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1.
采用高效毛细管电泳法（HPCE）对酶解褐藻胶寡糖进行了分离分析,考察了缓冲液浓度、pH、电压及温度等参数对寡糖分离的影响.实验结果表明在pH=2.5,100mmol/L 磷酸盐缓冲液中,运行电压20kV,电泳由负极到正极,温度30℃,235nm紫外检测条件下,酶解褐藻胶寡糖获得了高效分离. 相似文献
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以双功能褐藻胶裂解酶 (Pseudoalteromonas sp.strain No. 2 72 )分别降解均聚古罗糖醛酸(PG)和均聚甘露糖醛酸 (PM) ,经 Bio- Gel- P6和 POROS- HQ2 0分离得到 2种三糖纯品 ,经 ESI- MS,1 H- NMR,1 3 C- NMR,1 H- 1 H COSY,1 H- 1 3 C HMQC确定其结构为 Δ4,5-古罗糖醛酸 - α(1→ 4 ) - L-古罗糖醛酸 -α(1→ 4 ) - L -古罗糖醛酸 (简写为Δ GG)和Δ4,5-甘露糖醛酸 -β (1→ 4 ) - D-甘露糖醛酸 -β (1→ 4 ) - D-甘露糖醛酸 (ΔMM) ,为进一步从事构效关系研究提供结构信息。 相似文献
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Vibrio sp.510产褐藻胶裂合酶的底物专一性分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Vibrio sp.51 0具有很强的产生褐藻胶裂合酶的能力。本实验对该菌发酵产生的褐藻胶裂合酶经疏水色谱除去杂蛋白 ,再经灌注色谱分离得到 3个酶组分峰。经底物专一性检测 ,峰 1和峰 3对聚甘露糖醛酸和聚古罗糖醛酸均具降解作用 ,峰 2只对聚甘露糖醛酸有降解作用。园二色谱测定酶的二级结构 :峰 1结构最为复杂 ,以β-转角为最高 ,占 31 .5% ,无规线团占 2 7% ,α-螺旋占 2 5.8% ;峰2为β-折叠 ,占 95.5% ;峰 3以 60 %的α-螺旋和 40 %的无规线团形式存在。 3个分离峰的底物专一性和二级结构的差异证明了褐藻胶裂合酶蛋白的结构与功能之间的相关性。 相似文献
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用壳聚糖酶降解法对壳聚糖进行降解制备壳低聚糖，研究了温度、pH、底物浓度、脱乙酰度、反应时间对酶促反应的影响。对酶解产物进行HPLC分析，用Bio—Gel P-4柱对酶解产物进行初步分离。结果表明，壳聚糖酶降解壳聚糖的最适温度为45℃，pH为6．0，最适底物质量分数为6％，脱乙酰度越高酶解反应所得产物的数均相对分子质量越小，24h后酶解反应达到平衡，酶解产物壳寡糖水溶性极好。P-4柱分离得到聚合度20以上，10～20，10以下3种壳寡糖。 相似文献
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采用氧化降解和酶降解两种方法制备壳寡糖.并对降解产物的氨基质量分数变化,平均分子质量进行了分析和测定.结果表明,氧化降解法降解速率快,降解产物的平均分子质量都低于2 ku,但降解产物的氨基质量分数均有部分损失;酶法降解产物的氨基含量基本没有损失,但酶法降解的时间较长,得到的产物平均分子质量较高.分别采用木瓜蛋白酶和纤维素酶时壳聚糖进行降解,经过24 h降解,平均分子质量从630 ku分别降至43 ku和25 ku左右,表明纤维素酶的水解能力强于木瓜蛋白酶. 相似文献
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褐藻胶是一种多糖,为线性长链聚合物,呈大分子网状结构体,其基本单元是甘露糖醛酸共聚块(M-块)和古罗糖醛酸共聚块(G-块)及M者交替共聚块(MG-块),褐藻多糖是细胞壁的重要组成部分,并具有良好的胶体化学性能,如悬浮、乳化、增稠、絮凝等特性,被广泛应用于食品、医药等行业.本文应用汞膜电极反向极谱法以Ph+2等离子为例,研究和探讨了植物生长所必需的微量元素对褐藻胶结构的穿透性,为试制以褐藻多糖为一定组分的新型植物生长化控营养素提供理论参考. 相似文献
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褐藻胶寡糖体外清除自由基活性的研究 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8
采用化学发光法和大肠杆菌法研究了褐藻胶寡糖A1,A2和A3对O2.-,.OH和次氯酸3种自由基的清除作用。结果表明:褐藻胶寡糖A1,A2和A3对3种自由基均有较好的清除作用,而且清除活性随糖浓度的增加而加强。在O2.-体系中,褐藻胶寡糖A1清除效果要好于Vc,IC50为8μg/mL,A2和A3的IC50分别为18μg/mL和0.14mg/mL。在.OH体系中,寡糖A1和A2对.OH的清除效果比寡糖A3显著,IC50分别为0.01mg/mL,0.03mg/mL和0.23mg/mL。在清除次氯酸自由基体系中,大肠杆菌存活率达50%时寡糖的浓度分别为0.8mg/mL,1.3mg/mL和1.7mg/mL。实验表明褐藻胶寡糖A1(MW<1 000)在3种体系中均有很好的清除作用,分子量大小对褐藻胶清除自由基的活性有显著影响。 相似文献
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在自褐藻类提取褐藻胶的过程中,有许多因素能使粘度遭到破坏,例如加热提取温度、碱浓度、加酸凝聚时的酸度、干燥温度等。关于海蒿子褐藻胶在提取前和提取过程中的一些影响粘度的因素,海蒿子采集后经过淡水洗涤与不洗涤的影响,以及其在贮存期间内的不同程度的变质等已在前报中报导过。
为了了解褐藻胶的降解原因, 1954年以来,我们对于褐藻胶原料海蒿子的处理以及原料和产品(褐藻酸及其盐类)的贮存条件进行了一些实验,所用提取方法和粘度测定方法与前报相同。 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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Coastal inundation associated with extreme sea levels is the main factor which leads to the loss of life and property whenever a severe tropical cyclonic storm hits the Indian coasts. The Andhra and Orissa coasts are most vulnerable for coastal inundation due to extreme rise in sea levels associated with tropical cyclones. Loss of life may be minimized if extreme sea levels and associated coastal flooding is predicted well in advance. Keeping this in view, location specific coastal inundation models are developed and applied for the Andhra and Orissa coasts of India. Several numerical experiments are carried out using the data of past severe cyclones that struck these regions. The simulated inland inundation distances are found to be in general agreement with the reported flooding. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
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Hoi-Soo Jung Kap-Sik Jeong Yong-Shik Chu Sung-Hyun Park Ki-Hyune Kim 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(3):181-195
