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1.
斜带石斑鱼烂尾病病原菌的分离与鉴定 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
2008年5月从海南省三亚红沙港与陵水新村湾网箱养殖的患"烂尾病"的斜带石斑鱼Epinephelus coioides中分离到3株优势菌株HS08001、HS08002和XC08001.人工感染试验表明,这3株菌株为斜带石斑鱼的致病菌.经菌株形态特征、培养特性和生理生化反应等表型测定以及16S rDNA测序分析,这3株细菌被鉴定为哈维氏弧菌Vibrio harveyi.其中,HS08001对斜带石斑鱼的半致死剂量为1.05×104CFU·g-1 鱼体重.药敏试验表明,该菌具有较强的耐药性,在所检测的25中抗菌药物中,仅对庆大霉素、氯霉素和利福平高度敏感,而对阿莫西林等18种抗菌药物不敏感. 相似文献
2.
为揭示虎龙杂交斑(Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀×E. lanceolatus♂)和斜带石斑鱼(Epinephelus coioides)肠道微生物群落的结构及功能差异, 利用16S rDNA高通量测序技术对其肠道微生物群落进行分析。结果表明: (1) 虎龙杂交斑肠道微生物群落以变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和放线菌门(Actinobacteria)为主, 斜带石斑鱼中以变形菌门、梭杆菌门(Fusobacteria)和厚壁菌门为主。(2) 在属水平, 虎龙杂交斑和斜带石斑鱼肠道中均含有高丰度的弧菌属(Vibrio)。鲸杆菌属(Cetobacterium)、发光杆菌属(Photobacterium)和丙酸菌属(Propionigenium)是斜带石斑鱼肠道中的标志微生物, 而虎龙杂交斑肠道中的标志微生物为棒状杆菌属1 (Corynebacterium 1)、变形杆菌属(Proteus)、葡萄球菌属(Staphylococcus)和类香菌属(Myroides)。(3) 网络分析显示, 变形菌门在两种石斑鱼肠道中均占主导地位。(4) 功能预测表明, 虎龙杂交斑肠道微生物群落中抗坏血酸与糖醛酸代谢、植物-病原体相互作用和胰岛素信号通路显著高于斜带石斑鱼, 斜带石斑鱼肠道微生物群落的功能在万古霉素类抗生素和链霉素生物合成、亚油酸代谢、双酚降解以及类黄酮生物合成的相关途径中显著富集。研究结果有望加深对石斑鱼肠道微生物群落的认识, 为选择合适的石斑鱼养殖品种, 提高石斑鱼养殖产业的经济效益提供科学参考。 相似文献
3.
4种石斑鱼的分子遗传多样性和亲缘关系的RAPD分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
采用25个引物,对海南养殖的点带石斑鱼、广东养殖的斜带石斑鱼、南海西沙野生鲑点石斑鱼和蜂巢石斑鱼的基因组DNA进行了RAPD分析,并用UPGMA法对4种石斑鱼进行聚类分析.研究结果表明:(1)野生鲑点石斑鱼和蜂巢石斑鱼群体内遗传多样性较高,多态位点比率分别为58.07%和55.65%,平均遗传杂合度分别为0.1793和0.1622,表明南海野生石斑鱼遗传变异水平较高,种质资源状况良好;而养殖的点带石斑鱼和斜带石斑鱼遗传多样性偏低,多态位点比率分别为49.70%和40.38%,平均遗传杂合度分别为0.1349和0.1135,表明石斑鱼养殖群体遗传多样性水平有所下降,应及时采取适当的保护措施.(2)4种石斑鱼种间遗传距离及聚类分析表明,点带石斑鱼与斜带石斑鱼遗传距离最近(D=0.2570);鲑点石斑鱼与蜂巢石斑鱼遗传距离次之(D=0.5146);斜带石斑鱼与蜂巢石斑鱼的亲缘关系最远(D=0.5810).(3)在8个引物中,有区分4种石斑鱼的特异性片段,可用于这些石斑鱼的鉴定. 相似文献
4.
两种石斑鱼及其杂种子代的分子鉴定 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
针对在分类上存在混淆的点带石斑鱼和斜带石斑鱼,在形态学基础上,运用mtDNA Cytb基因扩增序列分析、RAPD、AFLP等分子标记技术对两种石斑鱼的遗传关系进行了研究.研究结果表明:(1)点带石斑鱼与斜带石斑鱼的分化已达到种间水平,mtDNACytb基因序列相似度为94.4%,AFLP扩增片段的遗传相似率为0.7539;(2)两种石斑鱼存在杂交现象,RAPD、AFLP的扩增谱图中均获得亲本与子代的特异性条带,父本对杂交子代的遗传影响略大于母本;(3)AFLP标记在点带和斜带石斑鱼及其杂交子代中的遗传符合孟德尔遗传规律,可用于构建两种石斑鱼的遗传连锁图谱.研究结果将对两种石斑鱼种质资源的保护及人工繁育的可续性提供重要参考. 相似文献
5.
