共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 78 毫秒
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目的：优选补肾健骨凝胶的制备工艺。方法：采用正交试验法,以干膏得量、补骨脂素、异补骨脂素含量为评价指标,优选最佳提取工艺;以外观形态、凝胶初黏度、pH值、指标成分累积渗透量为指标,分别将空白基质、中和剂及促渗剂进行筛选。结果：最佳提取工艺为按处方比例,称取除龙血竭外的补骨脂等5味药材,提取3次,第1次加8倍量80%乙醇,第2、3次分别加8倍量水,每次提取1 h。卡波姆、三乙醇胺、月桂氮卓酮的用量分别为制成量的1%、2%、2%。结论：制得的凝胶质地光滑细腻、药物分散良好。 相似文献
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以正十九碳酸(C19：0)为内标,用HCI-CH3OH溶液提酯化雨生红球藻后进行毛细管气相色谱分析。通过正交实验确定抽提和酯化雨生红球藻脂肪酸的最佳酯化酸度、超声破碎时间和水浴时间。该法对雨生红球藻游动细胞脂肪酸含量测定的相对偏差为0．4％～9．5％;对雨生红球藻孢子为3．0％～11．8％。仪器的检测限为0．942μg。结果表明,雨生红球藻绿色游动细胞的饱和脂肪酸组分主要是C16：0,含量为2．22％;不饱和脂肪酸主要有C16：1,C18：2,C18：1和C18：3,含量在0.764％～3．28％。雨生红球藻孢子中的饱和脂肪酸主要有C16：0和C18：0,含量分别为4．34％和0．477％;不饱和脂肪酸主要为C16：1,C18：2,C18：1和C18：3;含量在0．901％～8．20％。 相似文献
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毛细管气相色谱法测定海带提取多糖中的L-褐藻糖含量 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
建立快速而准确灵敏的方法测定海带(Laminaria japonica)提取多糖——褐藻多糖硫酸酯中的L,褐藻糖含量。海带多糖经酸解后,转化成糖腈乙酸酯衍生物。采用SGEAC225毛细管柱进行分离,实验中以肌醇为内标物。从青岛产海带提取的褐藻多糖硫酸酯中仅含有L,褐藻糖和I)-半乳糖2种单糖,样品10-1,10-2,10-3,1阻4中的L褐藻糖的平均含量分别为32．9072％,32．3147％,31．2924％,32．3571％,回收率为97．1％～99．9％,变异系数为0．23％～0．60％。采用气相色谱法测定海带多糖中的L褐藻糖含量准确、可靠。 相似文献
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目的：优选复方莪术散颗粒的最佳提取与颗粒制备工艺,为该复方的开发利用提供试验依据。方法：采用正交试验法对复方莪术散进行提取,以淫羊藿苷的含量和收率综合评价为指标,通过L9（34）正交试验设计对醇的用量、提取的时间和提取次数进行考察,优选复方莪术散的醇提取工艺,再以浸膏为原料,通过L9（34）正交试验设计考察稀释剂（可溶性淀粉）的比例及粘合剂（乙醇）的浓度和干燥温度,制备复方莪术散颗粒。结果：复方莪术散提取最佳工艺为A2B22C11D1,即处方药材加60%浓度的10倍剂量的乙醇,提取2次,每次1.5h为最优。最佳制备工艺为A3B2C2,即干浸膏∶淀粉的比例为1∶2.5,并以90%乙醇为湿润剂,采用湿法制粒的方法,干燥温度为60℃,所制得颗粒剂经检查符合相关要求。结论：本试验所得复方莪术散颗粒剂的提取与制备工艺合理、可行,为该复方的开发利用提供了试验依据。 相似文献
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螺旋藻单半乳糖二酰甘油酯脂肪酸分子组成分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用硅胶柱层析法，从螺旋藻总脂中分离提取出单半乳糖二酰甘油酯(MGDG)，通过高效液相色谱(HPLC)分离纯化得到7个主要组分。经酶解(Lipase XI,Rhizopus arrhizus)、酯化,通过气相色谱(GC)分析MGDG及7其个主要组分中脂肪酸含量和分子组成。结果表明，MGDG中主要含有16：0，18：3,18：2以及少量20：4和20：5。MGDG中Sn-2位80％多为饱和脂肪酸16：0，Sn-1位57％以上为18：3。根据HPLC分离纯化所得7种主要组分的百分含量和Sn-1和Sn-2位脂肪酸的分析计算可得。MGDG主要脂肪酸分子组成为43．6％(18：3，16：0)，13．9％(16：0,16：0)，9．9％(18：2，16：0)，8．9％(18：3，16：1)。 相似文献
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Chandralata Raghukumar G. Sheelu P. A. Loka Bharathi Shanta Nair C. Mohandass 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(1):1-16
In order to assess the impact of deep-sea mining on the in situ benthic life, we measured the microbial standing stock and concentration of organic nutrients in the deep-sea sediments of the Central Indian Ocean Basin in the Indian pioneer area. Sediments were collected using box core and grab samples during September 1996. The total bacterial numbers ranged from 10 10 -10 11 cells per g -1 dry weight sediment. There was a marginal decrease in the number of bacteria from surface to 30 cm depth, though the subsurface section registered a higher number than did the surface. The highest numbers were encountered at depths of 4-8 cm. The retrievable number of bacteria were two orders less in comparison with the direct total counts of bacteria. An almost homogeneous distribution of bacteria, total organic carbon, living biomass, and lipids throughout the depth of cores indicates active microbial and benthic processes in the deep sea sediments. On the other hand, a uniform distribution of total counts of bacteria, carbohydrates, and total organic carbon in all the cores indicates their stable nature and suggests that they can serve as useful parameters for long-term monitoring of the area after the benthic disturbance. Further studies on temporal variability in this region would not only verify the observed norms of distribution of these variables but would also help to understand restabilization processes after the simulated benthic disturbance. 相似文献
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海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。 相似文献
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Geoacoustic Inversion via Genetic Algorithm and Its Application to Manganese Sediment Identification
