共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 265 毫秒
1.
鲤鱼（Cyprinuscarpio L．）体重和体长QTL的定位 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用265个AFLP标记、127个微卫星分子标记、37个EST-SSR标记和16个RAPD标记（共445个标记）对大头鲤／荷包红鲤抗寒品系的F2代雌核发育群体44个个体进行基因型检测，构建鲤鱼（CyprinuscarpioL.）遗传连锁图谱；利用软件WinQTLCart2.5采用复合区间作图法对体重和体长两个性状进行了QTL定位分析。结果共检测到与两个与体重性状相关的QTL，分别定位到LG24连锁群（qBWh-24-1）和LG20连锁群（qBWh-20-1）上，可解释的表型变异分别为7.98％和20.05％；检测到两个与体长性状相关的QTL，分别位于LG2连锁群（qFS-2-1）和LG20连锁群（qFS-20-1），可解释的表型变异分别为5.69％和12.69％，4个QTL的加性效应均为负值。 相似文献
2.
6个不同鲤群体的形态差异分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
对黄河鲤、荷包红鲤、高背荷包红鲤、兴国红鲤、建鲤和黑龙江野鲤等6个鲤群体的12个形态比例性状进行单因素方差分析、主成分分析和聚类分析。单因素方差分析结果表明,除眼后头长/头长外,各鲤群体间在其他比例性状上出现较明显的差异。主成分分析构建了3个主成分,其贡献率分别为35.316%、23.221%、10.146%,累计贡献率为68.683%,并明显可将6个鲤群体划分为2个簇,荷包红鲤和高背荷包红鲤明显与其他群体区分开。聚类分析结果与主成分分析一致。在体高/体长、头长/体长、体厚/体长和尾柄高/尾柄长等4个比例性状上,有些群体的差异系数大于1.28,说明这些群体在这4个指标上的差异可达到亚种水平。结果表明,6个鲤群体在形态上存在一定差异和分化,主要体现在体型和头部特征上。 相似文献
3.
【目的】研究大刺鳅(Mastacembelusarmatus)形态性状和雌、雄个体的形态差异。【方法】运用差异显著性分析、主成分分析、R-聚类分析和判别分析测量分析了248尾珠江流域野生大刺鳅3个可量性状和25个标准化形态性状。【结果】差异显著性分析结果,在方差均呈齐性(P0.05)的性状中,下颚长/头长和L1-3/体长这两个标准化性状达到显著水平,L1-2/体长、L2-8/体长、L3-4/体长、L3-5/体长、L4-6/体长、L5-6/体长和L7-8/体长等12个性状达到极显著水平。在主成分分析中,提取3个主成分,累积贡献率达到87.169%,结合主成分分析和R-聚类分析的结果,表明大刺鳅个体的差异主要集中在头部、鱼体形态和尾部3个方面。通过逐步判别分析法从248尾大刺鳅的25个标准化形态性状中筛选出16个性状,建立性别判别方程,对雌、雄群体的综合判别准确率为69.2%。【结论】雌性与雄性比较,头部和躯干部较长,眼间距较宽,体高较高;而雄性与雌性比较,上下颚较长,尾部较长,体长较长 相似文献
4.
【目的】研究12月龄多鳞鱚(Sillago sihama Forssk?l)形态性状与体质量之间的关系,筛选适用于选育的主要形态性状。【方法】测定12个形态性状与体质量的表型参数,通过通径分析、相关分析和多元回归分析估计主要性状对体质量的直接影响和间接影响。【结果】12月龄多鳞鱚13个性状之间的相关系数均达到极显著水平(P<0.01)。通径分析表明,体高(X1)、体厚(X2)、眼径(X7)、体长(X10)和背鳍前长(X11)对体质量(Y)有明显的直接影响;除体长外,其他生长性状对体质量的直接影响均小于它们对体质量的间接影响,同时,体长对体质量的直接影响最大。相关分析表明,上述5个主要性状是体质量变化的主要影响因素。体长对体质量的单独决定系数最大(0.331),5个主要性状对体质量的总决定系数为0.928。建立的以主要性状为自变量、体质量为因变量的回归方程为Y=-13.339+2.913X1+3.352X2-4.467X7+1.473X10+0.763X11。【结论】体长、体厚、眼径、体高和背鳍前长等5个主要性状是影响多鳞鱚体质量的核心性状,其中体长影响最大。 相似文献
5.