人工养殖点带石斑鱼弧菌病病原菌的分离及鉴定 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8
广东、海南两省多个海水网箱养殖场养殖的点带石斑鱼(Epinephelus malabaricus)发生严重的弧菌病,从海南三亚和广东深圳的发病鱼病灶上分离到2株致病性细菌VAL02和VAL00,经人工回接感染实验证明这2株菌引起点带石斑鱼弧菌病,VAL02对点带石斑鱼苗的半致死量是2.25×10~5 cfu/g。经形态及生理生化特征分析,鉴定出VAL02及VAL00均为溶藻弧菌。应用药敏纸片法研究了22种化学疗剂对VAL02及溶藻弧菌标准株的生长抑制作用,发现VAL02对氯霉素、氟哌酸、卡那霉素和乙酰螺旋霉素等产生耐药性,对复方新诺明和环丙沙星等敏感。 相似文献
6.
以初始体重为(13.0±0.3)g的斜带石斑鱼(Epinephelus coioides)为实验对象,用铜添加量为0、1、3、5、10和20mg/kg的实验饲料投喂斜带石斑鱼8周,研究斜带石斑鱼的铜需求量。结果表明,饲料中添加0—20mg/kg铜对石斑鱼生长、饲料效率、存活率、形态学指标和红细胞比容没有显著性影响。随饲料铜水平的上升,斜带石斑鱼全鱼和肝脏的铜含量呈先上升后平稳的趋势,当饲料铜添加量达到或超过3mg/kg时,石斑鱼全鱼和肝脏的铜含量趋于平稳。折线模型表明,饲料中铜总含量为5—5.5mg/kg时,石斑鱼全鱼和肝脏的铜含量能够达到饱和。当饲料中铜总含量≥6.00mg/kg时,全鱼的铁、锰、锌含量显著下降。因此,根据全鱼和肝脏铜含量的折线模型分析,考虑到饲料铜对全鱼铁、锰、锌含量的影响,作者认为当基础饲料铜含量为1.50mg/kg时,饲料中的最适铜添加量为3mg/kg,饲料中铜总量为5—5.5mg/kg左右。 相似文献
7.
神经肽B(Neuropeptide B,NPB)在生命体的许多生理活动中发挥着重要作用,如调节摄食行为、能量平衡、睡眠、神经内分泌功能和调节炎症性疼痛等。为了研究在石斑鱼中NPB与摄食调控的关系,本文对斜带石斑鱼(Epinephelus coioides)转录组数据比对分析后,在斜带石斑鱼中克隆得到了两种NPB(NPB1和NPB2)基因的c DNA序列,首次发现鱼类存在两种NPB基因。作者对NPB编码蛋白的信号肽及其成熟肽的结构进行了预测,发现与其它脊椎动物相一致。采用实时荧光定量PCR技术,研究了斜带石斑鱼不同组织中的m RNA的表达模式,结果发现NPB1和NPB2在脑组织中广泛表达,且在下丘脑中表达最为丰富;在其它的外周组织器官中也有相应的表达。饥饿试验的研究结果表明,在禁食3d和7d后,NPB1和NPB2的m RNA表达量都发生了显著的下调;复投喂后表达量恢复。由此可见NPB1和NPB2参与了斜带石斑鱼摄食行为的调节。 相似文献
8.
9.
褐点石斑鱼脱鳞病病原菌的分离与鉴定 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
从海南陵水新村港网箱养殖脱鳞病濒死褐点石斑鱼(Epinephelus fuscoguttatus)体内分离到3 株优势菌株XC08061、XC08062 和XC08063, 经回归感染试验确定为致病菌。这3 株细菌经生化鉴定以及16S rDNA 测序分析, 确定均为哈氏弧菌(Vibrio harveyi)。其中, XC08061 对体长为12～14 cm 褐点石斑鱼的半致死剂量为5.8×102 CFU/g 鱼体质量。药敏试验表明, 该菌具有较强的耐药性, 在所检测的25种抗菌药物中, 仅对新生霉素、头孢噻肟、先锋必/舒巴坦、诺氟沙星、依诺沙星和庆大霉素6 种抗菌药物敏感。 相似文献
10.