An acoustic inversion method using a wide-band signal and two near field receivers is proposed and applied to multiple layered seabed models including a manganese sediment. The inversion problem can be formulated into a probabilistic model comprised of signals, a forward model, and additive noise. The forward model simulates wide-band signals, such as chirp signals, and is chosen to be the source-waveletconvolution plane wave modeling method. The wavelet matching technique, using weighted least-squares fitting, estimates the sediment sound-speed and thickness on which determination of the possible numerical ranges for a priori uniform distribution is based. The genetic algorithm is applied to a global optimization problem to find a maximum a posteriori solution for determined a priori search space. Here the object function is defined by an L 2 norm of the difference between measured and modeled signals. Not only the marginal pdf but also its statistics are calculated by numerical evaluation of integrals using the samples selected during importance sampling process of the genetic algorithm. 相似文献
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Derek V. Ellis 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(1):51-63
This article reviews information recently available from existing marine and coastal mining for responses to environmental issues affecting marine mining at different depths. It is particularly but not exclusively concerned with those issues affecting seabed biodiversity impact and recovery. Much information has been gathered in the past 10 years from shallow mining operations for construction aggregate, diamonds, and gold, from coastal mines discharging tailings to shallow and deep water, and from experimental deep mining tests. The responses to issues identified are summarized in a series of eight tables intended to facilitate site-specific consideration. Since impacts can spread widely in the surface mixing layer SML, and can affect the biologically productive euphotic zone, the main issues considered arise from the depth of mining relative to the SML of the sea. Where mining is below the SML, the issue is whether it is environmentally better to bring the extraction products to the surface vessel for processing (and waste discharge), or to process the extraction products as much as possible on the seabed. Responses to the issues need to be sitespecific, and dependent on adequate preoperational environmental impact and recovery prediction. For deep tailings disposal from a surface vessel, there are four important environmental unknowns: (1) the possible growth of "marine snow" (bacterial flocs) utilizing the enormous quantities of fine tailings particles (hundreds or thousands of metric tons per day) as nuclei for growth, (2) the possibility that local keystone plankton and nekton species may migrate diurnally down to and beyond the depth of deep discharge and hence be subjected to tailings impact at depth, (3) the burrow-up capability of deep benthos and their ability to survive high rates of tailings deposition, and (4) the pattern and rate of dispersion of a tailings density current through the deep water column from discharge point to seabed. Actions to obtain relevant information in general and site-specifically are suggested. 相似文献
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G. Parthiban 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2000,18(3):223-235
Particle fluxes were measured 7 m above the sea bottom during the predisturbance, disturbance, and postdisturbance periods by using time series sediment traps attached to seven deep-sea moorings deployed in the INDEX experiment site in the Central Indian Basin. The predisturbance particle fluxes varied between 22.3 to 55.1 mg m -2 day -1 . Increased and variable particle fluxes were recorded by the sediment traps during the disturbance period. The increase observed was 0.5 to 4 times more than the background predisturbance fluxes. The increases in particle fluxes (~4 times) recorded by the sediment trap located in the southwestern direction (DMS-1) were the greatest, which could be the result of preferential movement of resuspended particles generated during the deep-sea benthic disturbance along the general current direction prevailing in this area during the experimental period. Also, the traps located closer to the disturbance area recorded greater fluxes than did the traps far away, across the Deep Sea Sediment Resuspension System path. This variability in recorded particle fluxes by the traps around the disturbance area clearly indicates that physical characteristics such as grain size and density of the resuspended particles produced during the disturbance had an important effect on particle movement. The postdisturbance measurements during ~5 days showed a reduction in particle fluxes of ~50%, indicating rapid particle settlement. 相似文献