建鲤与黄河鲤的RAPD分子标记及其杂交优势的遗传分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
利用RAPD技术对建鲤、黄河鲤及其杂交子代进行了遗传分析,筛选的33个引物共扩增出155条带,其中多态性片段为105条,片段S18-1600、S472-300具有种的特异性,可作为鉴别建鲤与黄河鲤的分子遗传标记。建鲤、黄河鲤及其正、反交子代群体内的遗传相似系数分别为0.8240、0.7921、0.7920、0.8569,黄河鲤与正交F1具有较高的遗传变异水平,反交F1变异最小。正交F1、反交F1与亲本(建鲤、黄河鲤)的遗传距离分别为0.2233、0.2436、0.1749、0.2026,说明子代均继承了较多的建鲤的遗传物质。分析了子代与亲本的RAPD标记类型以及各类型的条带数。应用PIT标记系统测定了子代的杂种优势并探讨了优势产生的遗传机理。 相似文献
6.
北部湾野生长毛明对虾(Fenneropenaeus penicillatus)体重和形态性状的关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
测量北部湾86尾野生长毛明对虾体长、头胸甲长、胸高、胸宽、第一腹节宽、第一腹节高、第三腹节高、额剑上刺数、额剑下刺数和体重等10个性状,采用逐步回归法分析9个性状和体重的关系。结果表明:体长、头胸甲长、胸高、第一腹节宽、第三腹节高和额剑下刺数6个性状与体重的相关系数达到了极显著水平(P<0.01),在单独的决定系数中:头胸甲长对体重的决定系数(14.44%)最大,共同决定系数中,体长与头胸甲长最大为21.13%。通过分析,建立长毛明对虾的体长、头胸甲长、胸高、第一腹节宽、第三腹节高、额剑下刺数对体重的最优理想回归方程,为长毛明对虾选育种和保种提供理想的测度指标。 相似文献
7.
《广东海洋大学学报》2019,(6)
【目的】研究棕点石斑鱼(Epinephelusfuscoguttatus)、蓝身大斑石斑鱼(Epinephelustukula)及杂交子代的形态差异。【方法】测量3个石斑鱼群体的20个形态性状,并进行聚类分析、主成分分析和判别分析。【结果】聚类分析表明,杂交子代与父本蓝身大斑石斑鱼距离较近(2.436)。主成分分析构建了6个主成分,其贡献率分别为39.355%、16.722%、12.345%、7.941%、6.450%、5.599%,累计贡献率为88.413%;用6个主成分构建的三维空间散布图中,杂交子代与蓝身大斑石斑鱼存在重叠。判别分析筛选出6个贡献较大参数,分别为D8(背鳍前端基部至腹鳍基部长/体长)、D3(眼径/体长)、D5(体高/体长)、D2(吻长/体长)、D14(胸鳍基部至尾鳍基部长/体长)、D17(臀鳍前端基部至尾鳍长/体长),建立分类判别函数:Y1=1678.062D2+5095.854D3-1794.945D5+1947.116D8+1396.611D14+168.858D17-701.386,Y2=1456.128D2+4466.451D3-1338.855D5+1832.817D8+1201.842D14+259.712D17-678.894,Y3=1755.784D2+3972.479D3-1454.481D5+1679.688D8+1372.581D14+139.714D17-665.639,综合判别率为98.51%,所建立判别函数可快速区分3个石斑鱼群体。【结论】棕点石斑鱼雌性与蓝身大斑石斑鱼雄性的杂交后代在形态上更接近于父本,为两种石斑鱼杂交育种提供了丰富的生物学依据。 相似文献
8.
高位池养殖凡纳滨对虾生长的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
用高位池养殖凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)进行生长研究。凡纳滨对虾养殖密度为135~165万尾/hm2,养殖海水盐度10.0~16.0,温度28.1~34.2℃,pH值7.6~8.8,DO5.0~6.0 mg/L。结果表明:凡纳滨对虾体长(L)与体重(W)的对应关系为:W=0.01 955L2.784;体长生长方程:Lt=13.82(1-е-0.012 01(t-0.699 4));体重生长方程:Wt=29.250 7×(1-е-0.012 01×(t-0.699 4))3;体长生长速率方程:dl/dt=13.823 1×0.012 01×е-0.01 20 1×(t-0.699 4);体重生长速率方程:dw/dt=3×29.250 7×0.012 01×е-0.012 01×(t-0.699 4)×(1-е-0.01201(t-0.699 4)2);高位池养殖凡纳滨对虾拐点年龄为91.36 d,拐点年龄前体长增长较快,拐点年龄后体长增长相对较慢,而拐点年龄前体重增长较慢,拐点年龄后体重增长较快。 相似文献
9.