锯缘青蟹“黄体病”病原菌的研究 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：9
从患“黄体病”锯缘青蟹的心脏血淋巴分离出一株细菌。感染试验结果表明,肌肉注射菌数9．0×107个／只,该菌可致锯缘青蟹死亡。该菌的主要特征是：革兰氏阴性,无动力,短杆状,大小为1．0～1．5μm×1．5～2．0μm;不发酵葡萄糖、乳糖、麦芽糖、蔗糖、木胶糖、果糖、甘露醇;还原硝酸盐、氧化酶和触酶阳性;苯丙氨酸脱氨酶、尿素酶和醋酸钠阴性,鉴定为非液化摩拉氏菌（Moraxellanonliguefaciens）。该菌对某些磺胺类、氨基糖苷类药物和氯霉素高度敏感。 相似文献
11.
The analysis of the structure of the cryolithozone, facies, and thicknesses of the Quaternary sediments and the results of the physicochemical mathematical modeling of the modern shelf of the western part of the Laptev Sea support the influence of the Late Pleistocene glaciations on the heat conditions and the distribution of the permafrost in the area. A ～200-m thick glacier formed under aerial conditions from atmospheric precipitation represented the metamorphosed snow cover. According to the modeling, the long-living (from 60?50 to 10?4 ky) glacier reduced the thickness of the permafrost rocks in the reviewed shelf area for 280–360 m. The Holocene marine transgression additionally decreased the thickness from 50–140 m on the inner shelf to 220–350 m on the outer shelf. The modern submarine cryolithozone 450-0 m thick is wide-spread in the studied region from the coast to the shelf boundary (isobaths of 130–140 m), where it pinches out at a distance of ～380 km from the coast at a depth of ～250 m above the sea level. 相似文献
12.
We analyze the components of the carbon system of the Sevastopol bay waters and the balance of main sediment-forming substances
using the data of field investigations in 1998–2008. The interannual variations of total inorganic carbon and the equilibrium
partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the bay water are noted. An increase in the flux of carbon dioxide into the bay and
in the content of organic carbon in bottom sediments is revealed, and an explanation of this phenomenon is given. The priority
accumulation of organic carbon in the sediments of the bay is established. We assess the interannual variation in the relative
abundances of organic and inorganic carbon as an index of the carbon cycle stability. 相似文献
13.
双壳贝类血淋巴中儿茶酚胺的检测方法初步研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究的目的是探索一种检测双壳贝类血淋巴中儿茶酚胺含量的方法。以栉孔扇贝(Chlamysfarreri)和长牡蛎(Crassostreagigas)为实验对象,研究了取样、抗氧化剂、氧化铝用量以及Tris缓冲液用量等对实验结果的影响。结果表明,高效液相色谱电化学检测器法(HPLC-ECD)可以灵敏高效地对双壳贝类血淋巴中儿茶酚胺进行定性、定量检测。实验表明,取样时间最长不超过1.5min;还原性谷胱甘肽作抗氧化剂效果较好;前处理各试剂与血样量的最适配比为血样量1.5mL,Tris缓冲液(1.5mol/L,pH8.6)1mL和氧化铝25mg;水洗后离心并尽可能吸干氧化铝中的水分。去甲肾上腺素、肾上腺素和多巴胺的回收率分别为53%~69%、47%~73%和48%~56%。 相似文献
14.
We generalize and analyze the state of investigations of the influence of river waters on the hydrologic structure of the
Black Sea. Specific features of the water, regime and hydrography of rivers flowing into the sea, data on the discharge of
rivers, and intrayear and interyear variability of the discharge are presented. We discuss and analyze works studying the
transformation of river waters, routes of desalinized sea waters, and their influence on the thermohaline structure and dynamic
regime of the sea.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
15.
为研究黄河入海径流变化条件下河口附近海域盐度扩散特征,以更好地保护河口海域生物资源多样性,本文以黄河下游利津水文站的长序列实测径流数据资料为基础,利用近海水动力模型FVCOM,分析径流变化对黄河口海域盐度的影响规律。结果表明：黄河口与莱州湾之间存在顺时针的环流系统,在余流作用以及涨落潮方向的影响下,黄河冲淡水长期向莱州湾扩散;丰水期黄河冲淡水几乎影响了整个莱州湾,27盐度锋可以到达莱州湾中部,27等盐线的表层包络面积为2 665.61 km2,占莱州湾的1/4左右,枯水期低盐度水只有向南扩散的趋势,27以下的低盐度水集中分布在黄河口门附近,27等盐线的表层包络面积只有199.65 km2;5月份,随着入海径流量增加,27等盐线扩散的范围、距离、方向都会发生明显变化。在对近海生物资源有迫切保护需求的情景下,适当减少其他用水户供水量以增加入海生态径流量,可以有效改善黄河口海域附近的盐度情况,为生物资源的生长繁殖创造良好条件。 相似文献
16.
