排序方式： 共有63条查询结果，搜索用时 19 毫秒
51.
１９９７～１９９８年,山东省烟台市和威海市４个养殖场的养殖牙鲆发生了一种危害很大的疾病。该病症状为患病牙鲆的眼睛、口腔内外、鳍及上下体表等部位有明显囊肿物。病症轻的牙鲆援食正常且有自愈现象,病症重的牙鲆基本不摄食、部分出现死亡。自愈牙鲆体质弱,在运输过程中死亡率超过了８０×１０－２,可以说失去了商品价值。据调查,发病养殖场的鱼苗系购自同一育苗场,而该育苗场则使用了韩国亲鱼进行鱼苗生产。病理组织切片表明,在囊肿细胞的胞质内有嗜碱性、具网状结构、形状不规则的包涵体。由于本病的症状和病理组织特征与国内外有关真鲷和石斑鱼等的报道基本一致,所以,本研究初步认为该病为淋巴囊肿病。 相似文献
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机体如何识别以及清除入侵的病毒一直是免疫学研究的重点,然而对于病毒与宿主细胞相互作用的最早期信号事件的了解甚微。近几年的研究工作在先天性免疫系统如何识别早期病毒的入侵方面取得了重大进展。RIG-I样受体(RIG-I Like Receptors,RLRs)是一类新发现的胞浆内模式识别受体,能够识别细胞质中的病毒核酸,由3个成员组成,分别是RIG-I(Retinoic Acid-inducible Gene I)、MDA5(Melanoma Differentiation-Associated Gene5)和LGP2(Laboratory of Genetics and Physiology 2)。它们可通过自身的CARD结构域与下游信号分子线粒体连接蛋白(Mitochondrial Antiviral Signalling Protein,MAVS)的CARD结构域间的相互作用,激活细胞转录因子IRF和NF-κB,诱导干扰素和促炎症细胞因子的产生,从而启动固有免疫应答和调节随后的获得性免疫应答,增强机体抵抗病毒的能力。因此,RLRs对抗病毒天然免疫的建立起着非常重要的作用。文章将分别就RLRs的组成结构、对病毒核酸等靶分子的识别及其相关信号传导途径方面所取得的主要研究进展做一概述,以期为海洋生物(特别是硬骨鱼类)的抗病毒免疫应答等相关研究提供参考。 相似文献
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Immunostimulants may improve disease resistance of aquaculture animals by promoting the nonspecific immunity response of the organisms. Five types of saccharides, including chitosan, yeast polysaccharide, burdock oligosaccharide, seaweed polysaccharide and lentinus edodes polysaccharide, were screened for potential use as immunostimulants by using spectrophotometry. The saccharides were injected into Apostichopus japonicus, a sea cucumber, and the lysozyme and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities of the coelomic fluid and epidermal slime were monitored in six consecutive days. The results show that the lysozyme activity of the animal's coelomic fluid was significantly stimulated on day 2, day 4 and day 6 after the injection of the saccharides (P<0.05). The effects of chitosan and yeast polysaccharide were the most notable. The lysozyme activity of the epidermal slime was significantly increased by chitosana, yeast polysaccharide, seaweed polysaccharide, and burdock oligosaccharide on day 1 and day 2 after the injection (P<0.05). The SOD activity of the coelomic fluid was significantly promoted by the saccharides on day 2 and day 4 post-injection (P<0.05), while the SOD activity of the epidermal slime increased on day 2. These findings indicate that chitosan and yeast polysaccharide are the most effective immunostimulants and potential healthy anti-disease feedstuff for A. japonicus. 相似文献
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We compared four esterifiable enzymes.The lipase Novozym 435 possessed the highest activity for the conjugated linoleic acid esterification during the synthesis of triglycerides.The triglycerides were synthesized by esterification of glycerol and conjugated linoleic acid(CLA) in a no-solvent system using lipase catalysis.We investigated the effects of temperature,enzyme concentration,water content,and time on esterification.Enzyme and water concentrations of up to 1% of the total reaction volume and a syste... 相似文献