【目的】筛选高多态性竹?鱼(Trachurusjaponicus)微卫星(SSR)标记,并验证其在鲹科鱼类中的通用性。【方法】采用SLAF-seq技术识别竹?鱼基因组SSR标记,利用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和毛细管电泳筛选高多态性位点,并进行跨物种PCR扩增。【结果与结论】识别出43 264个二至六碱基重复SSR标记,二、三碱基重复SSR标记较多(90.33%)。筛选出37个多态性的二、三碱基SSR位点,各位点的等位基因数为4～26,期望杂合度为0.481～0.935,多态信息含量为0.440～0.934。有30个位点符合哈迪-温伯格平衡,且各位点间不存在连锁不平衡现象。共有28个竹?鱼SSR标记可在1种以上鲹科鱼类中有效扩增,分别有24、21、20、19和11个SSR位点可在蓝圆鲹(Decapterus maruadsi)、长身圆鲹(Decapterus macrosoma)、无斑圆鲹(Decapterus kurroides)、颌圆鲹(Decapterus macarellus)及金带细鲹(Selaroides leptolepis)中稳定扩增,可为竹?鱼遗传资源评估和部分鲹科鱼类的系统进化分析提供重要遗传物质基础及有力的分析手段。 相似文献
10.
采用同源克隆策略和RACE-PCR技术,克隆得到可能的鲤(Cyprinus carpio)两面神激酶2(JAK2)基因的c DNA全长序列,包括3 378 bp的开放阅读框,732 bp的5'-非编码区,529 bp的3'-非编码区,总长度达4 639bp。开放阅读框可编码1 125个氨基酸,推测分子质量和理论等电点分别为129.33 ku和6.99。同源性分析显示,克隆的鲤鱼基因与斑马鱼(Danio rerio)JAK2同源性最高,其氨基酸序列同一性和相似度分别达89%和95%。结构域预测表明,所编码氨基酸序列包含FERM、SH2及两个酪氨酸激酶结构域,这4个结构域也保守地存在于其他脊椎动物的JAK分子中。高级结构预测显示,鲤JAK2主要包括α-螺旋(α-helix)、β-折叠(β-sheet)和连接环(loop)等3类结构元件。脊椎动物JAK分子系统进化树显示,JAK1、JAK2、JAK3和TYK2等4类JAK分子分别聚类,鲤JAK2处于JAK2支系中,与所有其他的鱼类JAK2聚为一大支,并与两栖类和哺乳类组成的另一大支构成姊妹群,表明它们具有共同的祖先基因,为直系同源关系。实时荧光定量PCR检测结果表明,鲤JAK2在皮肤中表达量最高,其次是肠、血液和脑,而在肌肉、鳃、头肾、心、肝、脾中表达量较低;鲤JAK3在脾中表达量最高,在其他组织中表达量均很低,甚至未检出。 相似文献
11.
We report the genetic linkage map of Jian carp(C yprinus carpio var. Jian). An F1 population comprising 94 Jian carp individuals was mapped using 254 microsatellite markers. The genetic map spanned 1 381.592 c M and comprised 44 linkage groups,with an average marker distance of 6.58 c M. We identified eight quantitative trait loci(QTLs) for body weight(BW) in seven linkage groups,explaining 12.6% to 17.3% of the phenotypic variance. Comparative mapping was performed between Jian carp and mirror carp( Cyprinus carpio L.),which both have 50 chromosomes. One hundred and ninety-eight Jian carp marker loci were found in common with the mirror carp map,with 186(93.94%) showing synteny. All 44 Jian carp linkage groups could be one-to-one aligned to the 44 mirror carp linkage groups,mostly sharing two or more common loci. Three QTLs for BW in Jian carp were conserved in mirror carp. QTL comparison suggested that the QTL confidence interval in mirror carp was more precise than the homologous interval in Jian carp,which was contained within the QTL interval in Jian carp. The syntenic relationship and consensus QTLs between the two varieties provide a foundation for genomic research and genetic breeding in common carp. 相似文献
12.
