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1.
海带幼孢子体的光合碳利用   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
于1999年10月,采用pH移移技术研究了海带幼孢子虫的无机碳源利用途径以及无机碳对幼孢子体光合碳利用的影响。结果表明,在天然海水中(pH=8.1-8.3),海带幼孢子体外源无机碳的利用形式主要是HCO3^-,HCO3^-由质膜外碳酸酐酶(CA)将HCO3^-水解成CO2,以游离CO2形式扩散进入细胞,占全部无机碳供应的75%。游离CO2只占所吸收总无机碳的25%;在游离CO2浓度接近于零(pH=9.1)时,幼孢子体的全部无机碳源均来自于HCO3^-的水解。提高海水中无机碳的浓度能增加海带对无机碳的利用量,当无机碳浓度达到3.5mmol/L时,无机碳的利用速率达到最大值,说明天然海水中的无机碳不能满足其最大生长的需要。  相似文献   

2.
雨生红球藻的信号物质   总被引:14,自引:1,他引:14  
以单细胞雨生红球藻为材料,在室内通气培养条件下,研究了经该藻处理过的培养液内是否存在对细胞生长或转化产生影响的信号物质。对比研究结果表明,处理过的旧液明显不利于红球藻游动细胞生长,但有利于不动细胞增加。预显着旧液中可能存在着降低游动细胞生长、同时还促使游动细胞向不动细胞转化的信号物质。旧液中该信号物质的多少与原来处理旧液的藻细胞密度有密切关系,密度越大信号物质越多,对细胞生长和转化的作用也越强。  相似文献   

3.
采用反相高效液相色谱分析法(RP-HPLC)研究了稀土元素铈(Ce^3+)对雨生红球藻(Haematococcus pluvialis)生长及虾青素积累的影响。结果表明,低质量浓度的Ce^3+对微藻生长和虾青素积累均具有明显的促进作用,当Ce^3+的质量浓度为0.1mgm时,对藻生长的促进效果最佳,细胞密度较对照组提高34%;当Ce^3+的质量浓度为1mg/L时,虾青素质量分数可达到细胞干质量的3.2%,较对照组提高167%。此外,高质量浓度Ce^3+的对雨生红球藻有抑制作用,当Ce^3+的质量浓度高于40mgm时,红球藻的生长完全被抑制,虾青素质量分数也明显降低。  相似文献   

4.
不同碳氮浓度对雨生红球藻生长及虾青素累积的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
研究了不同二氧化碳浓度和硝酸钾浓度对雨生红球藻生长及虾青素累积的影响。结果表明,较高浓度的CO2(600×10-6)能够显著促进雨生红球藻的生长、光合作用的进行和虾青素的累积。红球藻单个细胞内的虾青素含量随着培养液中硝酸钾浓度的降低而增加,绿色游动藻种和绿色不动藻种培养12 d后获得的最大虾青素值分别为10.93 pg/个和12.64 pg/个。连续通气是促进雨生红球藻生长及虾青素累积的一种有效碳源提供方式。  相似文献   

5.
气升式光生物反应器培养裙带菜配子体的初步研究   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3  
在升气式光生物反应器中培养裙带菜配子体无性系。比生长速率最高为0.262d^-1,在快速生长期,日平均增重达到30%。通过在线测定DO和pH值变化实时了解配子体光合、呼吸作用的情况,通过测定碱度分析 子体对无机碳的利用情况,表明HCO3一直处于较高浓度,为配子体所利用的主要碳源。测定培养液的盐度、NO3^-和PO4^3-的浓度,其中NO3^-的利用量与配子体的生长相对应,而盐度变化可反映配子体对营养盐的作用。  相似文献   

6.
亚硝基肌(NTG)对雨生红球藻的诱变效应   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
用浓度分别为0,0.5,1,1.5,2,2.5,3,3.5g/L的亚硝基胍(NTG)处理雨生红球藻(Haematococcus Pluvialis),处理后的藻细胞分别置于100mL三角烧瓶培养,3d后用细胞计数测定抑制率。结果表明,NTG浓度为2.5g/L时生长K值最大,为0.389;藻液的细胞干质量最大.为0.711g/L;虾青素含量也最多,为1.86975 mg/L,之后随着浓度的增加反而下降。  相似文献   