V. A. Ivanov S. P. Lyubartseva N. Mikhailova N. B. Shapiro 《Physical Oceanography》2001,11(6):509-524
We analyze the results of numerical calculations performed according to the three-dimensional interdisciplinary model of an
ecological system of the Black-Sea shelf zone near the estuary of the Danube. The complete system of equations of hydrothermodynamics
is solved together with transport equations of the advection-diffusion-reaction type used to describe the transformation of
a substance (nitrogen) between the components of the characteristic vectors of the ecosystem: plankton, detritus, and biogenic
elements (nitrates). We describe the distinctive features of the circumcontinental distribution of components obtained as
a result of numerical experiments and present arguments for the conclusion that the ecosystem of the Danube estuary water
area plays the role of a buffer zone between the press of the Danubian biogenic pollutions and the neighbouring areas of the
shelf zone and open sea.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
17.
The authors have previously determined that the effectiveness and failure pattern of the ice cover caused by flexural-gravity waves generated by a submerged body motion near the bottom ice can greatly depend on the depth of the water area. In its turn, the presence of a ledge on the ice surface may affect a wave propagation pattern. This paper presents an experimental study of the bottom contour influence on the deflection and length of flexural-gravity waves. The authors describe a numerical model for the analysis of the deformed state of ice caused by hydrodynamic loads due to a submarine motion, taking into account the bottom contour. The experiments are carried out in the ice tank. The results of calculations and experiments are compared. 相似文献
18.
Relationship between the path of the Kuroshio in the south of Japan and the path of the Kuroshio Extension in the east 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
A relationship between paths of the Kuroshio and Kuroshio Extension (KE) is investigated, using the satellite-derived altimetry
dataset of 1993–2008. When the Kuroshio takes the nearshore nonlarge meander path or typical large meander path and resultantly
goes through the deeper channel (about 2500 m) of the Izu-Ogasawara Ridge, the KE path adopts a relatively stable state with
the two quasi-stationary meanders. On the other hand, when the Kuroshio takes the offshore nonlarge meander path and then
passes over the shallower part of the Ridge (about 1000 m), the KE path tends to be convoluted, i.e., an unstable state. 相似文献
19.
Ten years of semistationary studies of the interaction of the ice cover and the coastal relief of the Kandalakhsa Gulf in the White Sea allowed us to reveal the peculiarities of these processes in the warm and cold years and the mechanisms of the origination of ice forms, including ice tents, which govern the character of the tidal flats. Three dynamic fast ice zones are distinguished by their geomorphological location, morphology, and ice dynamics. The dependence of the mechanisms and volumes of the enrichment of the fast ice in the sediments on the coastal zone??s relief was established. At the coast of the Kindo Peninsula (Velikaya Salma Strait), the ice mostly contains fine-sandy sediments. Coarser sediments, including boulders, are occasional and frozen into the ice at the contact of the fast ice and the bottom. At the expense of the ice??s spreading by 4?C6 times in the warm years and 2?C4 times in the cold years, several thousand tons of sediments mostly from the tidal flat??s surface (100?C700 m3 from 1 km of coast in the wide tidal flats and <50 m3 on the steep coasts) are delivered to the water area. 相似文献
20.
I. E. Timchenko A. A. Primalenny V. D. Yarin E. F. Vasechkina E. M. Igumnova 《Physical Oceanography》2001,11(4):367-378
We use many-year archival observations of hydrologic and hydrobiologic state of the Sea of Azov for the identification of
the structure of a model of its ecosystem. The ecosystem model, supplemented with expert estimates of bioresource consumption
(fish reserve), contamination level, and possible ecologic fines for violation of the sea natural state, is formalized by
the method of system dynamics. Hereat, the major part of influence functions is found in terms of observational data with
application of self-organization algorithms. We also present the results of simulated experiments with the model of the ecosystem,
which enable us to analyse scenarios of its behaviour under the influence of various external factors (wind, river discharge,
water exchange with the Black Sea, etc.).
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献