Grain size and water content in box-core sediments from the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone (C-C zone) in the northeast equatorial Pacific were analyzed in detail to understand the downcore variations across a hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Grain-size distributions in the topmost core sediments show two modes: a coarse mode (peaked at 50 μm) and a fine mode (at 2-25 μm). The coarse mode disappears gradually with depth accompanied by the dissolution of siliceous fossil tests, whereas the fine mode coarsens due to the formation of authigenic minerals. Water content increases abruptly across a color boundary between an upper pale brown layer and a lower dark brown layer that is the hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Abundant smectites and microvoid molds, which are created by the prolonged fossil dissolution in the underlying sediment, are attributed for the abrupt downcore variation of water content. Overall variations in grain size and water content in the topmost core sediments in the western C-C zone are possibly constrained by the dissolution of biogenic siliceous fossils. Variations in geotechnical properties related to these changes must be considered in the design of nodule collectors. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2001,24(1):27-33
This article concerns an interrelation between the sea levels and the western boundary flow near a tectonic boundary in a local zone in the Northwestern Pacific. In this zone, sea level variations at stations located on the coast facing the Pacific are studied to find the interrelation between variations of the Kurosio flow as an index of the distance of the flow axis off a specific coast. The result is discussed after data processing of the monthly means of the sea levels, and a notice is taken of variations caused by active crustal upheavals during a seismic event, a local earthquake. 相似文献
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This study tests the hypothesis that the in situ void ratio of surficial marine sediments may be predicted from shear wave velocity-depth data with a reliability equal to that of other methods currently available. Shear wave velocity is fundamentally controlled by the number of grain-to-grain contacts per unit volume of material and by the effective stress across those contacts. In this study, three previously established empirical formulae are used to predict void ratio from velocity-depth data. Field data were acquired along a transect off the northern Californian coast across which water depth increased from 35 to 70 m and seafloor sediment type varied from sand to silty-sand, respectively. A towed seafloor sled device was used to collect shear wave refraction data, and a marked, systematic decrease in velocity was observed along the line, ranging from 35-70 m/s for the coarse, near-shore material to 25-40 m/s for the finer, offshore deposits. Void ratios predicted from these velocities were compared with data measured directly from box-core samples. Of the formulae used for prediction, two agree remarkably well with the control data. Both predicted and control values increase from 0.6-0.8 for the sandy material to 1.1-1.5 for the silty-sand. Thus, this study does not disprove the hypothesis set and demonstrates the potential of field shear wave velocity-depth data as a means of delineating spatial variation in void ratio for surficial marine sediments in a remote, nondestructive manner. 相似文献
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Particulate samples were collected from the Changjiang river system during a flood period, in May 1997, and POC, stable isotope and lipids associated with particles were examined. Results showed the decrease (0.84% ～ 1.88%) of organic carbon content from the upper reaches to the estuary.δ13C values of particulate organic carbon was in the range of -24.9×10-3 to -26.6×10-3, which were close to the isotopic signature of continental C3 vegetation. Total particulate n-alkanes concentrations varied from 1.4 to 10.1μg/dm3,or from 23.7 to 107μg/g of total suspended matter. Fatty acids were present in all the samples, from 1.4 to 5.4μg/dm3, with saturated and unsaturated straight-chain and branched compounds in the carbon number range from C12 to C30. Both δ13C and the ratio of carbon content to nitrogen content indicate the predominance of terrestrial inputs (soil organic matter) among the particles. The biomarker approach has been used to identify the relative portion of terrigenous and autochthonous fraction in the particulate samples. The distribution of fatty acids suggests a striking phytoplanktonic and microbial signal in most particle samples. The terrestrial alkanes are used to estimate the contribution of terrestrial inputs along the mainstream. 相似文献