical properties are dependent on the type of clay minerals present (and their ability to take in moisture), the sand-size fraction, and the quantity of carbonate present. Thus the pure clays have high compressibilities which decrease on the addition of coarse particles, while the converse is true for the acoustic parameters, these increasing with the sand fraction. Using the notion of the intrinsic compression line for all samples, and comparison to it of the measured compression curves, it is clear that, contrary to some previously held ideas, most deep-sea clays are normally consolidated; the addition of carbonate has the effect of creating an open, stronger sediment skeleton. Interestingly, where information is available, the variation with depth of a sample's acoustic velocity follows the void ratio pressure relationship of the compression curve. This allows the construction of an in-situ sediment compression curve using the in-situ geophysical observations. 相似文献
18.
19.
Phylogenetic diversity and phenotypic characterization of cultivable bacterioplankton isolated from polar oceans 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A set of 27 marine planktonic bacteria isolated from the polar regions was characterized by 16S rDNA sequencing and physiological and biochemical testing. More than half of these bacteria were positive for caseinase, gelatinase and 13-glucosidase, and could utilize glucose, maltose or malic acid as carbon source for cell growth. Twelve isolates expressed nitrate reduction activities. Except for one antarctic isolate BSwlO175 belonging to Actinobacteria phylum, these isolates were classified as γ-Proteobacteria, suggesting that γ-Proteobacteria dominated in cultivable marine bacterioplankton at both poles. Genus Pseudoalteromonas was the predominant group in the Chukchi Sea and the Bering Sea, and genus ShewaneUa dominated in cultivable bacterioplankton in the Prydz Bay. With sequence similarities above 97%, genus Psychrobacter was found at both poles. These 27 isolates were psychrotolerant, and significant 16S rDNA sequence similarities were found not only between arctic and antarctic marine bacteria （ 〉 99% ）, but also between polar marine bacteria and bacteria from other aquatic environments （ ≥ 98.8% ）, including temperate ocean, deep sea, pond and lake, suggesting that in the polar oceans less temperature-sensitive bacteria may be cosmopolitan and have a bipolar, even global, distribution at the species level. 相似文献
20.
The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献