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RNA干扰(RNA interference,RNAi)是生物体内1种抑制特定基因表达的机制,在果蝇、线虫、真菌和哺乳动物等很多类生物中存在.RNAi也存在于虾、斑马鱼、海鞘等水生生物中,斑马鱼、海鞘等的研究结果证明:RNAi技术是研究水生生物胚胎发育和基因功能的有效方法.众所周知,海水养殖生物病毒病的防治是世界性难题,利用RNAi技术对病毒的特定基因进行干扰,将是1种新型抗病毒治疗方法.为了积极推动该项技术在中国的应用,文中介绍了RNAi在国际水生生物研究中的状况,分析了应用效果与前景. 相似文献
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栉孔扇贝(Chlamys farreri)血淋巴中一氧化氮和一氧化氮合酶的研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
采用组织化学、免疫组化和生物化学方法对栉孔扇贝血淋巴中的一氧化氮和一氧化氮合酶(EC1．14．13．39；NOS)进行了研究。结果表明，大部分血细胞呈NOS组化阳性，少量呈强阳性或弱阳性。神经型一氧化氮合酶(nNOS)和内皮型一氧化氮合酶(eNOS)在大部分血细胞呈阳性，且多在其细胞质局部集中分布；诱生型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)在大部分血细胞也呈阳性，但多较均匀分布。分光光度测定结果表明，血清和血细胞中均存在NOS和NO，结构型一氧化氮合酶(cNOS，nNOS eNOS)活力分别为2．87U和2．61U；iNOS活力分别为0．32U和0．45U；NO的含量分别为：33．64和41．67μmol／g蛋白。病毒感染后，血清和血细胞中总一氧化氮合酶(tNOS)活力实验组均高于对照组，3h时差异显著，9h和24h时差异极显著；血清和血细胞中iNOS活力在3h、9h和24h时，实验组均高于对照组，且均差异极显著；血清和血细胞中NO含量在3h、9h和24h时，实验组也均高于对照组，且均差异极显著。栉孔扇贝血淋巴中存在的NO-NOS体系可在抵抗病原生物感染方面发挥重要的作用。 相似文献
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海参纲动物的吐脏再生 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
随着现代生命科学的迅猛发展,海参表现出的极强生命现象--再生,引起了生物学家的广泛兴趣、并被作为器官再生的模型来研究.当前,在我国迅速发展的刺参养殖业中,吐脏现象给养殖者造成了很大困惑.为了搞清刺参吐脏的原因、过程及影响因子,结合对中国北方养殖刺参的吐脏再生过程研究结果、参考国内外有关文献,综述了海参再生器官的细胞起源、迁移与增殖机理,以为刺参养殖提供理论参考. 相似文献
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Defensin is one of preserved ancient host defensive materials formed in biological evolution. As a regulator and effector molecule, it is very important in animals＇ acquired immune system. This paper reports the defensin gene from the mixed liver and kidney cDNA library of abalone Haliotis discus hannai Ino. Sequence analysis shows that the gene sequence of full-length cDNA encodes 42 mature peptides （including six Cys）, molecular weight of 4 323 Da, and pI of 8.02. Amino acid sequence homology analysis shows that the peptides are highly similar （70% in common） to other insects defensin. Because of a typical insect-defensin structural character of mature peptide in the secondary structure, the polypeptide named Haliotis discus defensin （hd-def）, a novel of antimicrobial peptides, belongs to insects defensin subfamily. The RT-PCR result of Haliotis discus defensin shows that the gene can be expressed only in the hepatopancreas by Gram-negative and positive bacteria stimulation, which is ascribed to inducible expression. Therefore, it is revealed that the Haliotis discus defensin gene expression was related to the antibacterial infection of Haliotis discus hannai Ino. 相似文献
60.
Distribution and expression in vitro and in vivo of DNA vaccine against lymphocystis disease virus in Japanese flounder(Paralichthys olivaceus) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Lymphocystis disease,caused by the lymphocystis disease virus (LCDV),is a significant worldwide problem in fish industry causing substantial economic losses.In this study,we aimed to develop the DNA vaccine against LCDV,using DNA vaccination technology.We evaluated plasmid pEGFP-N2-LCDV1.3 kb as a DNA vaccine candidate.The plasmid DNA was transiently expressed after liposome transfection into the eukaryotic COS 7 cell line.The distribution and expression of the DNA vaccine (pEGFP-N2-LCDV1.3kb) were also ana... 相似文献