7.
采用细胞计数法,研究了重要经济微藻——雨生红球藻对10种基因工程常用选择试剂的敏感性。结果表明,雨生红球藻对除草剂草丁膦和抗生素Zeocin比较敏感,50μg/ml的草丁膦和25μg/ml的Zeocin可明显地抑制雨生红球藻生长,尤其是50μg/ml的草丁膦能导致细胞两周内全部死亡;高浓度的卡那霉素和硫酸链霉素也可抑制雨生红球藻的生长;雨生红球藻对包括氯霉素和G418在内的其他6种试剂不敏感,即使处理浓度高达1000μg/ml。本文结果提示草丁膦可能是雨生红球藻基因工程适宜的选择试剂,其相应的抗性基因bar可能成为雨生红球藻遗传转化的选择标记基因。  相似文献   

8.
长江入河口区生源要素的浓度变化及通量估算   总被引:38,自引:4,他引:38  
利用近几十年长江大通断面的实测流量和生源要素(C、N、P、Si)资料,讨论了C、N、P、Si较长时间序列浓度的变化特征和长江入河口区的通量,结果表明,HCO3^-浓度比较稳定,波动较小;NO3^-,NO2^-,PO4^3-主要呈上升趋势;游离CO2,NH4^ 和SiO3^2-浓度表现出一定下降趋势;估算并研究了长江C、N、P、Si入河口区年内各月的平均通量,年际间各年的通量和多年平均的年均通量和主要变化特征;利用月通量序列以及相应的流量序列,拟合出可以利用已知的月均流量预测进入河口区的月通量的关系函数,这些研究是进行河口区生源要素收支平衡计算的重要基础。  相似文献   

9.
第三节 海水总碱度及其示性特征   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
海水总碱度是指中和1升海水中的质子接受体所需强酸的毫克当量数。一对海水总碱度贡献最大的弱酸阴离子是HCO3^-,其次是CO3^2-和H2BO3^-。在大多数情况下,各种有机酸根及活性无机磷酸盐对海水总碱度的影响是微不足道的。海水总碱度通常在2.3-2.4meq/l的水平上。它与海水氯度的比值称作比碱度。总碱度和比碱度都是相对保守的水化学指标,它们的示性特征在海洋学研究中是非常有用的。  相似文献   

10.
亚硫酸还原酶是硫代谢的关键酶。本文首次从雨生红球藻(Haematococcus pluvialis)中克隆了亚硫酸还原酶基因(sir),发现该sir的DNA序列由3 885个核苷酸组成,包括9个内含子,cDNA序列全长为2 079 bp,编码692个氨基酸,属于NiR/SiR铁氧还蛋白超家族。系统发育分析表明,雨生红球藻中的sir基因与其他淡水绿藻的亲缘关系最近。在0~50 mmol/L Na_2SO_3浓度范围内,sir基因转录水平与Na_2SO_3浓度呈正相关,说明雨生红球藻中sir基因与亚硫酸盐代谢直接相关。对不同硫浓度条件下sir的转录水平分析表明,雨生红球藻sir的转录水平会随培养时间呈周期性变化,0.5 g/L MgSO_4·7H_2O组sir基因的转录水平在前4天明显上调,显著高于其他各组。培养基中不同硫浓度对雨生红球藻生长的影响表明,0.5 g/L MgSO_4·7H_2O组表现出明显的生长优势,在第10天表现出最高的细胞密度。因此,0.5 g/L MgSO_4·7H_2O更适宜作为雨生红球藻培养中的硫酸盐添加量。  相似文献   

11.
彭鹏飞  马媛  史荣君  王迪  许欣  颜彬 《海洋科学》2022,46(10):140-149
根据2018年7月、11月和2019年1月、4月对广东考洲洋牡蛎养殖海域进行4个季节调查获得的pH、溶解无机碳(DIC)、水温、盐度、溶解氧(DO)及叶绿素a(Chla)等数据,估算该区域表层海水溶解无机碳体系各分量的浓度、初级生产力(PP)、表层海水CO2分压[p(CO2)]和海-气界面CO2交换通量(FCO2),分析牡蛎养殖活动对养殖区碳循环的影响。结果表明:牡蛎养殖区表层海水中Chla、DIC、HCO3PP显著低于非养殖区;养殖淡季表层海水中pH、DO、DIC、HCO3、和CO32–显著大于养殖旺季,养殖旺季的p(CO2)和FCO2显著大于养殖淡季。牡蛎养殖区表层海水夏季、秋季、冬季和春季的海-气界面CO2交换通量FCO2平均值分别是(42.04±9.56)、(276.14±52.55)、(–11.59±18.15)和(–13.02±6.71)mmol/(m2·d),冬季各站位FCO2值离散度较大,其中位数是–10.73mmol/(m2·d)。在全年尺度,表层海水p(CO2)及FCO2与水温呈显著正相关,与盐度呈显著负相关。在非养殖区,浮游植物光合作用可能对影响表层海水p(CO2)及FCO2起主导作用。养殖牡蛎钙化、呼吸作用等生理因素释放的CO2对表层海水p(CO2)及FCO2未产生显著影响。考洲洋养殖海域养殖旺季为CO2的源,养殖淡季整体为CO2的弱汇。  相似文献   