The Chinese shrimp Penaeus (Fenneropaeneus) chinensis is an important species in marine fishery and aquaculture in China. A female Chinese shrimp Penaeus (Fenneropaeneus) chinensis was captured from west coast of the Korean peninsula and mated with a “Yellow Sea No. 1” male to produce the first filial
generation (F1) 100 F2 full-sib progeny from brother-sister crosses between F1 families was used for the mapping study. A genetic linkage map of the Chinese shrimp was constructed, based on 354 markers,
including 300 amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers, 42 microsatellite (SSR) markers, and 12 randomly amplified
polymorphism (RAPD) markers. Forty-seven linkage groups (LGs) were identified. The total map length was 4 580.5 cM, with an
average spacing of 11.3 cM, covering 75.8% of the estimated genome size. The construction of this genetic linkage map was
part of a genetic breeding program. This linkage map will contribute to the discovery of genes and quantitative trait loci
(QTLs) in Chinese shrimp. 相似文献
13.
In recent years, Edwardsiella tarda has become one of the most deadly pathogens of Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus), causing serious annual losses in commercial production. In contrast to the rapid advances in the aquaculture of P. olivaceus, the study of E. tarda resistance-related markers has lagged behind, hindering the development of a disease-resistant strain. Thus, a marker-trait association analysis was initiated, combining bulked segregant analysis (BSA) and quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping. Based on 180 microsatellite loci across all chromosomes, 106 individuals from the F1333 (♀: F0768 ×♂: F0915) (Nomenclature rule: F+year+family number) were used to detect simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and QTLs associated with E. tarda resistance. After a genomic scan, three markers (Scaffold 404-21589, Scaffold 404-21594 and Scaffold 270-13812) from the same linkage group (LG)-1 exhibited a significant difference between DNA, pooled/bulked from the resistant and susceptible groups (P <0.001). Therefore, 106 individuals were genotyped using all the SSR markers in LG1 by single marker analysis. Two different analytical models were then employed to detect SSR markers with different levels of significance in LG1, where 17 and 18 SSR markers were identified, respectively. Each model found three resistance-related QTLs by composite interval mapping (CIM). These six QTLs, designated qE1–6, explained 16.0%–89.5% of the phenotypic variance. Two of the QTLs, qE-2 and qE-4, were located at the 66.7 cM region, which was considered a major candidate region for E. tarda resistance. This study will provide valuable data for further investigations of E. tarda resistance genes and facilitate the selective breeding of disease-resistant Japanese flounder in the future. 相似文献
14.
Guannan Chu Liming Jiang Yan He Haiyang Yu Zhigang Wang Haibin Jiang Quanqi Zhang 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2014,13(6):1078-1086
Ovoviviparous black rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli) is an important marine fish species for aquaculture and fisheries in China. Genetic information of this species is scarce because of the lack of microsatellite markers. In this study, a large number of microsatellite markers of black rockfish were isolated by constructing microsatellite-enriched libraries. Female- and male-specific genetic linkage maps were constructed using 435 microsatellite markers genotyped in a full-sib family of the fish species. The female linkage map contained 140 microsatellite markers, in which 23 linkage groups had a total genetic length of 1334.1 cM and average inter-marker space of 13.3 cM. The male linkage map contained 156 microsatellite markers, in which 25 linkage groups had a total genetic length of 1359.6 cM and average inter-marker distance of 12.4 cM. The genome coverage of the female and male linkage maps was 68.6% and 69.3%, respectively. The female-to-male ratio of the recombination rate was approximately 1.07:1 in adjacent microsatellite markers. This paper presents the first genetic linkage map of microsatellites in black rockfish. The collection of polymorphic markers and sex-specific linkage maps of black rockfish could be useful for further investigations on parental assignment, population genetics, quantitative trait loci mapping, and marker-assisted selection in related breeding programs. 相似文献
15.