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The advanced piston corer (APC) has been used by the Ocean Drilling Program since 1985 for recovering soft sediments from the ocean floor. The pullout force measured on extracting the core barrel from the sediment is shown to correlate with the average shear strength of the sediment core measured in the ship's laboratory. A simple rule of thumb is derived relating the shear strength of the sediment to the pullout force. Multiple APC holes at individual sites allow the consistency of the pullout measurements to be assessed. The effects of different operational procedures during APC coring are also explored. Although generally applicable, the correlation between pullout force and laboratory measurements of shear strength breaks down for some APC holes, possibly because of the disturbance of some sediment types during the APC coring process. A better understanding of the physical process of APC coring, and its effect on the properties of the sediment both inside and immediately outside the core barrel, would indicate what confidence can be put on the measurement of pullout force as a way of evaluating the in situ shear strength of deep sea sediments. 相似文献
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Phylogenetic diversity and phenotypic characterization of cultivable bacterioplankton isolated from polar oceans 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A set of 27 marine planktonic bacteria isolated from the polar regions was characterized by 16S rDNA sequencing and physiological and biochemical testing. More than half of these bacteria were positive for caseinase, gelatinase and 13-glucosidase, and could utilize glucose, maltose or malic acid as carbon source for cell growth. Twelve isolates expressed nitrate reduction activities. Except for one antarctic isolate BSwlO175 belonging to Actinobacteria phylum, these isolates were classified as γ-Proteobacteria, suggesting that γ-Proteobacteria dominated in cultivable marine bacterioplankton at both poles. Genus Pseudoalteromonas was the predominant group in the Chukchi Sea and the Bering Sea, and genus ShewaneUa dominated in cultivable bacterioplankton in the Prydz Bay. With sequence similarities above 97%, genus Psychrobacter was found at both poles. These 27 isolates were psychrotolerant, and significant 16S rDNA sequence similarities were found not only between arctic and antarctic marine bacteria （ 〉 99% ）, but also between polar marine bacteria and bacteria from other aquatic environments （ ≥ 98.8% ）, including temperate ocean, deep sea, pond and lake, suggesting that in the polar oceans less temperature-sensitive bacteria may be cosmopolitan and have a bipolar, even global, distribution at the species level. 相似文献
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Oedometer tests have been carried out on 70 undisturbed surficial clays (at approximately 250 mm below the mudline), mostly collected by free-fall corers from sites widely scattered throughout the deep-sea North Atlantic. Acoustic measurements were also made, initially on contiguous samples and ultimately on the same sample using a geophysically instrumented oedometer which also collected electrical resistivity data. Apart from those quiescent areas below the carbonate compensation depth, such as north of the West Indies where very fine clays exist, most of the samples are silty clays whose geotechnical-geophysical properties are dependent on the type of clay minerals present (and their ability to take in moisture), the sand-size fraction, and the quantity of carbonate present. Thus the pure clays have high compressibilities which decrease on the addition of coarse particles, while the converse is true for the acoustic parameters, these increasing with the sand fraction. Using the notion of the intrinsic compression line for all samples, and comparison to it of the measured compression curves, it is clear that, contrary to some previously held ideas, most deep-sea clays are normally consolidated; the addition of carbonate has the effect of creating an open, stronger sediment skeleton. Interestingly, where information is available, the variation with depth of a sample's acoustic velocity follows the void ratio pressure relationship of the compression curve. This allows the construction of an in-situ sediment compression curve using the in-situ geophysical observations. 相似文献