12.
兼养对雨生红球藻细胞生长的促进作用及藻株差异性   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
结合叶绿素荧光技术,对比研究了不同雨生红球藻藻株在兼养(光照+乙酸钠)培养过程中细胞生长和光合作用的共性与差异性反应。结果表明:兼养明显提高红球藻细胞密度和比生长速率;乙酸钠不仅为红球藻提供异养的有机碳源,而且还明显导致藻细胞光自养的光合综合性能指数发生改变,兼养对细胞生长促进作用的贡献在前期主要来自于其中的异养部分,而在后期却明显来自于自养部分;兼养对细胞生长的促进作用在藻株之间存在一定差异,不同藻株对乙酸钠的适应能力和最适质量浓度也存在明显差异,藻株H0可适应的乙酸钠质量浓度较高,而藻株H6对乙酸钠需求和适应性相对较低。上述结果意味着规模化培养红球藻过程中,针对不同藻株采用适宜乙酸钠兼养方式可有效缩短培养周期,提高生产效率。  相似文献   

13.
The influence of macronitrogen (NO - 3 and NH + 4 ) addition with Ulva pertusa on dissolved inorganic carbon system in seawater was studied. The results indicate that p(CO 2 ) and HCO 3 concentration decrease significantly, while pH and CO 2- 3 concentration increase significantly. When the concentration of NO 3 was less than 71 μmol/dm 3 or NH + 4 was less than 49.7 μmol/dm 3 , dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) absorption rates by Ulva pertusa generally increased with the increasing of nitrogen concentration. The DIC decreased 151 μmol/dm 3 with the addition of 71 μmol/dm 3 NO 3 and decreased 232 μmol/dm 3 with the addition of 49.7 μmol/dm 3 NH + 4 after the experiment compared with DIC measured without nitrogen addition. A significant negative-correlation was found between c(DIC) and growth rate (μ) of Ulva pertusa (r = -0.91, P <0.000 1, n=11). NH + 4 had more influence on the species of inorganic carbon system than NO 3 .  相似文献   

14.
渤海海峡冬季无机碳的立体分布特征及其源汇变化   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
根据2010年2月至2010年3月对渤海海峡3个断面39个站位表层、10 m层和30 m层水体中盐度、水温、叶绿素a以及无机碳等参数的测定数据,分析了该季节溶解无机碳的分布特征以及源汇变化状况,探讨了影响其分布的主要因素。结果显示,调查期间渤海海峡水体中各水层溶解无机碳(DIC)及其组分浓度分布较一致,其中DIC及HCO3-的浓度等值线分布均呈现出从西南向东北梯度降低的趋势,且受温度影响明显;二氧化碳分压[p(CO2)]则表现出与叶绿素a含量成明显负相关的分布特征;位于渤海海峡东部的H断面垂直方向上,由于受黄海、渤海水团在海峡中部交汇混合形成的水体紊流影响,DIC及其组分在断面中部等值线分布较两边曲折。冬季渤海海峡表现出明显的源、汇分区分布特征,整个调查区海-气二氧化碳通量为3.52 mmol/(m2·d),表现为大气CO2的弱源。冬季流经渤海海峡的DIC通量约为(130±2)×103 mol/s。  相似文献   