Haliotis diversicolor Reeve is one of the most important mollusks cultured in South China. Preliminary genetic linkage maps were constructed with
amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. A total of 2 596 AFLP markers were obtained from 28 primer combinations
in two parents and 78 offsprings. Among them, 412 markers (15.9%) were polymorphic and segregated in the mapping family. Chi-square
tests showed that 151 (84.4%) markers segregated according to the expected 1:1 Mendelian ratio (P<0.05) in the female parent, and 200 (85.8%) in the male parent. For the female map, 179 markers were used for linkage analysis
and 90 markers were assigned to 17 linkage groups with an average interval length of 25.7 cm. For the male map, 233 markers
were used and 94 were mapped into 18 linkage groups, with an average interval of 25.0 cm. The estimated genome length was
2 773.0 cm for the female and 2 817.1 cm for the male map. The observed length of the linkage map was 1 875.2 cm and 1 896.5
cm for the female and male maps, respectively. When doublets were considered, the map length increased to 2 152.8 cm for the
female and 2 032.7 cm for the male map, corresponding to genome coverage of 77.6% and 72.2%, respectively. 相似文献
16.
LI Qi XU Yanhong YU Ruihai KIJIMA Akihiro 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2007,6(3):259-267
A genetic linkage map of Pacific abalone （Haliotis discus hannai） was constructed using AFLP markers based on a two-way pseudo-testcross strategy in a full-sib family. With 33 primer combinations, a total of 455 markers （225 from the female parent and 230 from the male parent） segregated in a 1 ： 1 ratio, corresponding to DNA polymorphism： heterozygous in one parent and null in the other. The female framework map consisted of 174 markers distributed in 18 linkage groups, equivalent to the H. discus hannai haploid chromosome number, and spanning a total length of 2031.4 cM, with an average interval of 13.0 cM between adjacent markers. The male framework map consisted of 195 markers mapped on 19 linkage groups, spanning a total length of 2273.4cM, with an average spacing of 12.9cM between adjacent markers. The estimated coverage for the framework linkage maps was 81.2% for the female and 82.1% for the male, on the basis of two estimates of genome length. Fifty-two markers （11.4%） remained unlinked. The level of segregation distortion observed in this cross was 20.4%. These linkage maps will serve as a starting point for linkage studies in the Pacific abalone with potential application for marker-assisted selection in breeding programs. 相似文献
17.
Sinonovacula constricta is one of the important economic aquaculture species in China. In this study, we constructed genetic linkage maps of S. constricta based on 300 microsatellite markers derived from RAD-seq using an F1 full-sib family. The female map contained 204 microsatellites assigned to 22 linkage groups, which covered 1529.5 cM with an average interval of 10.3 cM. The male consisted of 187 microsatellites in 19 linkage groups corresponding to the haploid chromosome number(n(28)19), which spanned 1429.3 cM with an average interval of 8.7 cM. The genome coverage was approximately 83.5% and 81.4%, respectively. An integrated map was constructed according to the common markers in parental linkage groups, which had a total length of 1683.8 cM with an average interval of 7.3 cM. The genome coverage of the integrated map was approximately 86.3%. The genetic linkage map would form the foundation for further studies on the quantitative trait loci(QTL), as well as accelerating the breeding process of this species. 相似文献
18.
A cultured female half-smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis) was crossed with a wild male, yielding the first filial generation of pseudo-testcrossing from which 200 fish were randomly selected to locate the Vibrio anguillarum resistance trait in half-smooth tongue sole at its microsatellite linkage map. In total, 129 microsatellites were arrayed into 18 linkage groups, ≥4 each. The map reconstructed was 852.85 cM in length with an average spacing of 7.68 cM, covering 72.07% of that expected (1 183.35 cM). The V. anguillarum resistance trait was a composite rather than a unit trait, which was tentatively partitioned into Survival time in Hours After V. anguillarum Infection (SHAVI) and Immunity of V. Anguillarum Infection (IVAI). Above a logarithm of the odds (LOD) threshold of 2.5, 18 loci relative to SHAVI and 3 relative to IVAI were identified. The 3 loci relative to IVAI explained 18.78%, 5.87% and 6.50% of the total phenotypic variation in immunity. The microsatellites bounding the 3 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) of IVAI may in future aid to the selection of V. anguillarum-immune half-smooth tongue sole varieties, and facilitate cloning the gene(s) controlling such immunity. 相似文献