共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
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鲜浒苔稀硫酸水解产糖工艺研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
分别用质量分数为0.6%、1.0%、1.4%、1.8%、2.2%的稀硫酸在121℃高温高压的条件下水解鲜浒苔30、60、90 min,浒苔水解残留物再用纤维素酶酶解,用DNS法测定上述各步骤中的还原糖产量。结果表明,浒苔总糖含量为67.2%。稀硫酸水解工艺中,硫酸质量分数为1.8%、水解90 min,浒苔还原糖转化率最高,达59.9%,每克干质量浒苔可产生447.0 mg还原糖。稀硫酸水解残留物纤维素酶酶解工艺中,浒苔还原糖转化率较低,在硫酸质量分数为0.6%、水解时间为60 min时还原糖转化率出现最大值,仅为6.5%。结果显示浒苔稀硫酸水解产还原糖效果显著,但并不能促进纤维素酶酶解。浒苔糖化可单独采用稀硫酸水解工艺,本实验条件下的最佳工艺条件为1.8%硫酸水解90 min。本研究探索了浒苔糖化工艺条件,对后续的浒苔燃料乙醇发酵研究具有一定的参考意义。 相似文献
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灰树花糖蛋白中总糖含量的测定 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7
探讨糖蛋白中总糖含量测定的简捷方法,以2种灰树花糖蛋白(GF6A,GF6B)为原料,分别以硫酸-苯酚法和次亚碘酸钠法对其中的总糖含量进行了比较分析。结果显示,应用前者方法测定多糖含量分别为85.45%和38.46%,采用后者方法测定结果分别为87.03%,36.51%,2种方法测定的结果相近,其中以硫酸-苯酚法因不需对样品进行预水解,方法简便、可靠,更适合于糖蛋白中总糖含量测定。 相似文献
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三种绿藻多糖的提取及理化性质和活性比较 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用80℃水浴8h、乙醇沉淀、Sevage法去除蛋白质的方法提取湛江裂片石莼、肠浒苔和总状蕨藻多糖，并用Molish反应、Fehling反应鉴定多糖的化学性质，用苯酚-硫酸法测定多糖的总糖含量，用Dodgson法测定多糖的硫酸基含量，用Folin-酚法测定多糖的蛋白质含量．结果表明：3种绿藻的多糖提取率和多糖总糖含量以裂片石莼最高，分别为3．0％和72．6％，总状蕨藻最低分别为1．65％和38．6％；3种绿藻的硫酸基含量相差不大．总状蕨藻的蛋白质含量最高，为14．5％．3种多糖溶液作用于体外白血病细胞结果以总状蕨藻的抑制效果最明显，浓度为12mg／dm^3的总状蕨藻多糖溶液作用72h的抑瘤率达66％． 相似文献
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盐藻多糖提取工艺的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
探讨盐藻D.peircei多糖的提取工艺.采用正交实验确定了提取盐藻粗多糖的最佳工艺条件,通过酶解方法脱除其蛋白.实验结果表明,提取盐藻粗多糖的最佳工艺条件为100℃,提取10h,固液比1∶16,pH=9,通过中性蛋白酶对其酶解,可脱除其部分蛋白,使糖含量达到29.01%,初步确定此多糖为含有硫酸基和己糖醛酸的蛋白多糖. 相似文献
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海水苦卤中可溶性糖的测定 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
建立了一种海水苦卤中可溶性糖的测定方法。研究确定了苯酚-硫酸法测定海水苦卤样品中可溶性糖的最佳实验条件。在加入苯酚60mg、90℃水浴加热20min的条件下,显色体系在490nm处的吸光度达到最佳值,糖的浓度在1—100μg.ml-1范围内符合比尔定律,线性相关系数为0.999 7。该方法具有简便、快速、稳定性好、干扰因素少的特点,且样品基本无需预处理。用所拟方法对广东省徐闻县盐场制盐苦卤中的可溶性糖进行测定,相对标准偏差为1.73%(n=6),加标回收率在94.80%—102.70%之间,结果满意。应用该方法还成功测定了生态型人工海水添加剂———苦卤提取物中糖的含量。 相似文献
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毛细管气相色谱法测定海带提取多糖中的L-褐藻糖含量 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
建立快速而准确灵敏的方法测定海带(Laminaria japonica)提取多糖——褐藻多糖硫酸酯中的L,褐藻糖含量。海带多糖经酸解后,转化成糖腈乙酸酯衍生物。采用SGEAC225毛细管柱进行分离,实验中以肌醇为内标物。从青岛产海带提取的褐藻多糖硫酸酯中仅含有L,褐藻糖和I)-半乳糖2种单糖,样品10-1,10-2,10-3,1阻4中的L褐藻糖的平均含量分别为32．9072％,32．3147％,31．2924％,32．3571％,回收率为97．1％～99．9％,变异系数为0．23％～0．60％。采用气相色谱法测定海带多糖中的L褐藻糖含量准确、可靠。 相似文献
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目的：优化枸杞多糖(LBP)的精制工艺,为LBP的开发提供参考。方法：以多糖提取率为指标,采用正交试验考察提取次数、提取时间、料液比对多糖提取工艺的影响。在单因素试验的基础上,以糖损失率为指标,利用正交试验优化活性炭除色素工艺,以蛋白清除率和糖损失率的综合评分为指标,采用正交试验优化酶-sevag法脱蛋白工艺。结果：最佳提取工艺为提取次数2次、提取时间30 min、料液比1∶10。最佳除色素工艺为活性炭用量1.0%、温度100℃、时间20 min;糖损失率为28.6%。最佳除蛋白工艺为酶用量1.5%、温度50℃、时间60 min;蛋白质清除率为28.2%,糖损失率为10.9%。结论：优选的LBP精制工艺稳定可行,适用于LBP产品开发。 相似文献
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Chandralata Raghukumar G. Sheelu P. A. Loka Bharathi Shanta Nair C. Mohandass 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(1):1-16
In order to assess the impact of deep-sea mining on the in situ benthic life, we measured the microbial standing stock and concentration of organic nutrients in the deep-sea sediments of the Central Indian Ocean Basin in the Indian pioneer area. Sediments were collected using box core and grab samples during September 1996. The total bacterial numbers ranged from 10 10 -10 11 cells per g -1 dry weight sediment. There was a marginal decrease in the number of bacteria from surface to 30 cm depth, though the subsurface section registered a higher number than did the surface. The highest numbers were encountered at depths of 4-8 cm. The retrievable number of bacteria were two orders less in comparison with the direct total counts of bacteria. An almost homogeneous distribution of bacteria, total organic carbon, living biomass, and lipids throughout the depth of cores indicates active microbial and benthic processes in the deep sea sediments. On the other hand, a uniform distribution of total counts of bacteria, carbohydrates, and total organic carbon in all the cores indicates their stable nature and suggests that they can serve as useful parameters for long-term monitoring of the area after the benthic disturbance. Further studies on temporal variability in this region would not only verify the observed norms of distribution of these variables but would also help to understand restabilization processes after the simulated benthic disturbance. 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。 相似文献