15.
根据2004年8月在长江口、杭州湾附近海域获得的调查资料对表层水中Ph值、总碱度和溶解无机碳的分布特征及其与环境参数的关系进行了研究,并由此得到了溶解无机碳的组成情况.结果表明,HCO3-、CO23-;和CO2(T)占溶解无机碳浓度百分比分别为80.33%~97.75%、0.61%~19.42%和0.25%~2.34%,平均值分别为(93.28±3.68)%、(5.58±4.03)%和(1.14±0.43)%.水文、浮游植物等对各参数的分布具有重要影响,但对不同参数的影响程度不同.  相似文献   

16.
The oxygen (δ18O) and carbon (δ13C) isotope ratios of 10 species of living Bryozoa collected from the Otago Shelf, New Zealand were analysed to assess the extent to which isotopic equilibrium (relative to inorganic equilibrium isotope fractionation) is attained during the precipitation of skeletal calcium carbonate. The data reveal that whereas eight species of Bryozoa synthesise skeletal carbonate in apparent oxygen isotope equilibrium with respect to environmental conditions, two species (Celleporina grandis and Hippomonavella flexuosa) yield δ18Ocalcite values which indicate significant disequilibrium oxygen isotope fractionation during calcification. Sufficient data are available from one species (C. grandis) to demonstrate that disequilibrium is probably related to kinetic factors associated with diffusion‐controlled transport of HCO3‐ to the site of calcite precipitation. Carbon isotope signatures indicate significant departures from inorganic isotope equilibrium in all but one bryozoan species (Hippomenella vellicata). Although greater uncertainties are associated with estimates of the isotopic composition of total dissolved inorganic carbon (δ13CSDIC), the data suggest that two factors—kinetic fractionation and incorporation of respiratory CO2—are important in controlling carbon isotope disequilibrium. Where bryozoan species exhibit evidence for disequilibrium in both oxygen and carbon isotope systems (C. grandis, H. flexuosa), it is likely that kinetic factors are primarily responsible for observed departures from carbon isotope equilibrium. In contrast, the probable explanation for those species which display evidence for carbon isotope disequilibrium only, is that skeletal carbonate is precipitated from a DIC pool modified by the incorporation of respiratory CO2. Differences between the carbon isotope composition of skeletal elements from the same species and co‐existing species living in the same community suggests that significant variations may occur in the extent to which marine DIC and respiratory CO2 are utilised during calcification. Additional studies of carbon pathways associated with calcification are required to assess the relative effects of kinetic, metabolic, and environmental factors on the carbon isotopic composition of bryozoan skeletal carbonate.  相似文献   

17.
Availability of soil and sediment phosphorus to a planktonic alga   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
Chlorophyll production by Chlorella vulgaris Beij. var. vulgaris was used to estimate alga‐available phosphorus in clays, soils, and lake sediments suspended in water at concentrations appropriate to lake inflows during floods (100–500 g/m3). Chlorella apparently used 24–81% of 0.5M H2SO4 extractable phosphorus in clays from topsoils, about 25% from lake sediments, and 0.3–1.0% from, subsoils low in phosphorus and with high phosphorus retention.

The presence of suspended soil material did not reduce the availability to Chlorella of inorganic phosphorus added to the cultures. Increasing the Chlorella population by adding inorganic phosphorus resulted in an apparent increase in availability of phosphorus from the soil, possibly as a result of enzymic mineralisation of organic soil phosphorus. The amount of available phosphorus in lake sediments was not a reliable guide to the trophic condition, of the lake.

Suspended material from sediments, soils, and especially clay eroded from fertilised topsoils may provide phosphorus for algal growth in lakes. If allophanic clays are applied to lakes to sorb phosphorus and hence control eutrophication, the particles must settle out before planktonic algae in the photic zone can use the adsorbed phosphorus.  相似文献   

18.
The method proposed for determining the total inorganic carbon (TC) concentrations in sea ice (Arctic region, North Pole-35 expedition) based on the measurement of the total alkalinity (TA) and the pH in the melt waters without the CO2 exchange with the atmosphere is considered. It is shown that the TC/Sal and TA/TC values through the entire ice section remain similar to these parameters in the subice water. The surface snow and the uppermost ice layers are characterized by elevated TA/TC values, which indicate the reaction Ca2+ + 2HCO3 = ↓CaCO3 + ↑CO2 + H2O. The release of CO2 to the atmosphere due to the decomposition of calcium hydrocarbonate is as high as ∼20 mmol/m2. The meltwater of the examined ice is undersaturated with CO2, which may result in a sink of atmospheric CO2 (∼30 mmol/m2).  相似文献   

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