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Geoacoustic Inversion via Genetic Algorithm and Its Application to Manganese Sediment Identification
An acoustic inversion method using a wide-band signal and two near field receivers is proposed and applied to multiple layered seabed models including a manganese sediment. The inversion problem can be formulated into a probabilistic model comprised of signals, a forward model, and additive noise. The forward model simulates wide-band signals, such as chirp signals, and is chosen to be the source-waveletconvolution plane wave modeling method. The wavelet matching technique, using weighted least-squares fitting, estimates the sediment sound-speed and thickness on which determination of the possible numerical ranges for a priori uniform distribution is based. The genetic algorithm is applied to a global optimization problem to find a maximum a posteriori solution for determined a priori search space. Here the object function is defined by an L 2 norm of the difference between measured and modeled signals. Not only the marginal pdf but also its statistics are calculated by numerical evaluation of integrals using the samples selected during importance sampling process of the genetic algorithm. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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Oedometer tests have been carried out on 70 undisturbed surficial clays (at approximately 250 mm below the mudline), mostly collected by free-fall corers from sites widely scattered throughout the deep-sea North Atlantic. Acoustic measurements were also made, initially on contiguous samples and ultimately on the same sample using a geophysically instrumented oedometer which also collected electrical resistivity data. Apart from those quiescent areas below the carbonate compensation depth, such as north of the West Indies where very fine clays exist, most of the samples are silty clays whose geotechnical-geophysical properties are dependent on the type of clay minerals present (and their ability to take in moisture), the sand-size fraction, and the quantity of carbonate present. Thus the pure clays have high compressibilities which decrease on the addition of coarse particles, while the converse is true for the acoustic parameters, these increasing with the sand fraction. Using the notion of the intrinsic compression line for all samples, and comparison to it of the measured compression curves, it is clear that, contrary to some previously held ideas, most deep-sea clays are normally consolidated; the addition of carbonate has the effect of creating an open, stronger sediment skeleton. Interestingly, where information is available, the variation with depth of a sample's acoustic velocity follows the void ratio pressure relationship of the compression curve. This allows the construction of an in-situ sediment compression curve using the in-situ geophysical observations. 相似文献
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The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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Phylogenetic diversity and phenotypic characterization of cultivable bacterioplankton isolated from polar oceans 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A set of 27 marine planktonic bacteria isolated from the polar regions was characterized by 16S rDNA sequencing and physiological and biochemical testing. More than half of these bacteria were positive for caseinase, gelatinase and 13-glucosidase, and could utilize glucose, maltose or malic acid as carbon source for cell growth. Twelve isolates expressed nitrate reduction activities. Except for one antarctic isolate BSwlO175 belonging to Actinobacteria phylum, these isolates were classified as γ-Proteobacteria, suggesting that γ-Proteobacteria dominated in cultivable marine bacterioplankton at both poles. Genus Pseudoalteromonas was the predominant group in the Chukchi Sea and the Bering Sea, and genus ShewaneUa dominated in cultivable bacterioplankton in the Prydz Bay. With sequence similarities above 97%, genus Psychrobacter was found at both poles. These 27 isolates were psychrotolerant, and significant 16S rDNA sequence similarities were found not only between arctic and antarctic marine bacteria （ 〉 99% ）, but also between polar marine bacteria and bacteria from other aquatic environments （ ≥ 98.8% ）, including temperate ocean, deep sea, pond and lake, suggesting that in the polar oceans less temperature-sensitive bacteria may be cosmopolitan and have a bipolar, even global, distribution at the species level. 相似文献